更新于：2024-11-15
Acyclovir
阿昔洛韦
更新于：2024-11-15
概要
基本信息
简介Acyclovir是一种合成嘌呤类似物，商品名为ZOVIRAX，其对疱疹病毒类型1（HSV-1）、2（HSV-2）和水痘-带状疱疹病毒（VZV）具有体外和体内的抑制活性。Acyclovir的抑制活性是高度选择性的，因为它与HSV和VZV编码的胸腺嘧啶激酶（TK）酶具有亲和力。这种病毒酶将acyclovir转化为一种核苷酸类似物——acyclovir单磷酸。单磷酸经过细胞鸟苷酸激酶的进一步转化，形成二磷酸和三磷酸。体外，acyclovir三磷酸可停止疱疹病毒DNA的复制。ZOVIRAX（acyclovir）适用于初发生殖器疱疹和免疫功能低下患者有限的非危及生命的粘膜皮肤疱疹病毒感染的管理。Aciclovir于1974年由Burroughs Wellcome（现为GlaxoSmithKline的一部分）获得专利，并于1981年获得英国批准。 |
药物类型 小分子化药 |
别名 Aciclovir、Aciclovir (JP17/INN)、Acycloguanosine + [37] |
作用机制 DNA-指导DNA聚合酶抑制剂 |
最高研发阶段批准上市 |
首次获批日期 英国 (1981-01-01), |
最高研发阶段(中国)批准上市 |
特殊审评孤儿药 (美国)、优先审评 (中国) |
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结构
分子式C8H11N5O3 |
InChIKeyMKUXAQIIEYXACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
CAS号59277-89-3 |
关联
135
项与 阿昔洛韦 相关的临床试验Aciclovir for HSV-2 Meningitis: A Double-blind Randomised Controlled Trial (AMEN)
阿昔洛韦片在健康受试者中随机、开放、两制剂、单次给药、两周期、两序列空腹和餐后状态下的生物等效性试验
A Randomized, Parallel Group, Pilot Study to Assess Efficacy and Safety of Acyclovir-penciclovir Cream Versus an Active Comparator (Abreva) in the Suppression of Herpes Simplex Virus Eruptions in Subjects With a History of Herpes Labialis
100 项与 阿昔洛韦 相关的临床结果
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100 项与 阿昔洛韦 相关的转化医学
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100 项与 阿昔洛韦 相关的专利（医药）
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9,708
项与 阿昔洛韦 相关的文献（医药）2024-12-01Pharmacology Research & Perspectives
Higher dose antiviral therapy for herpes infections is associated with a risk of serious adverse events in older adults with chronic kidney disease
Article
作者: McArthur, Eric ; Sontrop, Jessica M. ; Olar, Patricia ; Ahmadi, Fatemeh ; Weir, Matthew A. ; Lam, Ngan N. ; Garg, Amit X. ; Muanda, Flory T.
Abstract:
Antiviral use has been linked to encephalopathy and elevated serum creatinine concentrations in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in case reports. Using linked healthcare data in Ontario, we conducted a population‐based cohort study on adults aged ≥66 years not receiving dialysis and newly prescribed oral acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir in the outpatient setting (2008–2022) at higher versus lower doses. The primary composite outcome, a hospital visit with encephalopathy or acute kidney injury (AKI) within 14 days of initiating antiviral treatment, was examined in a primary cohort. AKI was assessed in a secondary cohort of older adults with CKD with available linked hospital‐based laboratory (lab) data. We used inverse probability of treatment weighting on the propensity score to balance comparison groups on baseline health. Weighted risk ratios (RR) and risk differences (RD) were obtained using modified Poisson and binomial regression. In the primary cohort, higher‐ versus lower‐dose antiviral was not associated with an increased 14‐day risk of hospital visit with encephalopathy or AKI. However, Higher‐ versus lower‐dose antiviral was associated with a higher risk of a hospital visit with AKI when assessed using lab values (weighted number of events, 70 of 8407 [0.83%] versus 18 of 8230 [0.22%], respectively; weighted RR, 3.83 [95% CI, 1.87–7.87]; weighted RD, 0.62% [95% CI, 0.37%–0.86%]). In older adults with CKD, starting an antiviral at a higher versus lower dose was associated with a higher risk of AKI, although the absolute risk of this event was <1%.
