Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Acetazolamide Versus Metolazone as an Adjunct to Standard Therapy in Patients With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure

This clinical trial aims to compare the efficacy and safety of acetazolamide versus metolazone as adjunctive treatments to standard therapy in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). ADHF is a life-threatening condition, and current treatments often involve loop diuretics to alleviate volume overload. This study will assess the added benefit of acetazolamide and metolazone in improving decongestion, reducing hospital stays, and preventing complications such as renal dysfunction or electrolyte imbalances. Participants will be randomized to receive either acetazolamide or metolazone in addition to standard diuretic therapy. The trial will evaluate primary outcomes including successful decongestion, in-hospital mortality, and length of hospital stay, with secondary outcomes focusing on renal function, electrolyte disturbances, and overall safety. The study is conducted at Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur, and aims to provide valuable insights into the management of ADHF, especially in the Pakistani population.

开始日期2025-10-11

申办/合作机构

University of Health Sciences Lahore

NCT06521476

/ Recruiting临床2期IIT

Impact of Acetazolamide on Central Sleep Apnea Patients Receiving Medication for Opioid Use Disorder

Patients with opioid use disorder treated with either methadone or buprenorphine are at risk of developing central sleep apnea (CSA) from these medications. Investigators will conduct a mechanistic trial using acetazolamide, a medicine known to improve CSA in other settings, to determine if acetazolamide can improve CSA due to medication for opioid use disorder and whether this leads to physiologic changes that might lead to reduced drug craving. Patients treated with medication for opioid use disorder and who have central sleep apnea will be randomized to treatment with acetazolamide or matching placebo for 7 days. At the end of the 7 days, they will undergo an overnight sleep study to assess the impact on breathing during sleep as well as sleep quality. In addition, measures of sympathetic tone, anxiety, arousal, cognition, and drug craving will be measured to determine if treatment of CSA with acetazolamide can produce physiologic changes that might contribute to improved health.

开始日期2025-10-01

申办/合作机构

University of Pittsburgh

[+1]

NCT07101250

/ Not yet recruiting临床4期IIT

Preoperative Acetazolamide for Improved Pain Control Following Laparoscopic Hysterectomy

The goal of this randomized study looks at whether giving patients a medicine called acetazolamide (also called Diamox) before they have laparoscopic hysterectomy may decrease postoperative pain. Researchers will compare acetazolamide to a placebo or inactive drug, to see if acetazolamide helps the pain that may occur after surgery from the gas used in the abdomen during the laparoscopic procedure. Patients will be asked to rate their pain before surgery and after surgery through 24 hours.

开始日期2025-09-15

申办/合作机构

Prisma Health

100 项与乙酰唑胺相关的临床结果

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100 项与乙酰唑胺相关的转化医学

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100 项与乙酰唑胺相关的专利（医药）

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项与乙酰唑胺相关的文献（医药）

2026-01-01·AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY

Efficacy and Safety of Different Combinations of Add-on Diuretic Therapy in Acute Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Article

作者: Tallaj, Jose A ; Dayto, Denisse Camille ; Girgis, Julia G ; Joly, Joanna M ; Reljic, Tea ; Colombo, Rosario A ; Katz, Jason N ; Sephien, Andrew ; Kumar, Ambuj ; Tsalatsanis, Athanasios

Patients hospitalized with acute heart failure (HF) may experience diuretic resistance and require an add-on agent despite increasing loop diuretic dosage. While randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have compared add-on therapy to loop diuretics only, sparse literature exists on direct comparisons between various add-on therapies. We performed a systematic review and network meta-analysis of RCTs to assess the efficacy and safety of different diuretic add-on therapies in patients hospitalized with acute HF. Any RCT evaluating the effect of add-on diuretic therapy in patients hospitalized with acute HF was eligible for inclusion. A systematic search of EMBASE and PubMed was conducted until March 29, 2024. The primary outcome was the hospital length of stay. Data was pooled using a random-effects model for direct comparisons. A network meta-analysis using frequentist methods was performed under random-effects multiple treatment comparisons. We assessed ranking probability using the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) method. Of the 1,103 references, 29 RCTs enrolling 8,362 patients met the eligibility and were included. For the direct comparisons, there was no significant difference in hospital length of stay (MD -0.42, 95% CI= -0.87,0.02). Ranking probability based on SUCRA indicated that acetazolamide had the highest likelihood of being the best treatment for shorter hospital length of stay (SUCRA, 0.89), followed by SGLT2i (SUCRA, 0.70). The certainty of estimates for all outcomes ranged from moderate to very low. In conclusion, the efficacy of add-on therapy was associated with reduced hospital length of stay. Albeit uncertain, the results from NMA provide initial evidence suggesting there may be optimal treatment strategies to decongest patients with HF to achieve and maintain euvolemia. However, well-designed direct comparison RCTs are needed to increase the certainty of the estimates. Protocol registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023476669).

