Lovastatin

↑↑↑点击上方蓝字关注我们 第一章 单元测试 1、          基本药物来源占比最高的是 A:抗生素          B:植物药          C:合成药物          D:半合成药物          答案: 合成药物 2、          药物作用靶点与蛋白无关的是 A:核酸          B:酶          C:离子通道          D:受体          答案: 核酸 3、          药物的生物活性包括 A:分子式          B:化学结构          C:治疗作用及毒副作用          D:分子量          答案: 治疗作用及毒副作用 4、          下列哪个药物的合成标志着药物化学的形成 A:阿司匹林          B:吗啡          C:贝诺酯          D:对乙酰氨基酚          答案: 阿司匹林 5、          与受体有关的药物分为 A:拮抗剂          B:氧化剂          C:还原剂          D:激动剂          答案: 拮抗剂;激动剂 6、          药物化学的任务包括 A:研究药物的作用机理          B:提供使用药物的化学基础          C:研究药物的生产工艺          D:创制新药          答案: 提供使用药物的化学基础;研究药物的生产工艺;创制新药 7、          现代新药研究与开发模式应用于新药研究，传统新药研究与开发模式已经被弃用 A:对          B:错          答案: 错 8、          中国药品通用名称是药品的常用名，是最准确的命名 A:错          B:对          答案: 错 9、          现代新药研发要经过靶点的识别和确证，先导化合物的筛选、优化和确定，临床前研究和临床研究几个阶段 A:错          B:对          答案: 对 10、          CADN的中文意思是中国药品通用名称。     A:对          B:错          答案: 对 第二章 单元测试 1、          下列药物哪个是褪黑素受体激动剂 A:扎来普隆          B:他美替胺          C:扑米酮          D:氯巴占          答案: 他美替胺 2、          下列药物哪个不是GABA受体激动剂 A:氨己烯酸          B:非尔氨脂          C:加巴喷丁          D:普罗加比          答案: 非尔氨脂 3、          下列药物哪个不是乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂 A:加兰他敏          B:奥卡西平          C:卡巴斯汀          D:他克林          答案: 奥卡西平 4、          芬太尼属于的化学结构类型是 A:氨基酮类          B:吗啡喃类          C:哌啶类          D:苯吗喃类          答案: 哌啶类 5、          甲氧氯普胺是中枢及外周性多巴胺D2受体拮抗剂，具有 A:止吐作用          B:催吐作用          C:促动力作用          D:抗精神病作          答案: 止吐作用;促动力作用;抗精神病作 6、          作用于阿片k受体的镇痛药是 A:阿尼利定          B:非那佐辛          C:喷他佐辛          D:氟痛新          答案: 非那佐辛;喷他佐辛;氟痛新 7、          吗啡在体内代谢时，去甲基的一步发生在7位N 上。 A:错          B:对          答案: 错 8、          美沙酮是具有开链结构的镇痛药。 A:对          B:错          答案: 对 9、          巴比妥嘧啶环2位羰基上的氧原子用硫原子取代、作用时间更短。 A:错          B:对          答案: 对 10、          在苯并二氮卓类的1，2位并上六元含氮杂环得到唑仑类镇静催眠药 A:错          B:对          答案: 错 第三章 单元测试 1、            下列哪个胆碱酯类M受体激动剂不能在临床应用 A:氯醋甲胆碱            B:卡巴胆碱            C:氯贝胆碱            D:乙酰胆碱            答案: 乙酰胆碱 2、            下列哪个药物不属于四氢异喹啉类N受体拮抗剂 A:苯磺阿曲库铵            B:米库氯铵            C:多库氯铵            D:泮库溴铵            答案: 泮库溴铵 3、            下列哪个药物不属于酰胺类局麻药 A:罗哌卡因            B:奎尼卡因            C:布比卡因            D:甲哌卡因            答案: 奎尼卡因 4、            氯雷他定的代谢产物是 A:奥洛他定            B:可乐定            C:氯雷他定            D:地雷他定            答案: 地雷他定 5、            下列药物中哪些是α2 受体激动剂 A:甲氧明            B:胍法辛            C:甲基多巴            D:可乐定            答案: 胍法辛;甲基多巴 6、            合成抗胆碱药的发展方向是结构改造寻找新型抗胆碱药，药物具有 A:不易透过血脑屏障            B:选择性高            C:作用强            D:中枢副作用小            答案: 不易透过血脑屏障;选择性高;作用强;中枢副作用小 7、            普鲁卡因的药效持续时间长、代谢的半衰期长. A:对            B:错            答案: 错 8、            阿伐斯汀用于过敏性鼻炎、荨麻疹等。其分子中的丙烯酸基使其亲水性强，难进入中枢神经系统，无镇静作用。 A:对            B:错            答案: 对 9、            阿托品具有外周及中枢 M胆碱受体拮抗作用，中枢兴奋性被视为副作用。 A:错            B:对            答案: 对 10、            麻黄碱分子有两个手性中心、四个异构体中（1S，2R）构型为活性最强，是临床主要药用异构体。 A:对            B:错            答案: 错 第四章 单元测试 1、            血管紧张素Ⅱ是多肽，其组成是 A:6 个氨基酸            B:8 个氨基酸            C:10 个氨基酸            D:18 个氨基酸            答案: 8 个氨基酸 2、            下列药物中哪个是非选泽性钙通道阻滞剂 A:加洛帕米            B:氨氯地平片            C:氟桂利嗪            D:地尔硫卓            答案: 氟桂利嗪 3、            烟酸的副作用主要由以下哪种基团引起 A:氨基            B:羟基            C:羧基            D:苯基            答案: 羧基 4、            下列药物中哪个不是贝特类调血脂药 A:吉非贝齐            B:氯贝酸铝            C:普拉贝脲            D:考来烯胺            答案: 考来烯胺 5、            美托洛尔体内的代谢途径为 A:羟化            B:去氨基氧化            C:脱甲基            D:氧化            答案: 去氨基氧化;脱甲基;氧化 6、            下列药物中哪些是合成他汀类药物 A:洛伐他汀            B:阿托伐他汀            C:瑞舒伐他汀            D:氟伐他汀            答案: 阿托伐他汀;瑞舒伐他汀;氟伐他汀 7、            临床上所有的强心苷类药物最大的问题是安全范围小，有效剂量接近中毒剂量。 A:对            B:错            答案: 对 8、            拉贝洛尔是选择性β1受阻滞剂。 A:对            B:错            答案: 错 9、            钙通道根据电导值, 动力学特性不同分为L、N、P、Q、R、T亚型，其中T亚型最重要。 A:对            B:错            答案: 错 10、            相对于单硝酸异山梨酯，硝酸异山梨酯的水溶性增大，副作用降低。 A:对            B:错            答案: 错 点击下方 阅读原文 查看最新答案目录          ↓↓↓

