Levonorgestrel

Company launches Flora Sync LF5™, the company's first directly commercialized product, began generating revenue in July DARE to PLAY™ Sildenafil Cream progressing toward national dispensing and initial revenue in the third quarter of 2026, with prescriptions and preorders already being accepted Building a commercial ecosystem to make it easier for women to discover, access and purchase products specifically designed for women Clinical pipeline continues to advance, led by positive interim Phase 3 Ovaprene® results and initiation of the DARE-HPV Phase 2 study Company to host conference call and webcast today, August 13, 2026, at 4:30 p.m. Eastern Time – Access the webcast here SAN DIEGO, Aug. 13, 2026 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Daré Bioscience, Inc. (NASDAQ: DARE), a purpose-driven health biotech company solely focused on closing the gap in women's health between promising science and real-world solutions, today reported financial results for the quarter ended June 30, 2026, and provided a corporate update highlighting key milestones in its commercial evolution, including the launch of Flora Sync LF5, its first directly commercialized product. The Company also continued preparations for prescription dispensing of DARE to PLAY Sildenafil Cream and expanded its purpose-built commercial ecosystem. Daré continued to advance its diversified development pipeline of women’s health products toward multiple anticipated clinical and regulatory milestones. The Company’s pipeline includes product candidates at various stages of development addressing significant unmet needs across women’s health. As these programs move through clinical development and regulatory review, they have the potential to broaden Daré’s future commercial portfolio, generate additional value-driving catalysts and provide a sustained pipeline of differentiated products for its growing commercial infrastructure. “The launch of Flora Sync LF5, our first directly commercialized product, represents an important milestone in the strategy Daré has pursued since its founding, to bring to market evidence-based products specifically designed for women,” said Sabrina Martucci Johnson, President and Chief Executive Officer of Daré Bioscience. “With DARE to PLAY Sildenafil Cream nearing prescription dispensing, we are expanding our commercial portfolio while building the capabilities to make our products easier for women to discover, access and purchase. Our commercial platform is designed to support not only our initial launches, but also future products across our portfolio. By pairing a differentiated women’s health pipeline with a scalable path to market, we are building a strong foundation for sustainable, long-term growth.” Daré is building a commercial platform that brings together evidence-based products, provider engagement, targeted digital marketing, telehealth services and the DARE Health Hub within a coordinated, data-driven model tailored to women’s health. These capabilities will allow the Company to reach women through multiple channels, facilitate a more seamless path from education to fulfillment, and generate insights that can inform customer acquisition and resource allocation. By applying the lessons from each launch across its broader portfolio, Daré is creating a repeatable, capital-efficient approach to commercialization. BUILDING TOWARD A MULTI-PRODUCT COMMERCIAL PORTFOLIO: Launched Flora Sync LF5 through the DARE Health Hub, establishing the Company’s first direct-to-consumer product offering. Continued preparations for DARE to PLAY Sildenafil Cream prescription dispensing, with nationwide prescription intake and early preorder activity underway through the DARE Health Hub.* DARE to PLAY Sildenafil Cream prescription dispensing and initial product revenue expected to commence in Q3 2026. Entered a strategic collaboration with MyMenopauseRx to connect women exploring DARE to PLAY Sildenafil Cream with a telehealth provider dedicated to perimenopause and menopause care and expand patient access and reach. Continued optimizing provider engagement, digital marketing, telehealth and customer acquisition channels to support capital-efficient commercial growth. DARE to RECLAIM – Estradiol plus Progesterone Monthly Hormone Therapy for Menopause* Activities to support commercial availability through the 503B compounding pathway are underway, with prescription dispensing targeted to begin in 2027. Working in parallel to advance an FDA 505(b)(2) regulatory pathway strategy.** Activities to support commercial availability through the 503B compounding pathway are underway, with prescription dispensing targeted to begin in 2027. Working in parallel to advance an FDA 505(b)(2) regulatory pathway strategy.