2025-12-31·Pulmonology

High altitudes and partial pressure of arterial oxygen in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - A systematic review and meta-analysis

Review

作者: Sevik, A. ; Forrer, A. ; Gaisl, T. ; Bloch, K.E. ; Graf, L. ; Lichtblau, M. ; Furian, M. ; Ulrich, S.

IMPORTANCE:

Prior study in healthy subjects has shown a reduction of partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO₂) by -1.60 kPa/kilometre of altitude gain. However, the association of altitude-related change in PaO₂ and altitude-related adverse health effects (ARAHE) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remain unknown.

OBJECTIVE:

To provide an effect size estimate for the decline in PaO₂ with each kilometre of altitude gain and to identify ARAHE in relation to altitude in patients with COPD. www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero: CRD42020217938.

DATA SOURCES:

A systematic search of PubMed and Embase was performed from inception to May 30, 2023.

STUDY SELECTION:

Peer-reviewed and prospective studies in patients with COPD staying at altitudes >1500 m providing arterial blood gases within the first 3 days at the target altitude.

DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS:

Aggregate data (AD) on study characteristics were extracted, and individual patient data (IPD) were requested. Estimates were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis.

MAIN OUTCOME AND MEASURES:

Relative risk estimates and 95 % confidence intervals for the association between PaO₂ and altitude in patients with COPD.

RESULTS:

Thirteen studies were included in the AD analysis, of which 6 studies (222 patients, 45.2 % female) provided IPD, thus were included in the quantitative analysis. The estimated effect size of PaO₂ was -0.84 kPa [95 %CI, -0.92 to -0.76] per 1000 m of altitude gain (I²=65.0 %, P < 0.001). In multivariable regression analysis, COPD severity, baseline PaO₂, age and time spent at altitude were predictors for PaO₂ at altitude. Overall, 37.8 % of COPD patients experienced an ARAHE, whereas older age, female sex, COPD severity, baseline PaO_2, and target altitude were predictors for the occurrence of ARAHE (area under ROC curve: 0.9275, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE:

This meta-analysis, providing altitude-related decrease in PaO₂ and risk of ARAHE in patients with COPD ascending to altitudes >1500 m, revealed a lower altitude-related decrease in PaO₂ in COPD patients compared with healthy. However, these findings might improve patient care and facilitate decisions about initiating preventive measures against hypoxaemia and ARAHE in patients with COPD planning an altitude sojourn or intercontinental flight, i.e. supplemental oxygen or acetazolamide.

2025-12-31·Pulmonology

Early effects of acetazolamide on hemoglobin mass and plasma volume in chronic mountain sickness at 5100 m

Article

作者: Salazar-Granara, A.A. ; Doutreleau, S. ; Verges, S. ; Pina, A. ; Guergour, D. ; Connes, P. ; Pichon, A. ; Hancco, I. ; Champigneulle, B. ; Howe, C.A. ; Robach, P. ; Stauffer, E. ; Brugniaux, J.V.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES:

Chronic Mountain Sickness (CMS) syndrome, combining excessive erythrocytosis and clinical symptoms in highlanders, remains a public health concern in high-altitude areas, especially in the Andes, with limited therapeutic approaches. The objectives of this study were to assess in CMS-highlanders permanently living in La Rinconada (5100-5300 m, Peru, the highest city in the world), the early efficacy of acetazolamide (ACZ) and atorvastatin to reduce hematocrit (Hct), as well as the underlying mechanisms focusing on intravascular volumes.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Forty-one males (46±8 years of age) permanently living in La Rinconada for 15 [10-20] years and suffering from CMS were randomized between ACZ (250 mg once-daily; N = 13), atorvastatin (20 mg once-daily; N = 14) or placebo (N = 14) uptake in a double-blinded parallel study. Hematocrit (primary endpoint) as well as arterial blood gasses, total hemoglobin mass (Hb_mass) and intravascular volumes were assessed at baseline and after a mean (±SD) treatment duration of 19±2 days.