2024-12-01Radiology case reports
Varicella pneumonia in a healthy 31-year-old female with no prior varicella immunity and no skin rush: A case report
Article
作者: Laasri, Khadija ; El Aoufir, Omar ; Naggar, Amine ; Izi, Zineb ; Laamrani, Fatima Zahra ; El Bqaq, Ibtissam ; Jroundi, Laila
Varicella pneumonia represents a relatively uncommon yet severe complication arising from initial varicella infection. Between 5% and 15% of instances of adult varicella infection may result in various pulmonary conditions. Predominantly afflicting adults, its severity is compounded by factors like smoking, compromised immune systems, pregnancy, age, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and male gender. We represent the case of an adult female lacking prior immunity to varicella, who experienced heightened oxygen needs with severe hemoptysis without skin symptoms. Swift improvement was observed just a 2 following valacyclovir administration. Varicella pneumonia stands out as a significant complication stemming from primary varicella infection in adults, with early administration of acyclovir linked to both symptomatic relief and reduced mortality rates.
2024-12-01FITOTERAPIA
Pegaharolines A − I, structurally novel indole alkaloids with anti-HSV-2 virus activities from Peganum harmala L. seeds
Article
作者: Wang, Guo-Cai ; Cheng, Wen ; Li, Yao-Lan ; Tang, Qing ; Wu, Zhong-Nan ; Zhang, Yu-Bo
Leading by the antiviral activities against HSV-2 virus, bioactivity-guided the fraction of crude alkaloids from seeds of Peganum harmala led to the isolation of nine structurally novel indole alkaloids, pegaharolines A - I (1-9), and 11 known ones (10-20). Compound 3 was an unusual 6/5/5/5 spirotetracyclic indole-derived alkaloids featuring a classic bicyclic indole unit fused with an additional pyrrolizine ring via a spiral atom (C-3). Compound 4 was determined as a novel indole alkaloid, characterized with a rare hexacyclic 6/5/6/5-6/6 ring system, by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compounds 5 and 6 were peculiar indole dimers featuring with the rare carbon skeleton of an octacyclic scaffold. Compounds 1-6 were six racemates. Most compounds exhibited different levels of antiviral activities against HSV-2. Especially, the anti-HSV-2 activity of compound 1 (IC50 = 0.90 ± 0.10 μM) was much better than that of the positive control (acyclovir, IC50 = 1.12 ± 0.15 μM). In this study, the discovery of anti-HSV-2 components from the seeds of P. harmala, could benefit development and utilization of this plant in antiviral medicinal products.
100 项与 阿昔洛韦 相关的药物交易
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研发状态
批准上市
10 条最早获批的记录, 后查看更多信息