** PIPELINE EXECUTION: Ovaprene® - Investigational Hormone-Free Monthly Intravaginal Contraceptive Reported positive interim results from the ongoing pivotal Phase 3 study and the independent Data Safety Monitoring Board’s recommendation that the study continue without modification. Reported positive interim results from the ongoing pivotal Phase 3 study and the independent Data Safety Monitoring Board’s recommendation that the study continue without modification. DARE-HPV - Investigational Therapeutic with Potential to be the First for High-Risk HPV Infection With funding from an ARPA-H award, initiated a Phase 2 study expected to enroll approximately 100 women with persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Topline results are expected in 2027. Received a funding award notice for a second $1.0 million tranche from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIAID), a division of the NIH, bringing the total funding award for the DARE-HPV program across the project period that began in December 2024 to $2.0 million. With funding from an ARPA-H award, initiated a Phase 2 study expected to enroll approximately 100 women with persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Topline results are expected in 2027. Received a funding award notice for a second $1.0 million tranche from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIAID), a division of the NIH, bringing the total funding award for the DARE-HPV program across the project period that began in December 2024 to $2.0 million. “We are very pleased with the momentum across our development pipeline, including the recently reported positive interim results for Ovaprene and the initiation of the DARE-HPV Phase 2 study,” continued Ms. Johnson. “We are also making meaningful progress across our additional clinical and grant-supported programs, creating multiple opportunities for data, regulatory milestones and value creation. Each step brings us closer to delivering new options in areas of women’s health where significant needs remain unmet.” FINANCIAL RESULTS FOR SECOND QUARTER 2026 AND HIGHLIGHTS Cash Position As of June 30, 2026, Daré had approximately $12.6 million in cash and cash equivalents, and a working capital deficit, which is calculated as current assets minus current liabilities, including a deferred grant funding liability of approximately $15.0 million, of approximately $0.2 million. Revenue Total revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2026 was $0.2 million compared to $(0.02) million for the same period of the prior year. The increase is attributable to research and development (R&D) services revenues from agreements entered into with the Gates Foundation in September and October 2025, partially offset by a decrease in non-cash royalty revenues related to XACIATO®. Cost of Revenues Cost of revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2026, was $0.3 million with no comparable activity in the same period of the prior year. Cost of revenues related to the cost of performing R&D services under agreements entered into with the Gates Foundation in September and October 2025, and to expenses associated with medical education and awareness related to the commercialization of DARE to PLAY. Operating Expenses Selling, general and administrative expenses were approximately $2.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2026, compared to approximately $2.4 million for the same period of the prior year. The year-over-year increase was primarily attributable to a non-cash write down of previously deferred equity offering costs. R&D expenses were approximately $0.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2026, compared to approximately $1.4 million for the same period of the prior year. The decrease of approximately $1.2 million was primarily related to an increase in contra R&D expenses for direct program costs, decreases in direct costs of several programs, driven by decreases in costs related to the Ovaprene Phase 3 clinical trial, the DARE-PTB1 program, and the DARE-LARC1 program, and a decrease in personnel-related costs. Such decreases were partially offset by increases in expenses related to DARE-HPV, investigational Sildenafil Cream, and DARE to PLAY Sildenafil Cream. Contra R&D expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025 primarily offset direct program costs for DARE-LARC1, Ovaprene and DARE-HPV. Daré recognizes amounts received under grant and governmental funding awards as “contra-R&D expenses,” meaning grant funding reduces R&D expenses in the statements of operations as the related costs are incurred over the grant period. Total contra-R&D expense was approximately $4.