RESULTS:

ACZ increased PaO₂ by +13.4% (95% CI: 4.3 to 22.5%) and decreased Hct by -5.2% (95% CI: -8.3 to -2.2%), whereas Hct remained unchanged with placebo or atorvastatin. ACZ tended to decrease Hb_mass (-2.6%, 95% CI: -5.7 to 0.5%), decreased total red blood cell volume (RBCV, -5.3%, 95% CI: -10.3 to -0.3%) and increased plasma volume (PV, +17.6%, 95% CI: 4.9 to 30.3%). Atorvastatin had no effect on intravascular volumes, while Hb_mass and RBCV increased in the placebo group (+6.1%, 95% CI: 4.2 to 7.9% and +7.0%, 95%CI: 2.7 to 11.4%, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS:

Short-term ACZ uptake was effective to reduce Hct in CMS-highlanders living at extreme altitude >5,000 m and was associated with both an increase in PV and a reduction in RBCV.

项与乙酰唑胺相关的新闻（医药）

2025-08-12

·PRNewswire

Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Therapy Market Gains Momentum with Expanding Oncology Applications | DelveInsight

Over the last ten years, cell-based immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach for treating solid tumors. Several companies, including Iovance Biotherapeutics, Obsidian Therapeutics, Biosyngen, KSQ Therapeutics, and others, are currently engaged in the development and production of TIL therapies, which have the potential to significantly impact and enhance the TIL therapies market. LAS VEGAS, Aug. 12, 2025 /PRNewswire/ -- DelveInsight's Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Therapies Market Size, Target Population, Competitive Landscape & Market Forecast report includes a comprehensive understanding of current treatment practices, addressable patient population, which includes top indications such as melanoma, cervical cancer, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), endometrial cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), colorectal cancer, and other solid tumors. The selected indications are based on approved therapies and ongoing pipeline activity. The report also provides insights into the emerging tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapies, market share of individual therapies, and current and forecasted market size from 2020 to 2034, segmented into 7MM. Key Takeaways from the Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Therapies Market Report As per DelveInsight's analysis, the total market size of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapies in the 7MM is expected to surge significantly by 2034. The report provides the total potential number of patients in the indications, such as melanoma, cervical cancer, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), endometrial cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), colorectal cancer, and other solid tumors. Leading tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapies companies, such as Obsidian Therapeutics, Biosyngen, KSQ Therapeutics, and others, are developing novel tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapies that can be available in the tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapies market in the coming years. Some of the key tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapies in the pipeline include OBX-115, BST02, KSQ-001 EX, KSQ-004 EX, and others. In June 2025, Iovance Biotherapeutics announced that the Journal of Clinical Oncology has published the final analysis from the Phase II C-144-01 clinical trial evaluating the individualized T cell therapy AMTAGVI in patients with advanced melanoma. These five-year follow-up results are being simultaneously presented during an oral session today at the 2025 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting. In June 2025, Obsidian Therapeutics announced initial Phase I safety and efficacy data from the Phase I/II Agni-01 multicenter study of OBX-115 a summarized the data will be presented by the Director and Chief Administrative Officer of UofL Health – Brown Cancer Center/Oncology Service Line at the 2025 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting. In April 2025, KSQ Therapeutics announced the first patient dosed in the Phase I/II clinical study of KSQ-004EX, a novel CRISPR-engineered Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocyte (eTIL) therapy. KSQ-004EX consists of eTIL in which the SOCS1 and Regnase-1 genes are inactivated by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, giving it the potential to be a best-in-class treatment for a variety of solid tumor indications. KSQ's CRISPRomics platform identified SOCS1 and Regnase-1 as key genes inhibiting the ability of TIL to eradicate solid tumors in preclinical models. Discover which indication is expected to grab the major tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapies market share @ Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Therapies Market Report Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Therapies Market Dynamics The tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapies market is poised for transformative growth, driven by increasing interest in personalized and cell-based immunotherapies for solid tumors. The market gained significant momentum following the U.S. FDA approval of Iovance Biotherapeutics' AMTAGVI in 2024 for advanced melanoma, marking the first regulatory validation of a TIL therapy and paving the way for wider clinical adoption and investor confidence. A major driver of the market is the growing unmet need in solid tumor treatment, where conventional immunotherapies like checkpoint inhibitors have limited efficacy for many patients. TIL therapies offer a more tailored solution, capable of overcoming tumor immune evasion by targeting multiple neoantigens. Advances in cell manufacturing, automation, and closed-system bioprocessing are also contributing to improved scalability and reduced turnaround times, addressing one of the historic limitations of TILs, the complex and time-intensive production process. The competitive landscape is becoming increasingly dynamic, with numerous biotechnology firms and academic institutions entering the TIL space. Strategic partnerships, technology licensing, and mergers & acquisitions are prevalent as players aim to build robust manufacturing capabilities and differentiate their platforms using gene editing, selection techniques, or combination regimens with checkpoint inhibitors. However, the market faces several challenges, including high production costs, patient-specific manufacturing logistics, and the need for specialized infrastructure. Reimbursement hurdles, regulatory complexities, and the need for biomarker-based patient selection also represent significant barriers to widespread commercialization. Nonetheless, continued progress in artificial intelligence for neoantigen identification, cryopreservation methods, and decentralized manufacturing models could mitigate many of these issues over time. In conclusion, the TIL therapies market is at an inflection point, transitioning from early-stage development to commercial viability. The combination of strong clinical data, regulatory tailwinds, and technological innovation is expected to drive robust growth in the coming decade. As more TIL therapies move into late-stage trials and receive regulatory approval, their role in the broader oncology treatment landscape is likely to expand, especially for cancers with high unmet needs and limited therapeutic options. Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Therapies Treatment Market TIL therapies represent a new generation of personalized immunotherapy designed to leverage a patient's own immune system to combat solid tumors. This approach involves extracting TILs from a patient's tumor, expanding and modifying them outside the body, and then reinfusing them to stimulate a targeted immune response. After years of academic research, the field reached a significant milestone in 2024 with the FDA approval of AMTAGVI by Iovance Biotherapeutics for treating advanced melanoma. AMTAGVI is an autologous T cell therapy derived from a patient's tumor, approved for adult patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma who have previously received a PD-1 inhibitor. For those with a BRAF V600 mutation, prior treatment with a BRAF inhibitor, with or without a MEK inhibitor, is also required. Although its exact mechanism of action is not fully understood, AMTAGVI is believed to work by utilizing the patient's own TILs. These TILs naturally develop in response to cancer and are capable of recognizing and attacking tumor-specific markers. However, as cancer progresses, the effectiveness of these native TILs diminishes. AMTAGVI seeks to restore and enhance its function by reintroducing activated TILs into the patient. The therapy is also being evaluated in late-stage clinical trials, both as a standalone treatment and in combination with pembrolizumab, for other cancers such as non-small cell lung cancer and cervical cancer. Learn more about the tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapies @ Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Therapies Analysis Key Emerging Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Therapies and Companies TIL therapies have a pipeline, with candidates such as O BX-115, BST02, KSQ-001 EX, and KSQ-004 EX in early Phase (I/II) trials targeting diverse indications like advanced gastric, gastroesophageal junction, and other solid tumors. OBX‑115 is an advanced tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy developed using Obsidian's proprietary cytoDRIVE platform. This therapy involves genetically modifying TILs to express membrane-bound interleukin-15 (mbIL‑15), which enhances T cell proliferation, durability, and antitumor effectiveness—eliminating the need for high-dose IL‑2, a key source of toxicity in traditional TIL therapies. The OBX‑115 TILs are engineered to produce mbIL‑15 linked to a drug-responsive domain, enabling controlled, dose-dependent increases in mbIL‑15 levels when an FDA-approved stabilizing agent, acetazolamide (ACZ), is administered. This approach further removes the requirement for IL‑2. In September 2024, Obsidian Therapeutics announced that the U.S. FDA granted OBX‑115 Regenerative Medicine Advanced Therapy (RMAT) designation for treating patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma that no longer responds to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The anticipated launch of these emerging therapies are poised to transform the tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapies market landscape in the coming years. As these cutting-edge therapies continue to mature and gain regulatory approval, they are expected to reshape the tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapies market landscape, offering new standards of care and unlocking opportunities for medical innovation and economic growth. To know more about tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapies clinical trials, visit @ Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Therapies Treatment Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Therapies Overview Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy is an advanced type of adoptive cell therapy (ACT) that involves isolating naturally occurring, polyclonal T cells from within a patient's tumor microenvironment, expanding them outside the body, and reintroducing them after the patient undergoes non-myeloablative lymphodepletion. Unlike engineered approaches such as CAR-T or TCR therapies, TIL therapy leverages the natural tumor-targeting ability of the patient's own T cells, which are already primed to detect a broad range of tumor-specific neoantigens. The strategy is based on the idea that these tumor-resident T cells can generate a more effective and biologically relevant immune response. Once infused back into the patient, the expanded TILs can survive, home in on tumor sites, and exert cytotoxic effects on cancer cells. This approach has shown lasting clinical responses, especially in immunologically active cancers like metastatic melanoma, cervical cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including in cases resistant to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Therapies Epidemiology Segmentation The tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapies market report proffers epidemiological analysis for the study period 2020–2034 in the 7MM, segmented into: Total Cases of Selected Indications for TIL Therapies Total Eligible Patients of the Selected Indications of TIL Therapies Total Treated Cases in Selected Indications for TIL Therapies Scope of the Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Therapies Market Report Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Therapies Therapeutic Assessment: Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Therapies' current marketed and emerging therapies Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Therapies Market Dynamics: Conjoint Analysis of Emerging Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Therapies Drugs Competitive Intelligence Analysis: SWOT analysis and Market entry strategies Unmet Needs, KOL's views, Analyst's views, Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Therapies Market Access and Reimbursement Discover more about tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapies in development @ Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Therapies Clinical Trials Table of Contents Related Reports Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Market Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Market Insights, Epidemiology, and Market Forecast – 2034 report delivers an in-depth understanding of the disease, historical and forecasted epidemiology, as well as the market trends, market drivers, market barriers, and key NSCLC companies, including AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Takeda, Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine, Eli Lilly and Company, Merck, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Roche, Shanghai Henlius Biotech, AbbVie, Daiichi Sankyo, Nuvation Bio, PDC*line Pharma, Moderna Therapeutics, Pfizer, GSK, Gilead Sciences, BieGene, Nuvalent, among others. Melanoma Market Melanoma Market Insights, Epidemiology, and Market Forecast – 2034 report delivers an in-depth understanding of the disease, historical and forecasted epidemiology, as well as the market trends, market drivers, market barriers, and key melanoma companies, including Incyte Corporation, Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, Pfizer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Medarex, BioVex Limited, Amgen, IO Biotech, Celgene, among others. Endometrial Cancer Market Endometrial Cancer Market Insights, Epidemiology, and Market Forecast – 2034 report delivers an in-depth understanding of the disease, historical and forecasted epidemiology, as well as the market trends, market drivers, market barriers, and key endometrial cancer companies, including GlaxoSmithKline, Merck & Co., AstraZeneca, Karyopharm Therapeutics, Evergreen Therapeutics, Incyte Corporation, among others. Cervical Cancer Market Cervical Cancer Market Insights, Epidemiology, and Market Forecast – 2034 report delivers an in-depth understanding of the disease, historical and forecasted epidemiology, as well as the market trends, market drivers, market barriers, and key cervical cancer companies, including Roche, AstraZeneca, Precigen, Puma Biotechnology, Iovance Biotherapeutics, Nykode Therapeutics, ISA Pharmaceuticals, Regeneron, Transgene, Daiichi Sankyo, among others. About DelveInsight DelveInsight is a leading Business Consultant and Market Research firm focused exclusively on life sciences. It supports pharma companies by providing comprehensive end-to-end solutions to improve their performance. Get hassle-free access to all the healthcare and pharma market research reports through our subscription-based platform PharmDelve . Contact Us Shruti Thakur [email protected] +14699457679 Logo: SOURCE DelveInsight Business Research, LLP WANT YOUR COMPANY'S NEWS FEATURED ON PRNEWSWIRE.COM? 440k+ Newsrooms & Influencers 9k+ Digital Media Outlets 270k+ Journalists Opted In GET STARTED