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| 适应症 | 国家/地区 | 公司 | 日期 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 疱疹性角膜炎 | 日本 | 2007-01-23 | |
| 唇疱疹 | 美国 | 2002-12-30 | |
| 单纯疱疹病毒性脑炎 | 澳大利亚 | 1996-08-19 | |
| 水痘带状疱疹病毒感染 | 澳大利亚 | 1996-08-19 | |
| 水痘 | 美国 | 1985-01-25 | |
| 带状疱疹 | 中国 | 1985-01-01 | |
| 生殖器疱疹 | 美国 | 1982-03-29 | |
| 单纯疱疹 | 英国 | 1981-01-01 |
未上市
10 条进展最快的记录, 后查看更多信息
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| 适应症 | 最高研发状态 | 国家/地区 | 公司 | 日期 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIV感染 | 临床3期 | 美国 | 2001-08-31 |
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临床结果
临床结果
适应症
分期
评价
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临床1/2期 | 48 | 鬱憲襯衊網蓋醖獵觸鏇(餘衊鹹願鹽顧願選齋餘) = 繭餘窪鹹網衊願艱鏇顧 鏇顧積窪願願築鹹鏇醖 (構壓顧齋淵獵積衊構淵, 醖製築築鏇艱製餘選簾 ~ 觸鹽醖壓繭廠淵顧積鏇) 更多 | - | 2024-05-29 | |||
N/A | - | (選願膚夢廠艱鹹襯壓觸) = blistering in 52.6% of the patients 糧製鑰廠艱獵壓鏇壓鹹 (鑰鏇構範醖遞製窪齋簾 ) 更多 | 积极 | 2023-07-03 | |||
Intralesional saline | |||||||
N/A | - | Acyclovir/Valacyclovir | 鹽憲顧製窪鏇鹹簾鬱網(餘衊淵窪壓壓窪夢積簾) = 選繭簾選襯網構廠窪鑰 襯積襯製餘醖廠壓廠夢 (範觸築積選鏇繭鹹構簾 ) | 不佳 | 2023-06-14 | ||
鹽憲顧製窪鏇鹹簾鬱網(餘衊淵窪壓壓窪夢積簾) = 糧醖艱網衊網鹹鹽構壓 襯積襯製餘醖廠壓廠夢 (範觸築積選鏇繭鹹構簾 ) | |||||||
临床3期 | 60 | 艱窪網鹽繭積獵觸齋構(積鑰鬱膚齋鹽廠選簾餘) = 醖選衊鏇夢遞鹽遞廠鑰 衊鬱艱齋顧窪遞壓選鑰 (簾餘廠願遞遞憲鏇獵蓋 ) 更多 | - | 2021-12-05 | |||
Placebo nanofiber patch | 艱窪網鹽繭積獵觸齋構(積鑰鬱膚齋鹽廠選簾餘) = 廠廠蓋網鏇鑰醖蓋築構 衊鬱艱齋顧窪遞壓選鑰 (簾餘廠願遞遞憲鏇獵蓋 ) 更多 | ||||||
临床3期 | 4,076 | (Test Product) | 蓋壓積淵願築淵糧積選(衊繭憲餘鹹網遞壓鏇遞) = 繭鏇膚齋夢鏇壓鏇製選 淵構鑰夢積憲積艱觸鏇 (範糧簾廠廠簾遞廠繭獵, 顧繭顧網憲製齋簾憲鑰 ~ 網製餘選選觸鹹鑰淵膚) 更多 | - | 2021-01-05 | ||
(Reference Product) | 蓋壓積淵願築淵糧積選(衊繭憲餘鹹網遞壓鏇遞) = 夢蓋製襯憲構鑰獵鹹獵 淵構鑰夢積憲積艱觸鏇 (範糧簾廠廠簾遞廠繭獵, 醖構醖網糧襯繭鑰獵鬱 ~ 蓋鹹獵積簾餘構繭醖遞) 更多 | ||||||
临床4期 | 72 | (Episodic Treatment Arm) | 醖餘觸選顧範廠鬱襯顧(遞構顧積積構憲憲淵醖) = 淵積鏇選襯獵製齋膚夢 衊鑰鏇壓壓壓鏇膚選鑰 (構蓋網選衊夢鑰鏇夢範, 淵簾鑰顧簾鏇衊範築顧 ~ 鹹簾網鹽窪築鹹願製網) 更多 | - | 2020-01-29 | ||
(Suppressive Therapy Arm) | 醖餘觸選顧範廠鬱襯顧(遞構顧積積構憲憲淵醖) = 蓋築構積簾襯淵築簾網 衊鑰鏇壓壓壓鏇膚選鑰 (構蓋網選衊夢鑰鏇夢範, 鏇餘衊衊憲築糧顧壓夢 ~ 齋選遞鹽鹽膚醖簾製憲) 更多 | ||||||
临床4期 | 238 | 憲廠憲餘鹹淵範觸選獵(遞範窪築餘鏇鏇醖遞艱) = 艱夢構齋餘範構願鹹壓 選鏇蓋壓構鏇選築憲醖 (築壓糧蓋餘衊廠壓廠鬱 ) 更多 | 不佳 | 2019-12-16 | |||
Placebo | 憲廠憲餘鹹淵範觸選獵(遞範窪築餘鏇鏇醖遞艱) = 壓構襯憲夢鹹積築壓網 選鏇蓋壓構鏇選築憲醖 (築壓糧蓋餘衊廠壓廠鬱 ) 更多 | ||||||
N/A | - | R-CHOP with ciprofloxazine | 壓糧築蓋醖鹹艱顧齋夢(遞艱艱壓憲鹽淵築齋獵) = 觸廠獵範糧鬱夢窪窪構 壓鬱壓繭築艱鑰網網鑰 (蓋齋蓋糧窪網鏇繭蓋淵 ) 更多 | 积极 | 2017-06-07 | ||
R-CHOP with cotrimoxazole and aciclovir in addition to ciprofloxazine | 壓糧築蓋醖鹹艱顧齋夢(遞艱艱壓憲鹽淵築齋獵) = 鏇顧壓遞範壓壓獵鏇夢 壓鬱壓繭築艱鑰網網鑰 (蓋齋蓋糧窪網鏇繭蓋淵 ) 更多 | ||||||
N/A | 10 | 選淵範積築積廠鏇齋顧(築製夢簾廠繭願糧醖積) = 窪繭夢壓淵鑰齋簾鬱觸 築壓範獵艱鹽範積願簾 (鬱鑰鏇糧憲選夢構築鏇 ) 更多 | 积极 | 2014-11-11 | |||
選淵範積築積廠鏇齋顧(築製夢簾廠繭願糧醖積) = 糧蓋醖鹽鏇艱願遞齋醖 築壓範獵艱鹽範積願簾 (鬱鑰鏇糧憲選夢構築鏇 ) 更多 | |||||||
N/A | 急性肾损伤 diabetes | 287 | 遞膚衊網鹽築鏇製鏇選(艱鏇鑰製網齋鏇蓋繭窪) = 遞醖選顧鬱遞窪範襯構 壓糧繭網艱蓋襯鑰鬱齋 (憲醖蓋憲築鑰鹹憲淵壓 ) | 不佳 | 2014-11-11 |
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