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2026, compared to approximately $4.5 million for the same period of the prior year. Daré believes this dynamic is important to understand when evaluating the true scale of Daré’s R&D investment and capital efficiency. Revenue Outlook Daré began recording revenue from sales of Flora Sync LF5 in July 2026 and expects to begin recording revenue from sales of DARE to PLAY Sildenafil Cream in the third quarter of 2026. Revenue from DARE to RECLAIM estradiol and progesterone intravaginal ring is targeted to begin in 2027. Daré is building toward a multi-product revenue profile that diversifies and grows across 2026 and 2027. Daré encourages investors to review the detailed discussion of its financial statements, financial condition, liquidity, capital resources and risk factors in its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2026, filed today with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Conference Call Daré will host a conference call and live webcast today, August 13, 2026, at 4:30 p.m. Eastern Time to review its financial results for the quarter ended June 30, 2026, and to provide a company update. To access the conference call via phone, dial (646) 307-1963 or (800) 715-9871 (toll-free). The conference ID number for the call is 3808585. The live webcast can be accessed under “Presentations, Events & Webcasts" in the Investors section of the company's website at ir.darebioscience.com. Please log in approximately 5-10 minutes prior to the call to register and to download and install any necessary software. The webcast will be archived in the same section of the company's website and available for replay for 90 days. ABOUT DARÉ BIOSCIENCE, INC. Daré Bioscience (NASDAQ: DARE) is a purpose-driven health biotech company solely focused on closing the gap in women’s health between promising science and real-world solutions. Every innovation Daré advances is based in advanced science and backed by rigorous, peer-reviewed research. From contraception to menopause, sexual health to fertility, vaginal health to infectious disease, Daré is working to close critical gaps in care using science that serves her needs. For decades, women have been told to “wait it out” or “live with it,” while innovations that could improve their quality of life languish in the regulatory or funding pipeline. With growing awareness around menopause, sexual health, and vaginal health, the conversation is shifting. However, access to proven solutions is lagging. Daré is working to change that. Learn more at darebioscience.com. FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS Daré cautions you that all statements, other than statements of historical facts, contained in this press release, are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements, in some cases, can be identified by terms such as “believe,” “may,” “will,” “estimate,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “design,” “intend,” “expect,” “could,” “plan,” “potential,” “prepare,” “progress,” “seek,” “should,” “would,” “build” or the negative version of these words and similar expressions. In this press release, forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements relating to: Daré’s commercial strategy and plans; the capabilities of Daré’s commercial infrastructure; the timing of DARE to PLAY and DARE to RECLAIM prescription dispensing and product revenue; the market opportunity for Daré’s products and ability to gain market acceptance; potential commercial portfolio expansion; the potential impact of the products that Daré brings to market for women and the Company; development and regulatory pathway plans and expectations regarding Daré’s product candidates, including clinical development strategies, clinical trial design, timelines, costs, milestones, and results, regulatory strategy; timing and outcome of FDA communications, submissions and review of applications; the potential for Daré’s clinical development programs to generate value-driving catalysts and provide a sustained pipeline of differentiated products; the sufficiency of non-dilutive grant and other financial award funding to advance development of specified product candidates or programs, including through specified milestones; expectations regarding existing collaborations and plans for future collaborations; and Daré’s ability to create meaningful long-term value for women and shareholders. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause Daré’s actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements in this press release, including, without limitation, risks and uncertainties related to: Daré’s ability to raise additional capital when and as needed to execute its business strategy and continue as a going concern; potential suspension and delisting of Daré’s common stock from the Nasdaq Capital Market; Daré’s dependence on grants and other financial awards from governmental entities and a private foundation; Daré’s reliance on Section 503B-registered outsourcing facilities and other third parties to bring DARE to PLAY Sildenafil Cream and other solutions to market as compounded drugs or as consumer health products and facilitate access to such products and the risk that those third parties do not perform as expected; difficulties in establishing and sustaining relationships with third-party collaborators; the risk that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) could stop permitting Section 503B-registered outsourcing facilities to compound the drug substances in the proprietary formulations Daré intends to bring or brings to market or changes the conditions under which those drug substances may be used in compounding or the compounded products may be distributed; the ability of outsourcing facilities for Daré’s compounded products to maintain their registration with the FDA under Section 503B; the timing of establishing, and ability to maintain, state-required licensure or registration to enable fulfillment of prescriptions for DARE to PLAY Sildenafil Cream and other solutions brought to market via the Section 503B pathway; Daré’s inexperience, as a company, in and limited infrastructure for commercializing products; the degree of market demand and acceptance for the products Daré brings to market; competitive product launches; greater than expected costs to bring compounded drug products to market and marketing costs; shifts in consumer spending or behavior; Daré’s reliance on third parties to manufacture and conduct clinical trials and preclinical studies of its product candidates and commercialize XACIATO™ (clindamycin phosphate) vaginal gel 2% and future FDA-approved products, if any; the risk that the FDA’s 505(b)(2) pathway for drug product approval in the U.S. is not available for a product candidate as Daré anticipates; Daré’s ability to develop, obtain FDA or foreign regulatory approval for, and commercialize its product candidates and to do so on communicated timelines; failure or delay in starting, conducting and completing clinical trials of a product candidate and the inherent uncertainty of outcomes of clinical trials; Daré’s ability to design and conduct successful clinical trials, to enroll a sufficient number of patients, to meet established clinical endpoints, to avoid undesirable side effects and other safety concerns, and to demonstrate sufficient safety and efficacy of its product candidates; decisions not to make clinical study design modifications recommended by the FDA; Daré’s dependence on third parties to conduct clinical trials and manufacture and supply clinical trial material and commercial product; the risks that positive findings in early clinical and/or nonclinical studies of a product candidate may not be predictive of success in subsequent clinical and/or nonclinical studies of that candidate and that interim data or results from a particular clinical study do not necessarily predict the final results for that study; the risk that the FDA, other regulatory authorities, members of the scientific or medical communities or investors may not accept or agree with Daré’s interpretation of or conclusions regarding data from clinical studies of its product candidates; the risk that even if a pivotal clinical study achieves its primary efficacy endpoint, the FDA may determine the data package is not sufficient to support a favorable benefit-risk determination in a future marketing application; the risk that development of a product candidate requires more clinical or nonclinical studies than Daré anticipates, or that the duration of a study or number of study subjects must be significantly greater than anticipated; the loss of, or inability to attract, key personnel; product pricing and coverage and reimbursement from third-party payors; Daré’s ability to retain its licensed rights to develop and commercialize a product or product candidate; Daré’s ability to satisfy the monetary obligations and other requirements in connection with its exclusive, in-license agreements covering the critical patents and related intellectual property related to its product and product candidates; Daré’s ability to adequately protect or enforce its, or its licensor’s, intellectual property rights; disputes or other developments concerning Daré’s intellectual property rights; the lack of patent protection for the active ingredients in certain of Daré’s product candidates which could expose its products to competition from other formulations using the same active ingredients; product liability claims; governmental investigations or actions relating to Daré’s products