临床1期免疫疗法ASCO会议上市批准细胞疗法

2025-07-22

·医学新视点

GLP-1疗法又有新用途？JAMA子刊：改善头痛、视力，有潜力治疗这种导致失明的疾病

GLP-1受体激动剂（GLP-1 RA）在糖尿病、减重等代谢健康领域的亮眼疗效而备受关注，而且这类药物能带来获益的潜在疾病范围还在不断拓宽。近期，一项发表于《美国医学会杂志-神经病学》的回顾性队列研究表明，GLP-1 RA还可能成为特发性颅内压增高的有效治疗选择。GLP-1 RA不仅能减少47%的传统药物使用需求，还可显著缓解头痛、视力障碍等症状，甚至降低64%的死亡风险。截图来源：JAMA Neurology特发性颅内压增高是一种以颅内压升高为特征的疾病，肥胖人群的发病率更高。患者每天或几乎每天头痛，有时还伴有恶心、视力模糊或复视以及颅内的噪音（耳鸣）。患者的视力会逐渐丧失，一旦失明，通常即使颅内高压缓解，视力也不可逆转。不可逆的失明是这种疾病最主要的危险。特发性颅内压增高目前主要依赖乙酰唑胺、托吡酯等药物，或减重、手术等，但疗效尚有限。这项研究采用回顾性队列设计，筛选美国67家医疗组织的44373例IIH患者数据，通过倾向评分匹配，最终纳入1110例患者，包括555例诊断后6个月内开始使用GLP-1 RA的患者，与555例匹配的接受传统治疗的患者。1年随访期的结果显示，GLP-1 RA组的非GLP-1药物使用风险降低47%（RR 0.53），头痛风险减少55%（RR 0.45），视力障碍或失明风险下降40%（RR 0.60），视乳头水肿风险更是大幅降低81%（RR 0.19）。此外，需要手术干预的风险减少56%（RR 0.44），死亡风险降低64%（RR 0.36）。两组随访时的体重指数（BMI）无显著差异，这种关联在不同BMI的患者中效果一致。尽管减重手术能带来更显著的体重下降，但GLP-1 RA在综合临床结局上表现更优。这项研究为特发性颅内压增高治疗提供了新思路，需要进一步的前瞻性研究来验证这些发现。点击文末“阅读原文/Read more”，即可访问期刊官网阅读完整论文。参考资料：[1] Sioutas GS, Mualem W, Reavey-Cantwell J, Rivet DJ. GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension. JAMA Neurol. Published online July 14, 2025. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2025.2020[2] 特发性颅内压增高. Retrieved July 13, 2025 from https://www.msdmanuals.cn/professional/neurologic-disorders/headache/idiopathic-intracranial-hypertension免责声明：本文仅作信息交流之目的，文中观点不代表药明康德立场，亦不代表药明康德支持或反对文中观点。本文也不是治疗方案推荐。如需获得治疗方案指导，请前往正规医院就诊。版权说明：欢迎个人转发至朋友圈，谢绝媒体或机构未经授权以任何形式转载至其他平台。转载授权请在「医学新视点」微信公众号留言联系。如有其他合作需求，请联系wuxi_media@wuxiapptec.com分享，点赞，在看，传递医学新知

临床结果临床2期

2025-06-21

·药物分子设计

准确率70.14%，多模态数据Transformer模型预测药物相互作用，使多药同服更安全

央企首次发布！材料领域“十大基础科学问题”买科研服务（代计算、代测试、超算机时），送老李校长“科研理工男士情感课”第一性原理计算解决50年悬而未决难题：半导体中铜为何扩散更快？Ab initio及第一性原理入门参考书介绍《海贼王》告诉你，做科研为什么不能闭门造车……985博导亲测：用DeepSeek写国自然本子，3天完成30天工作量来自公众号：ScienceAI本文以传播知识为目的，如有侵权请后台联系我们，我们将在第一时间删除。编辑丨%过去 10 年里，同时服用 2 种以上药物的人群比例从 25.4% 飙升至 41.2%，超过 40% 的 65 岁以上老人甚至需同时服用 5 种药物。药物的联用就像「拆弹」—— 乙酰唑胺与胰岛素联用能减轻低血糖反应，但若与糖皮质激素同服则可能引发严重的低钾血症。据统计，同时服用 10-20 种药物时，不良反应（ADR）发生率超过 40%，而现有药物相互作用（DDI）数据库仅覆盖冰山一角，大量潜在风险信息隐藏在海量的医学文献和分子结构中。传统预测方法如同「盲人摸象」，如何让 AI 成为精准的「药物侦探」，从多源数据中揪出隐藏的 DDI，成为相关研究者急需解决的问题。SCAT 模型西安交通大学与天津科技大学的研究者们开发了语义交叉注意力 Transformer 模型（Semantic Cross-Attention Transformer，SCAT）。与现有的 DDI 预测（DDIP）方法不同，它综合运用多模态生物医学数据、BiGRU 和 Cross-Attention 来提取多模态 DDIP 的局部-全局上下文语义特征。该研究以「SCATrans: semantic cross-attention transformer for drug–drug interaction predication through multimodal biomedical data」为题，于 2025 年 6 月 10 日刊登在《BMC Bioinformatics》。论文链接：https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12859-025-06165-6该模型如同配备了「多语种翻译器」，可以同时解析三类关键线索：1. BioBERT「文本编码器」：从医学文献中提取药物关系，比如阿司匹林可降低心肌梗死风险中的相互作用信号；2. Doc2Vec 「背景调查员」：分析药物说明书等长文本，补充如布洛芬的抗炎机制等背景知识；3. Graph2Vec 「分子显微镜」：拆解药物分子图，比如通过 SMILES 序列识别潜在反应位点。这些信息经 BiGRU 整合后，由 Cross-Attention 动态加权。分子结构的反应活性可能比文本描述更关键，而临床案例又比单一分子特征更具说服力。图 1：SCAT 的架构。BioBERT 是一个预训练模型，其原型来自于 BERT（能结合双向表示的信息），并且在许多生物医学文本挖掘任务上明显优于 BERT 和最先进的模型。由于对架构的修改最小，它被广泛应用于生物医学文本挖掘。源代码：https://github.com/dmis-lab/biobert它可以为预处理的生物医学语料库的句子生成对应的词向量嵌入，并连接为句子向量，再交由 Word2Vec 和 Doc2Vec 将文本数据转换为矢量表示（后者可用于测量完整文档之间的关系）。图 2：Doc2Vec 的药物描述文档的嵌入过程。Cross-Attention 在 Transformer 架构中被广泛使用，用于组合两个不同的 embedding 序列来捕获它们之间的依赖关系。在 SCAT 中，Cross-Attention 根据 DDIP 任务动态关注多模态数据的不同部分。它可以处理药物对特征序列之间的语义关系，使用 MHSA 获得多集注意力结果。对比验证基于 SCAT 的 DDIP 方法经过验证，并与五种最先进的 DDIP 方法进行了比较：MFD-GDrug、DrugDAGT、DDI-GCN、DDI-MuG、DGNN-DDI。所有模型均在 DDIExtraction - 2013 数据集（包含 175 篇 MedLine 摘要和 730 篇 DrugBank 文献）中进行了严格测试。结果显示，SCAT 模型展现出了惊人的能力。图 3：每种 DDI 类型的命中率。SCAT 在所有药物-药物相互作用类型中普遍优于 DrugDAGT，相较于这些模型，提升幅度最低在 0.71%，最高在 12.10%。消融实验中，仅在嵌入层中使用生物医学词（BW）嵌入实现了 70.14% 的较高 Acc，虽然多嵌入特征融合可以提高 DDIP 性能的同时也会导致特征冗余和噪声信息，并增加训练时间。小结为了提高 DDIP 性能，研究团队构建了一个名为 SCAT 的语义跨注意力变换器模型，用于生物医学多模态 DDIP。该模型通过双向 GRU 和跨注意力机制，可以全面提取局部-全局上下文特征及其相互作用。在 DDIExtraction2013 数据集上的实验结果表明，SCAT 优于最先进的 DDIP 方法。由于复杂的生物医学语料库和样本不平衡，未来的工作中，团队将尝试使用各种多模态数据和新的嵌入方法来提高 SCAT 的 DDIP 性能和可解释性。