or product candidates or the business activities of Daré, its commercial collaborators or other third parties on which Daré relies; changes in healthcare, pharmaceutical, consumer protection or privacy laws and regulatory policies; increased scrutiny from regulators; global trends toward health care cost containment; the effects of macroeconomic conditions, geopolitical events, and major changes and disruptions in U.S. government policies and operations on Daré’s ability to raise additional capital or on Daré’s operations, financial results and condition, and ability to achieve current plans and objectives; and cybersecurity incidents or similar events that compromise Daré’s technology systems and/or significantly disrupt Daré’s business or those of third parties on which it relies. Daré’s forward-looking statements are based upon its current expectations and involve assumptions that may never materialize or may prove to be incorrect. All forward-looking statements are expressly qualified in their entirety by these cautionary statements. For a detailed description of Daré’s risks and uncertainties, you are encouraged to review its documents filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), including Daré’s recent filings on Form 8-K, Form 10-K and Form 10-Q. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date on which they were made. Daré undertakes no obligation to update such statements to reflect events that occur or circumstances that exist after the date on which they were made, except as required by law. *The terms DARE to PLAY and DARE to RECLAIM describe 503B compounded drug products. Compounded drug products are not approved by the FDA. The FDA does not evaluate compounded drug products for safety, effectiveness, or quality. References to Section 503B, 503B, 503B compounding, 503B compounded product, and similar terms refer to Section 503B of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FDCA) and the production and supply of compounded drugs by Section 503B-registered outsourcing facilities without patient-specific prescriptions in accordance with Section 503B. Section 503B-registered outsourcing facilities are subject to FDA inspection and required to compound drug products under current Good Manufacturing Practice (cGMP) regulations to ensure quality, strength and consistency. **The term FDA 505(b)(2) regulatory pathway refers to Section 505(b)(2) of the FDCA, which enables an applicant to rely, in part, on the FDA’s prior findings of safety and efficacy data for an existing product, or published literature, in support of the applicant’s new drug application (NDA), providing an alternate path to FDA approval for new or improved formulations or new uses of previously approved drugs. Contact: Daré Bioscience Investor Relations innovations@darebioscience.com Source: Daré Bioscience, Inc. Source: Daré Bioscience, Inc.

神经肿瘤周报 · 第12期 2026年6月29日 — 7月5日 ◆ 本期聚焦：神经肿瘤前沿研究进展，涵盖胶质瘤免疫治疗、脑转移精准医学、脑膜瘤分子机制等领域 指标 数量 检索文献总数175篇 精选纳入荐读30篇 覆盖肿瘤类型10种 临床试验文献11篇 高影响力期刊（IF≥5）50篇 顶刊发表15篇🔥 本周热点速览 1.Nature（IF=64）：GPNMB双靶向CAR-T细胞胶质母细胞瘤免疫治疗 2.Cell death & disease（IF=64）：E3连接酶LMO7泛素化ALKBH2增敏MGMT缺陷型胶质母细胞瘤化疗 3.Cell death & disease（IF=64）：GDPPH1通过m6A修饰下调CDK4/Cyclin D1诱导胶质母细胞瘤细胞周期阻滞 4.Cell biochemistry and 新瑞 （IF=64）：The Role of RNA Helicase DHX33 in Tumorigenesis. 5.Cell death & disease（IF=64）：胶质瘤相关癌基因GLI1的动态S-棕榈酰化调控其信号活性和致瘤性 6.JAMA network open（IF=63）：避孕用孕激素与脑膜瘤发病风险的全国性队列研究一、胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）1. GPNMB双靶向CAR-T细胞胶质母细胞瘤免疫治疗 Savage Neil; Grewal Shan; Shai等. Nature（IF=64.8） 2026 7 2. PMID: 42386964 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-026-10641-1 胶质母细胞瘤恶性程度极高，现有综合治疗难以阻止复发；肿瘤内部细胞高度异质，肿瘤相关巨噬细胞构成的免疫抑制微环境是治疗失败核心诱因。开发针对GPNMB（糖蛋白非转移性黑色素瘤蛋白B）的CAR-T细胞，实现胶质母细胞瘤的肿瘤-髓系双重靶向。研究经多组学筛选得到双靶点抗原 GPNMB，GPNMB在GBM肿瘤细胞和免疫抑制性髓系细胞上均高表达，靶向 GPNMB 的 CAR-T 可同步杀伤肿瘤细胞、清除抑制性髓系细胞。在多种动物模型中长期控制肿瘤。GPNMB CAR-T细胞可同时杀伤肿瘤细胞并重塑免疫微环境，为GBM CAR-T治疗提供新靶点策略。研究意义： GPNMB CAR-T实现GBM肿瘤-免疫微环境双重靶向新策略 研究类型：原始研究 | 肿瘤类型：胶质母细胞瘤2. E3连接酶LMO7泛素化ALKBH2增敏MGMT缺陷型胶质母细胞瘤化疗 Sun Zhiming; Deng Yunfang; Liu等. Cell death & disease（IF=64.5） 2026 7 1. PMID: 42380110 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-026-09073-6 替莫唑胺（TMZ）耐药多与 MGMT 高表达相关，但 MGMT 缺失型胶质母细胞瘤仍会产生耐药，提示存在不依赖 MGMT 的 DNA 损伤修复通路。研究发现E3泛素连接酶LMO7通过促进DNA修复酶ALKBH2的泛素化降解，使MGMT启动子甲基化缺陷的GBM细胞对烷化剂化疗增敏。临床数据显示胶质瘤 ALKBH2 蛋白升高，其高表达、LMO7 低表达均提示生存期缩短。该通路是 MGMT 缺陷肿瘤替莫唑胺耐药的独立调控机制。LMO7-ALKBH2轴为克服GBM化疗耐药提供全新靶点，尤其对MGMT非甲基化的难治性患者具有治疗价值。研究意义： LMO7-ALKBH2轴为MGMT缺陷GBM化疗增敏提供新靶点 研究类型：队列研究 | 肿瘤类型：胶质母细胞瘤3. GDPPH1通过m6A修饰下调CDK4/Cyclin D1诱导胶质母细胞瘤细胞周期阻滞 Li Sijia; Yuan Ruijie; Su Jinx等. Cell death & disease（IF=64.5） 2026 7 4. PMID: 42399631 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-026-09036-x 胶质母细胞瘤是成人恶性程度最高的原发脑肿瘤，现有治疗获益有限。山竹天然活性成分 GDPPH1 具备抗氧化作用，但其抗胶质瘤机制尚不明确。