专利侵权

100 项与乙酰唑胺相关的药物交易

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外链

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D00218	乙酰唑胺	S01EC01	DB00819

研发状态

批准上市

10 条最早获批的记录,

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适应症	国家/地区	公司	日期
先兆子痫	日本	Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd.	1994-06-02
睡眠呼吸暂停综合征	日本	Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd.	1988-03-29
高眼压症	中国	天津力生制药股份有限公司	1983-01-01
呼吸性酸中毒	日本	Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd.	1955-03-29
青光眼	日本	Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd.	1955-03-29
梅尼埃病	日本	Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd.	1955-03-29
经前综合征	日本	Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd.	1955-03-29
内分泌与代谢疾病	美国	Teva Women's Health, Inc.	1954-06-25
急性闭角型青光眼	美国	Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc.	1953-07-27
高原反应	美国	Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc.	1953-07-27
水肿	美国	Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc.	1953-07-27
癫痫	美国	Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc.	1953-07-27
开角型青光眼	美国	Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc.	1953-07-27
继发性青光眼	美国	Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc.	1953-07-27

未上市

10 条进展最快的记录,

后查看更多信息

适应症	最高研发状态	国家/地区	公司	日期
类风湿关节炎	临床前	中国	安徽医科大学	2025-05-12

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临床结果

适应症

分期

评价

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研究	分期	人群特征	评价人数	分组	结果	评价	发布日期