研究证实 GDPPH1 可浓度依赖性抑制胶质瘤增殖，下调 CDK4、Cyclin D1，阻滞 G1/S 细胞周期并诱导凋亡。机制上，GDPPH1 通过 METTL14-YTHDF2 通路降低 CDK4、CCND1 的 m6A 甲基化，加速 mRNA 降解，减少 RB 蛋白磷酸化。异种移植与颅内原位模型验证其体内抑瘤效果。该研究证明 GDPPH1 是胶质母细胞瘤潜在治疗候选药物，阐明 m6A 甲基化调控细胞周期的全新通路。研究意义： m6A修饰调控GBM细胞周期的新靶点GDPPH1 研究类型：原始研究 | 肿瘤类型：胶质母细胞瘤二、胶质瘤1. 胶质瘤相关癌基因GLI1的动态S-棕榈酰化调控其信号活性和致瘤性 Shen Tingyu; Bao Hangyang; Wan等. Cell death & disease（IF=64.5） 2026 6 30. PMID: 42373591 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-026-09051-y Sonic Hedgehog（SHH）-GLI1 信号通路异常激活，是基底细胞癌（BCC）与 SHH 亚型髓母细胞瘤（MBₛₕₕ）的核心驱动事件。本研究阐释 GLI1 的 S - 棕榈酰化 / 去棕榈酰化修饰调控 MBₛₕₕ发病、进展的分子机制。该研究发现酰基转移酶 ZDHHC13 介导 GLI1 在 Cys1034 位点 S - 棕榈酰化，阻止 GLI1 降解、持续激活致癌通路；而去酰化酶 ABHD17A 逆转该修饰。动物实验证实敲除 Zdhhc13 抑制肿瘤进展、延长生存期。该下游调控机制不依赖 SMO，为耐药型 SHH 髓母细胞瘤提供全新治疗靶点。研究意义： GLI1棕榈酰化是SHH亚型胶质瘤潜在治疗靶点 研究类型：原始研究 | 肿瘤类型：胶质瘤2. IDH1突变疫苗治疗初诊星形细胞瘤：多中心I期临床试验最终分析临床试验 Bunse Lukas; Lindner Katharina等. Nature cancer（IF=55.0） 2026 7 2. PMID: 42387024 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-026-01199-y 报道IDH1-R132H突变特异性肽疫苗（IDH1-vac）治疗初诊IDH突变星形细胞瘤的多中心I期临床试验最终结果。评估疫苗安全性、免疫原性和初步疗效信号。IDH1-vac可诱导持久IDH1特异性T细胞反应，为IDH突变胶质瘤主动免疫治疗提供重要临床证据。NOA16 试验 8 年长期随访结果发布，IDH1-R132H 通用肽疫苗 IDH1-vac 联合标准方案治疗新诊断 IDH 突变高级别星形细胞瘤。队列 8 年总生存率 66%；其中 WHO IV 级患者中位生存期达 106.1 个月，显著优于历史数据。持续特异性抗体应答提示预后更佳，假性进展病灶证实疫苗诱导 T 细胞可浸润颅内肿瘤。该结果支撑启动 II 期随机对照研究，有望改写 IDH 突变胶质瘤治疗格局。研究意义： IDH1突变疫苗为低级别胶质瘤免疫治疗开创新途径，值得关注 研究类型：原始研究 肿瘤类型：胶质瘤3. 多胺代谢相关基因特征用于胶质瘤预后分型和免疫治疗反应预测 Hu Mengchao; Xu Liang; Hua Xia等. Neuroscience（IF=56.9） 2026 6 30. PMID: 42373010 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2026.06.039 多胺代谢参与胶质瘤进展与微环境重塑，但其预后价值及对免疫治疗的指导意义尚不明确。本研究基于转录组构建 19 基因预后特征模型，筛选 AGMAT、PSMC5、SMS 为核心标志物。通过聚类分为两类亚型：C1 亚型呈免疫抑制表型、预后差，C2 亚型免疫浸润丰富、预估免疫治疗获益更高。该特征模型可用于胶质瘤预后分层与免疫疗效预判，为靶向多胺代谢及免疫个体化策略提供理论依据。研究意义： 多胺代谢基因特征预测胶质瘤免疫治疗疗效 研究类型：队列研究 | 肿瘤类型：胶质瘤三、脑膜瘤1. 避孕用孕激素与脑膜瘤发病风险的全国性队列研究 Hasselblad Lundstrøm Nicklas; 等. JAMA network open（IF=63.1） 2026 7 2. PMID: 42390859 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.22603 脑膜瘤普遍高表达孕激素受体，孕激素是重要促增殖信号；本研究证实多种避孕用孕激素存在脑膜瘤风险差异，并非所有孕激素风险均等。基于丹麦全国人群的巢式病例对照研究证实，多种避孕孕激素与脑膜瘤发病风险升高相关。注射甲羟孕酮风险增幅最显著；去氧孕烯、醋酸环丙孕酮、屈螺酮、高剂量左炔诺孕酮宫内装置同样风险上升；低剂量左炔诺孕酮环、炔诺酮未见显著风险。用药 1 年内暴露风险最高，可为女性脑膜瘤患者避孕方案选择提供重要参考。研究意义： 避孕用孕激素与脑膜瘤风险关联的权威流行病学证据 研究类型：队列研究 | 肿瘤类型：脑膜瘤2. SWI联合常规MRI和CT鉴别颅内Rosai-Dorfman病与脑膜瘤 Lin Xiaoye; Wang Xinying; Wang等. BMC medical imaging（IF=4.8） 2026 7 2. PMID: 42387449 DOI: 10.1186/s12880-026-02550-6 颅内Rosai-Dorfman病属于组织细胞增生性病变，为良性炎症性病变，可选择保守观察、激素治疗；纤维型脑膜瘤为真性脑膜肿瘤，首选手术切除。二者常规 MRI 影像非常相似，鉴别困难探讨磁敏感加权成像（SWI）联合常规MRI和CT在鉴别颅内Rosai-Dorfman病和脑膜瘤中的诊断价值。多模态影像具备可靠鉴别特征：Rosai-Dorfman病普遍存在显著瘤周水肿、病灶全域弥漫 SWI 低信号、无钙化、病灶形态不规则；纤维型脑膜瘤钙化多见、瘤周水肿少见、无广泛 SWI 低信号。SWI 联合常规 MRI、CT 可有效辅助二者术前区分，指导治疗方案选择。研究意义： SWI影像特征避免罕见颅内病变误诊为脑膜瘤 研究类型：原始研究 类型：脑膜瘤3. 脑膜瘤中Pan-TRK表达和NTRK基因变异：与肿瘤分级和预后的关联 Zhu Yinan; Sun Mingfang; Lu Wa等. The journal of pathology. Clinical （IF=7.3） 2026 7 1. PMID: 42381583 DOI: 10.1002/2056-4538.70105 系统分析脑膜瘤中Pan-TRK蛋白表达和NTRK基因融合/突变发生率，评估其与WHO分级、增殖指数和临床预后的关系。50 例脑膜瘤中 有12 例（24.0%）泛 TRK 阳性，以胞浆染色为主（75.0%）。高级别（WHO2/3 级）脑膜瘤阳性率显著高于 1 级（46.7% vs 14.3%，P=0.031）；Ki-67≥5% 组阳性率高于 Ki-67＜5% 组（46.7% vs 14.3%，P=0.027）。其余 20 类非脑膜瘤中枢肿瘤均无泛 TRK 表达。12 例泛 TRK 阳性病例中仅 2 例（16.7%）经 FISH 检出 NTRK 基因异常，均为 WHO3 级间变性脑膜瘤，中 - 强染色更易伴随基因异常。研究发现脑膜瘤 NTRK 基因融合发生率低，泛 TRK 免疫组化阳性不能直接指导靶向用药，需基因检测进一步确认。研究意义： NTRK基因变异标记脑膜瘤TRK靶向治疗候选人群 研究类型：原始研究 | 肿瘤类型：脑膜瘤四、髓母细胞瘤1. 辐射诱导小脑重塑与致瘤转录程序的多组学特征研究 Emiliano Fratini; Ilaria De St等. Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) 2026 6 29. PMID: 42372362 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2026.101333 幼年电离辐射暴露是儿童脑肿瘤（包含髓母细胞瘤）明确危险因素，但辐射启动肿瘤发生的剂量依赖性机制尚不清晰。本研究利用Ptch1⁺/⁻ SHH 通路驱动髓母细胞瘤小鼠模型，在小鼠出生第 2 天分别给予 0.1 Gy、2 Gy γ 射线照射并长期观察；结合多组学解析小脑早期应答及肿瘤相关转录特征。研究发现高剂量辐射显著加速肿瘤发生，低剂量仅升高发病风险。高低剂量辐射诱导完全不同的表观、转录及蛋白通路改变，辐射相关肿瘤转录特征区别于自发髓母细胞瘤。该研究阐明辐射剂量塑造小脑分子重塑模式与肿瘤异质性，助力儿童放射远期致癌风险评估。研究意义： 儿童放疗远期继发肿瘤风险分层提供理论基础 研究类型：原始研究 | 肿瘤类型：髓母细胞瘤2. 儿童非典型畸胎样/横纹肌样瘤与髓母细胞瘤的MRI鉴别特征：病例对照研究 Yang Zhiming; Yue YaLi; Wu Fei等. Child's nervous system 2026 7 1. PMID: 42384062 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-026-07369-8 相较于髓母细胞瘤（MB），非典型畸胎样 / 横纹肌样瘤（AT/RT）发病率更低、发病年龄更小、预后更差；术前依靠临床及神经影像鉴别二者仍存在较大挑战。本研究评估常规 MRI 与弥散加权成像（DWI）术前区分儿童 AT/RT 与髓母细胞瘤的诊断价值。AT/RT 患儿总生存期显著短于髓母细胞瘤，病死率更高（81.4% vs 35.5%，P=0.007）。两组在 T2WI 信号、中线外生长、幕上脑室扩大、囊变、瘤内出血、瘤周水肿、病灶边界、脑脊液播散转移方面存在统计学差异（P＜0.05）；性别、发病年龄、病灶最大径、T1WI 信号、强化模式无明显区别。两组平均 ADC 值差异显著（P＜0.001），最佳临界值为 0.622 ×10⁻³ mm²/s。研究意义： MRI特征优化儿童AT/RT与髓母细胞瘤术前鉴别 研究类型：原始研究 | 肿瘤类型：髓母细胞瘤3. 高维预后模型改善儿童髓母细胞瘤生存预测 Amona Elizabeth B; Sumy Mst Sh等. BMC medical genomics 2026 7 2. PMID: 42387537 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-026-02418-2 髓母细胞瘤依据遗传、表观及转录组特征分为四大经典分子亚型：WNT 型、SHH 型、第 3 组、第 4 组，各亚型临床特征与预后差异显著。新近分类方案也将第 3、4 组合并为非 WNT / 非 SHH 亚型，体现二者生物学重叠与异质性。本研究纳入 487 例儿童及青年患者，利用超过 21000 条转录本高维表达数据，在校正分子亚型、组织学类型、MYC/MYCN 扩增、年龄（＜3 岁 / 3–21 岁）、转移状态等已知临床协变量基础上，筛选可提升生存预测精度的预后基因，并建立多阶段建模流程。