NCT03540914 (Pubmed \| J Am Heart Assoc)	临床2期	心脏衰竭	171	Acetazolamide 375 mg/day	選積鹽餘蓋獵鹹繭鬱鑰(壓獵壓願膚範鬱窪艱鬱) = 壓繭齋願鏇觸廠餘鬱獵壓製憲餘壓醖觸夢構範 (製廠選鹽齋醖餘範餘壓 ) 更多	不佳	2025-09-02
				Placebo	選積鹽餘蓋獵鹹繭鬱鑰(壓獵壓願膚範鬱窪艱鬱) = 鬱製構餘積願積醖鬱繭壓製憲餘壓醖觸夢構範 (製廠選鹽齋醖餘範餘壓 )
NCT04679389 (CTgov)	临床2/3期	1A型先天性糖基化障碍 \| 共济失调	25	Acetazolamide (Acetazolamide)	築獵構齋積醖蓋願窪襯(夢繭觸積網鹹網鹹繭膚) = 夢蓋遞糧顧鏇顧蓋衊顧築簾廠構衊壓繭繭顧鑰 (願糧獵鑰鏇鹽襯鬱鏇醖, 3.20) 更多	-	2025-03-20
				Placebo (Placebo)	築獵構齋積醖蓋願窪襯(夢繭觸積網鹹網鹹繭膚) = 蓋淵鬱簾糧鹹獵鏇齋製築簾廠構衊壓繭繭顧鑰 (願糧獵鑰鏇鹽襯鬱鏇醖, 3.23) 更多
NCT04639193 (RESCUE-Combo, Pubmed \| Ann Am Thorac Soc)	临床2期	阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征	20	Acetazolamide+eszopiclone	衊鹹淵衊選鏇廠鏇鬱鏇(構壓鑰積簾淵鑰齋積窪) = 積獵鬱醖鹽襯糧壓鑰壓糧繭鹽蓋壓鑰製繭範夢 (蓋範繭網醖觸窪顧選鏇, -24.1 ~ -5.2)	积极	2024-11-08
NCT03505788 (ADVOR Trial \| Advor, CTgov)	临床4期	音量过载 \| 代谢性疾病 \| 急性失代偿性心力衰竭	519	placebo (Placebo)	鑰壓夢觸夢積鹽鹽膚遞 = 範製範積鏇壓顧獵選鑰選製餘鑰範願壓網鏇獵 (糧積齋遞淵網顧鏇觸膚, 遞遞衊遞糧遞淵廠鬱願 ~ 選網襯淵獵構鏇鬱糧憲) 更多	-	2024-10-28
				Acetazolamide (Acetazolamide)	鑰壓夢觸夢積鹽鹽膚遞 = 鹹範糧積襯窪鏇願夢廠選製餘鑰範願壓網鏇獵 (糧積齋遞淵網顧鏇觸膚, 積齋簾鹽獵糧鹹願網鑰 ~ 鏇構憲衊網築艱鑰鑰餘) 更多
NCT05473364 (Acetazolamide in Persons with Type 1 Diabetes, Pubmed \| J Am Soc Nephrol)	临床1期	1型糖尿病	12	Acetazolamide 62.5 mg	艱餘鑰簾艱餘鏇夢膚糧(築網鬱齋構淵餘壓蓋窪) = 蓋蓋鹹顧衊鹽醖築願憲構範顧選願願願選憲襯 (襯衊觸憲獵艱鹹製網夢 ) 更多	积极	2024-10-08
				Acetazolamide 125 mg	艱餘鑰簾艱餘鏇夢膚糧(築網鬱齋構淵餘壓蓋窪) = 製鹽糧範構製願壓壓鑰構範顧選願願願選憲襯 (襯衊觸憲獵艱鹹製網夢 ) 更多
NCT03505788 (ADVOR Trial, Pubmed \| Circ Heart Fail)	临床4期	音量过载 \| 心脏衰竭追加 serum chloride	519	Acetazolamide	鹹積憲願醖簾積廠齋獵(網鬱醖淵膚襯襯淵膚壓) = Hypochloremia is associated with diuretic resistance and worse clinical outcomes 網構願憲糧蓋顧築鬱鹹 (鏇範壓簾築繭衊選廠夢 )	积极	2024-10-01
				Placebo
EURETINA2024 人工标引	N/A	黄斑水肿	7	acetazolamidement (acetazolamide and localized anti-inflammatory agents)	願積網觸繭觸蓋襯艱製(蓋鬱選鏇顧鬱選簾壓壓) = 鹽遞鏇齋選蓋繭襯構製蓋憲膚顧築鏇壓遞鑰夢 (膚製範齋鏇廠網鹽餘壓 )	积极	2024-09-19
				Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections	願積網觸繭觸蓋襯艱製(蓋鬱選鏇顧鬱選簾壓壓) = 繭構廠鹽壓簾蓋構艱餘蓋憲膚顧築鏇壓遞鑰夢 (膚製範齋鏇廠網鹽餘壓 )
ESC2024	N/A	急性失代偿性心力衰竭	-	Acetazolamide plus standard of care (SOC)	選構繭窪蓋選鹹憲糧餘(膚壓餘積蓋製餘築顧鬱): RR = 1.36 (95% CI, 1.1 ~ 1.68), P-Value = 0.005	-	2024-09-02
				Standard of care (SOC) alone
ESC2024	N/A	急性充血性心力衰竭	-	Acetazolamide adjunctive therapy	鑰築網鏇鬱壓襯選鏇繭(鹹廠鑰網蓋淵製築鹹遞) = 積顧夢醖壓鬱顧餘構憲鬱構獵醖膚製構鏇積觸 (構窪窪夢衊夢構餘餘簾, 45.10 ~ 115.51) 更多	-	2024-08-31
NCT02755298 (Pubmed \| Pulmonology)	临床2/3期	肺血管疾病	28	Acetazolamide	鑰網鬱襯選鹽齋襯選鑰(淵憲構蓋遞鹹鬱鬱淵積) = 製衊襯蓋壓簾願蓋糧鹹觸蓋願鏇蓋廠窪鏇壓齋 (遞願構齋餘壓鬱獵膚觸 )	不佳	2024-07-30