FKBP4、CSNK2A2、GPC4、GATA3 等基因高表达提示预后不良，参与肿瘤进展、信号通路及免疫调控；ZNF774、COX10、FBLIM1、UNC13C 高表达预示生存更佳，参与细胞稳态调控。研究意义： 高维整合模型提升髓母细胞瘤生存预测精度 研究类型：原始研究 | 肿瘤类型：髓母细胞瘤五、脑转移瘤1. 平面神经类器官作为晚期体外模型研究患者来源脑转移瘤 Majumder Joydeb; Torr Elizabet等. Scientific reports（IF=3.8） 2026 7 4. PMID: 42399448 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-026-60314-2 肿瘤转移是癌细胞从原发灶扩散至其他器官，也是癌症患者最主要死亡原因。传统二维细胞培养与原位动物模型广泛用于转移癌研究与药物研发，但二维培养难以模拟真实组织生理特征；动物模型因物种差异，实验结果难以直接转化至人体。新兴人类类器官模型能够在接近生理状态的三维环境下重现复杂细胞相互作用。本研究利用患者来源黑色素瘤细胞、人诱导多能干细胞（iPSC）构建平面神经类器官（PNO），搭建体外黑色素瘤转移模型，观察黑色素瘤细胞增殖等转移生物学行为，并评估抗肿瘤药物干预效果。相比传统二维培养，三维平面神经类器官体系是研究黑色素瘤脑转移更优的体外平台；该体系同样具备潜力用于构建其他机制尚不明确的肿瘤转移生理模型。研究意义： 神经类器官模型革新脑转移瘤体外药物筛选 研究类型：原始研究 | 肿瘤类型：脑转移瘤2. 整合影像组学与临床因素的多模态DeepSurv模型预测脑转移瘤生存 Karabacak Mert; Patil Shiv; Ga等. Journal of clinical neuroscience（IF=2.2） 2026 7 3. PMID: 42398164 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2026.112180 精准预测脑转移瘤（BM）患者生存，对个体化治疗方案制定至关重要。影像组学与深度学习有望实现无创预后评估。本回顾性队列研究旨在基于治疗前 MRI 影像与临床数据，构建并验证深度学习模型预测脑转移瘤患者生存结局。研究构建融合 MRI 影像组学与临床特征的多模态 DeepSurv 深度学习模型，用于脑转移瘤生存预测。基于 199 例患者数据建模，测试集 C 指数达 0.725，1/3/5 年生存预测 AUROC 均超过 0.77。该模型依靠治疗前常规 MRI 实现无创预后评估，有助于脑转移瘤个体化诊疗分层，但仍有待多中心队列验证。研究意义： AI多模态融合实现脑转移瘤个体化生存预测 研究类型：队列研究 | 肿瘤类型：脑转移瘤3. 德曲妥珠单抗（T-DXd）诱导HER2低表达乳腺癌寡转移脑转移完全病理缓解 Nagl Laurenz; Horvath Lena; Am等. JTO clinical and research reports 2026 7 2. PMID: 42389472 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtocrr.2026.101023 HER2 外显子 20 插入突变是非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）罕见驱动突变。德曲妥珠单抗（T-DXd）已在后线治疗 HER2 突变转移性 NSCLC 中证实疗效，但该药一线用于寡转移人群尚无文献报道。66 岁女性，右肺肺门肿块，合并单发有症状左侧额叶脑转移。活检确诊低分化腺癌（TTF-1 阳性，PD-L1 TPS 0%），携带 ERBB2 外显子 20 插入突变（p.Y772_A775dup）。患者拒绝标准化疗与免疫治疗。制定个体化方案：脑部病灶手术切除 + 局部放疗巩固后，超说明书一线启用 T-DXd。4 周期 T-DXd 后影像学肿瘤显著缩小；后续原发灶手术切除，术后病理证实病理完全缓解（ypT0N0，R0 切除），术后继续辅助 T-DXd 治疗。该病例证实，一线单用 T-DXd 对 HER2 突变寡转移 NSCLC 具备出色抗肿瘤活性，仍需前瞻性研究系统性验证该方案的疗效与安全性。研究意义： T-DXd展现HER2低表达乳腺癌脑转移卓越颅内疗效 研究类型：病例报告 | 肿瘤类型：脑转移瘤六、室管膜瘤1. 挑战解剖学范式：后颅窝室管膜瘤的意外幕上定位 Lago Pedro Piovesan; Maschiett等. Acta neuropathologica communication（IF=6.5） 2026 7 5. PMID: 42401947 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-026-02366-z 室管膜瘤分子亚型与原发解剖分区高度相关，主要分为幕上、后颅窝及脊髓亚型。学界普遍认为后颅窝室管膜瘤起源于放射胶质样祖细胞，但不同后颅窝分子亚型确切起源细胞尚不明确。DNA 甲基化图谱能够很好反映肿瘤发育谱系与起源细胞，因此，对异位发生的室管膜瘤分子亚型开展研究，有助于揭示肿瘤起源细胞，以及胚胎和脑发育阶段潜在的细胞迁移规律。本文报道 2 例学龄男性患儿，病灶位于第三脑室 / 松果体区（幕上），经 DNA 甲基化分型确诊为后颅窝 B 组室管膜瘤。据作者所知，这是首次在后颅窝解剖区域以外检出后颅窝 B 组室管膜瘤的病例报道。研究意义： 胚胎发育期肿瘤起源祖细胞存在颅内迁移；肿瘤解剖位置不能替代分子分型 研究类型：原始研究 | 肿瘤类型：室管膜瘤2. 脊髓室管膜瘤手术切除程度、功能预后和复发因素分析 Paker Berkay; Ertem Önder; Yıl等. European spine journal（IF=3.0） 2026 7 3. PMID: 42397573 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-026-10147-4 系统分析脊髓室管膜瘤手术切除程度对功能预后和复发的影响。本研究回顾 48 例脊髓室管膜瘤手术病例，3 年 PFS 84%、OS 94%。安全全切能够显著改善肿瘤控制；次全切除、WHO 3 级、Ki-67＞3% 提示不良预后。相比改良 McCormick 分级，KPS 更适合评估术后功能状态。髓内与髓外肿瘤生存无明显差异，最大限度安全切除仍是脊髓室管膜瘤首选治疗策略。研究意义： 脊髓室管膜瘤GTR与功能保护的平衡策略 研究类型：综述 | 肿瘤类型：室管膜瘤3. 硬脊膜内脊髓室管膜瘤的影像学、组织病理与手术结局综合分析 Tiryaki Mehmet; Alioglu Halit;等. World neurosurgery（IF=1.8） 2026 6 30. PMID: 42372910 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2026.125162 脊髓室管膜瘤是成人最常见髓内原发脊髓肿瘤，在解剖位置、病理类型与手术预后方面存在明显异质性。传统简单划分为髓内、髓外亚型容易忽略重要临床差异。本研究建立新解剖分层体系：脊髓实质型、圆锥型、终丝型，以此分析硬膜下脊髓室管膜瘤影像特征、病理特点与手术疗效。颈胸段脊髓实质肿瘤术前神经功能更差、远期恢复欠佳；终丝肿瘤预后最优；圆锥肿瘤临床特征介于两者之间。7% 患者出现柔脑膜播散，这类病例 Ki-67 指数更高。硬膜下脊髓室管膜瘤存在显著解剖相关异质性。病灶位置显著影响临床表现、手术难度与神经功能预后；圆锥区室管膜瘤生物学行为介于脊髓实质肿瘤与终丝肿瘤之间，建议单独划分为独立临床亚组。研究意义： 影像病理特征指导脊髓室管膜瘤个体化手术决策 研究类型：原始研究 | 肿瘤类型：室管膜瘤七、DIPG1. 多抗原靶向T细胞治疗儿童中枢神经系统肿瘤：I期临床试验 Gomez Stephanie; DiCioccio Rac等. Nature medicine（IF=58.7） 2026 7 1. PMID: 42380677 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04449-9 报道多抗原靶向肿瘤特异性T细胞（TAA-T）治疗复发/难治性儿童CNS肿瘤的I期临床试验结果。TAA-T可同时识别WT1、PRAME和Survivin三种肿瘤抗原，评估安全性、最大耐受剂量和初步疗效。Ⅰ 期 ReMIND 试验评估靶向 WT1、PRAME、survivin 三价非基因改造自体 T 细胞治疗儿童中枢肿瘤。最大耐受剂量确定为 8×10⁷细胞 /m²，治疗整体耐受性尚可，需警惕瘤体水肿加重。复发队列中 3 例获得长期无病生存（含 1 例 CR）。试验达到安全性与可行性终点，初步显示抗肿瘤活性，为儿童难治性脑肿瘤免疫治疗提供新思路。研究意义： 多靶点TAA-T细胞治疗儿童复发CNS肿瘤初显安全性和疗效 研究类型：原始研究 | 肿瘤类型：DIPG2. 可调纳米颗粒薄膜揭示弥漫中线胶质瘤中俄歇电子介导辐射增敏的距离依赖性 Al-Husseini Jacob K; Upreti Me等. ACS nano（IF=15.8） 2026 7 3. PMID: 42394610 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6c05629 研究者构建间距可调纳米颗粒薄膜体系，在纳米尺度定量研究弥漫中线胶质瘤纳米放疗增敏机制。俄歇电子介导的 DNA 损伤效应高度依赖颗粒与细胞距离，在约 26 nm 处增敏最强，距离拉大后效应快速衰减。不同射线辐照具备独特衰减特征。该结果提示，开发胶质瘤纳米放疗制剂需要保证纳米颗粒近距离作用于肿瘤细胞核。研究意义： 纳米增敏精准剂量学优化DIPG放疗策略 研究类型：原始研究 | 肿瘤类型：DIPG3. 肿瘤靶向pan-RAS抑制剂作为弥漫性中线胶质瘤新型生物治疗 Sbergio Stefanie-Grace; Liang 等. Neuro-oncology（IF=12.3） 2026 6 29. PMID: 42371788 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noag148 探索pan-RAS抑制剂在H3K27M突变弥漫性中线胶质瘤（DMG/DIPG）中的治疗潜力。RAS信号通路异常激活是DMG的重要驱动机制，pan-RAS抑制剂可克服单一RAS亚型抑制的耐药性。该研究证实 H3K27M 弥漫中线胶质瘤（DIPG）高度依赖 RAS/MAPK 通路。研究者构建靶向 TEM8 受体的泛 RAS 降解生物制剂，可在低浓度诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡。动物模型显示，通过对流增强局部输注药物能够抑制肿瘤、延长生存期。该首创生物制剂为无法药物靶向野生型 RAS 的 DIPG 开辟全新治疗思路。研究意义： pan-RAS抑制剂开启DIPG分子靶向治疗新方向 研究类型：原始研究 | 肿瘤类型：DIPG八、脊索瘤1. 颅底脊索瘤临床治疗结局的单中心回顾分析 Muthiah Nallammai; Gersey Zach等. Journal of neurosurgery（IF=3.5） 2026 7 3. PMID: 42398106 DOI: 10.3171/2026.1.JNS251263 回顾性分析颅底脊索瘤手术切除+质子/重离子放疗的综合治疗结局。单中心 19 年 269 次颅底脊索瘤手术回顾。全切患者平均无进展生存期可达 103.5 个月，显著优于近全切与次全切。既往放疗会降低全切机会；随内镜颅底手术经验积累，全切率由 7.7% 提升至 78%。研究证实，手术全切是改善颅底脊索瘤疾病控制最重要的预后因素。研究意义： 颅底脊索瘤综合治疗远期疗效和预后因素分析 研究类型：综述 | 肿瘤类型：脊索瘤2. IMPT治疗脊索瘤中额外PRV约束对靶区覆盖和正常组织保护的影响 Sundar Sham; Chilukuri Sriniva等. Radiation oncology (London, England（IF=3.1） 2026 7 5. PMID: 42401967 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-026-02866-1 在调强质子治疗（IMPT）中，当靶区与危及器官（OAR）间距极近时，在直接鲁棒优化基础上额外增加类计划危及器官体积（PRV）约束能否获益尚不明确。本研究以椎旁脊索瘤为模型，评估椎管 / 硬膜囊类 PRV 约束能否更好保护危及器官，或是损害靶区剂量覆盖。以椎旁脊索瘤为模型，对比两种 IMPT 鲁棒优化策略。当肿瘤紧邻脊髓时，在脊髓直接鲁棒优化基础上增加椎管 PRV 约束会显著降低靶区剂量，难以满足处方要求。无额外 PRV 约束方案兼顾靶区覆盖、计划鲁棒性并维持脊髓安全剂量。PRV 约束更适合肿瘤与脊髓存在间隙或再程放疗病例。研究意义： PRV约束优化脊索瘤质子治疗计划的鲁棒性与安全性 研究类型：原始研究 | 肿瘤类型：脊索瘤3. 引发神经根病的腰椎硬膜外骨外脊索源性病变：脊索旁瘤与脊索瘤鉴别病例报道 Greene Karl A; Lee Anthony K; 等. Journal of neurosurgery. Case lesso（IF=0.5） 2026 6 29. PMID: 42372302 DOI: 10.3171/CASE26203 报道全球首例腰椎椎间孔起源、压迫神经根的脊索旁瘤（EP）。病灶术前 MRI 酷似椎间盘突出，显微完整切除后症状完全缓解，39 个月随访无复发。EP 与骨外脊索瘤免疫、影像高度重叠，鉴别需结合病灶大小、骨质破坏及细胞增殖活性；EP 生物学惰性，单纯手术即可治愈，二者诊断直接影响后续辅助治疗策略。研究意义： 微小椎间孔脊源性病灶易误诊为椎间盘突出 研究类型：原始研究 | 肿瘤类型：脊索瘤九、垂体腺瘤1. 纱布擦拭技术辅助垂体瘤安全分离切除 Matsuda Tatsuma; Horiguchi Ken等. Pituitary（IF=3.5） 2026 7 2. PMID: 42390676 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-026-01717-2 介绍纱布擦拭技术在经蝶垂体瘤切除术中安全分离肿瘤与正常垂体组织的显微外科技术要点。该技术可减少对正常垂体和垂体柄的机械性牵拉损伤，降低术后内分泌功能障碍发生率。研究证实纱条擦拭技术安全可行，可作为垂体腺瘤边界分离的可选术式。研究意义： 简单实用的垂体瘤微创分离技术改善内分泌预后 研究类型：队列研究 | 肿瘤类型：垂体瘤2. 垂体转移瘤作为内分泌-神经-眼科急症：单中心队列的临床预警征象与预后 Marcayata José Calixto Llumiqu等. Pituitary（IF=3.5） 2026 7 1. PMID: 42384249 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-026-01715-4 研究纳入 14 例垂体转移瘤，患者常同时合并垂体功能减退、中枢性尿崩与视力障碍，部分急性发病酷似垂体卒中。乳腺癌为最常见原发灶；鞍区大肿块但泌乳素仅轻度上升是重要鉴别特征。该病预后极差，确诊后中位生存期仅 6.5 个月。肿瘤患者出现鞍区占位伴尿崩需警惕垂体转移。研究意义： 垂体转移瘤急诊识别和多学科紧急干预策略 研究类型：队列研究 | 肿瘤类型：垂体瘤3. 无功能性垂体腺瘤的临床决策：澳大利亚和新西兰神经外科医生调查 Mignone Edward; Saran Frank; P等. Pituitary（IF=3.5） 2026 7 3. PMID: 42397634 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-026-01716-3 调查澳大利亚和新西兰神经外科医生在无功能性垂体腺瘤管理中的临床决策模式，包括手术指征、随访策略和多学科协作偏好。诊疗差异显著的领域：眼科评估方案、复查影像间隔、术后 MRI 与视野复查时间、多学科 MDT 转诊比例。垂体亚专科内分泌医师相比普通内分泌医师，更倾向提交 MDT 讨论、了解转诊外科医生病例体量，且更少选择术后即刻检测血皮质醇。研究提示，亟需制定无功能垂体腺瘤专项诊疗指南，统一临床实践。研究意义： NFPA临床管理决策差异呼唤标准化指南 研究类型：原始研究 | 肿瘤类型：垂体瘤十、其他神经肿瘤1. 从肿瘤中心论到生态系统假说：脑肿瘤研究和治疗的新范式转变 Gavard Julie; Bénard Flavie; B等. Molecular oncology（IF=7.3） 2026 7 4. PMID: 42400318 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.70298 脑肿瘤研究和治疗的范式转变——从传统肿瘤细胞中心论转向肿瘤生态系统整体观。强调肿瘤微环境中神经元、胶质细胞、免疫细胞、血管和代谢物等构成的复杂生态系统对肿瘤行为的决定性影响。研究范式正在从以肿瘤细胞为中心转向生态系统视角，整合肿瘤细胞、微环境信号、发育背景以及以患者为中心的多元维度。患者来源模型、多组学、空间技术与人工智能推动肿瘤分型迭代，不断发掘全新治疗靶点。研究意义： 肿瘤生态系统观重塑脑肿瘤研究范式 研究类型：原始研究 | 肿瘤类型：其他神经肿瘤2. 中枢神经系统恶性肿瘤中的多胺：劫持神经与免疫信号通路的阳性电荷 “元凶” Rana Ayush B; Welford Scott M等. Amino acids 2026 7 5. PMID: 42400668 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-026-03538-w 哺乳动物多胺（腐胺、亚精胺、精胺）是广泛存在的聚阳离子物质，早已被证实对细胞增殖、分化及存活至关重要。传统观点仅将其视作促进细胞生长的代谢底物；近年研究发现，多胺还是多种生理、病理状态下细胞间信号的关键调控分子。多胺通过细胞间转运、调控离子通道、结合细胞膜受体等方式，调控复杂信号网络，既参与神经系统神经递质传递，也调控免疫系统细胞因子信号。多种恶性肿瘤，尤其是中枢神经系统肿瘤，可利用神经调节、免疫调节环路，劫持神经与免疫信号通路，维持自身增殖并逃避免疫监视。攻克这类高度恶性肿瘤，需要整合多学科视角。当前已有临床试验尝试阻断脑肿瘤内多胺合成与转运。深入阐明多胺介导肿瘤 - 宿主相互作用机制，有助于最大化抗肿瘤疗效、降低正常组织毒性。本文综述整合肿瘤生物学、免疫学、神经科学进展，系统阐述多胺调控细胞间信号的机制、相关通路在脑肿瘤进展中的作用，以及由此衍生的诊断与治疗靶点。研究意义： 多胺代谢通路成为CNS肿瘤代谢治疗新靶标 研究类型：临床试验 | 肿瘤类型：其他神经肿瘤3. 混合量子-经典框架用于MRI脑肿瘤分割与分类 Soliman Naglaa F; Shukla Prash等. Scientific reports（IF=3.8） 2026 7 4. PMID: 42399301 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-026-58823-1 利用磁共振影像（MRI）评估脑肿瘤，对疾病诊断、治疗方案制定及预后判断至关重要。但肿瘤内部高度异质性、病灶边界模糊、影像特征高维、解剖结构复杂非线性关联，给 MRI 脑肿瘤分析带来巨大挑战。新兴量子机器学习（QML）研究表明：量子特征编码可将复杂数据映射至维度呈指数扩增的希尔伯特空间，能够更好表征传统模型难以拟合的非线性模式与特征关联。提出QFormer-Brain 混合量子 - 经典框架，以 Swin-UNETR 完成病灶分割，结合变分量子电路挖掘高阶非线性影像特征。基于 BraTS2021 数据集测试，模型分割与分类指标优于多种经典深度学习网络。研究证明量子表征学习能够提升复杂脑肿瘤影像的特征提取效能。研究意义： 量子机器学习在脑肿瘤MRI影像分析中的创新应用 研究类型：原始研究 | 肿瘤类型：其他神经肿瘤本期核心研究方向 研究方向 核心进展 发表期刊 胶质母细胞瘤 GPNMB双靶向CAR-T细胞胶质母细胞瘤免疫治疗 Nature（IF=64.8） 胶质母细胞瘤 E3连接酶LMO7泛素化ALKBH2增敏MGMT缺陷型胶 Cell death & disease（IF=64.5） 胶质母细胞瘤 GDPPH1通过m6A修饰下调CDK4/Cyclin D Cell death & disease（IF=64.5） 胶质母细胞瘤 The Role of RNA Helicase DHX Cell biochemist（IF=64.5） 胶质瘤 胶质瘤相关癌基因GLI1的动态S-棕榈酰化调控其信号活性 Cell death & disease（IF=64.5） 脑膜瘤 避孕用孕激素与脑膜瘤发病风险的全国性队列研究 JAMA network op（IF=63.1） 胶质瘤 IDH1突变疫苗治疗初诊星形细胞瘤：多中心I期临床试验最 Nature cancer（IF=55.0） 本周共检索175篇神经肿瘤相关文献，覆盖10种肿瘤类型，汇总涵盖胶质母细胞瘤、胶质瘤、脑膜瘤、髓母细胞瘤、DIPG、脊索瘤、垂体瘤等十大类中枢神经系统肿瘤。胶质母细胞瘤方面涌现 GPNMB 双靶向 CAR‑T、LMO7‑ALKBH2 化疗增敏、天然化合物 GDPPH1 等新靶点；IDH1‑R132H 肽疫苗 Ⅰ 期长期随访数据亮眼，为胶质瘤主动免疫治疗提供高级别证据。脑膜瘤研究揭示避孕孕激素发病风险差异，SWI 影像可鉴别易混淆颅内病变。髓母细胞瘤聚焦辐射致癌机制、MRI 术前鉴别、高维转录组预后模型。DIPG 报道三价 T 细胞免疫治疗、纳米放疗增敏、pan‑RAS 靶向制剂。脊索瘤、脊髓室管膜瘤侧重手术、质子放疗策略与病理‑解剖分型。垂体瘤关注手术技术改良与垂体转移瘤急症识别。同时类器官、量子 AI 影像、肿瘤生态系统理论等新技术新理念不断推进，为脑肿瘤精准诊疗带来新思路。 医学进展如江河，每周都在向前流。 关注医林演艺，为您带来神经肿瘤领域最有价值的研究进展，希望这些信息能对您的临床决策和科研工作有所帮助。 如果觉得有用，欢迎转发和点赞 🙏 — 医林演艺 · 神经肿瘤研究进展周报 第12期 —数据来源：PubMed