Approval expands indication of JUXTAPID ® to include children 2 years of age and older with HoFH This announcement was made during the week of Rare Disease Day, which aims to raise awareness about the impact of rare diseases on patients BOSTON, March 03, 2026 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Chiesi Global Rare Diseases, a business unit of the Chiesi Group established to deliver innovative therapies and solutions for people living with rare diseases, announced today that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved JUXTAPID ® (lomitapide) capsules for pediatric use in homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) for children 2 years of age and older. JUXTAPID is a proven therapy that has been approved in the United States for adult patients with HoFH to be used along with diet and other lipid-lowering treatments, since 2012. HoFH, an ultra-rare genetic disorder, impacts an estimated 1 in 250,000 to 1 in 360,000 individuals worldwide, including children, who can be born with dangerously high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. 1,2 Without early intervention, those living with this condition face a significantly increased risk of severe atherosclerosis. 3,4 “This approval represents more than a regulatory milestone; it’s a meaningful advancement for children and families living with HoFH,” said Mitch Goldman, Senior Vice President, R&D, Chiesi Global Rare Diseases . “By expanding access to JUXTAPID for children 2 years of age and older, we’re enabling very young members of the HoFH community to benefit from the same proven treatment that has already helped adults manage their condition. This achievement reflects our unwavering commitment to bringing safe, effective therapies to those who need them most and to making a lasting difference at every stage of life.” “Children with HoFH face extraordinary challenges from the moment they’re diagnosed,” said Katherine Wilemon, Founder and CEO of Family Heart Foundation . “Their lives are shaped by frequent medical visits and the constant worry of cardiovascular risk at an age when most kids are just learning to ride a bike or play sports. The recent treatment approval for this age group marks a meaningful step forward for young children impacted by HoFH.” The FDA’s approval is grounded on evidence from a Phase 3, open-label, multicenter study (APH-19) evaluating the safety and efficacy of JUXTAPID ® in 43 pediatric participants aged 5 to 17 years with HoFH who were receiving standard-of-care lipid-lowering therapy and a low-fat diet. 5 Over a 24-week treatment period, JUXTAPID was titrated to each participant’s highest tolerated dose. The study demonstrated a mean 49% reduction in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) from baseline, accompanied by significant decreases in non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), total cholesterol, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), apolipoprotein B, and triglycerides. Adverse events were primarily gastrointestinal or hepatic in nature, consistent with the known safety pro JUXTAPID. An integrated model-based analysis confirmed that JUXTAPID is safe and efficacious for the treatment of HoFH in pediatric populations and support the dose justification in children > 2 yrs old. Overall, the results showed that JUXTAPID achieved substantial, clinically meaningful reductions in LDL-C in pediatric use for HoFH. 6 USE and IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION JUXTAPID (lomitapide) is a prescription medicine used along with a low-fat diet, exercise and other low-density lipoprotein (LDL) lowering medicines to reduce LDL-C in adults and children 2 years of age and older with a type of high cholesterol called homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH). It is not known if JUXTAPID is safe and effective in people with kidney problems including people with end-stage kidney disease who are not on dialysis. It is not known if JUXTAPID is safe and effective when used in children under the age of 2. IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION What is the most important information I should know about JUXTAPID? JUXTAPID is available only through certified pharmacies that are enrolled in the JUXTAPID REMS Program. Your healthcare provider must be enrolled in the program in order for you to be prescribed JUXTAPID. There is a registry that collects information about the effects of taking JUXTAPID over time. Ask your healthcare provider for more information about this registry or visit or call 1-877-902-4099. JUXTAPID may cause serious side effects, including: Liver Problems: JUXTAPID can cause liver problems such as increased liver enzymes or increased fat in the liver. For this reason, your healthcare provider should do blood tests to check your liver before you start JUXTAPID, if your dose is increased, and while you take JUXTAPID. If your tests show signs of liver problems, your doctor may lower your dose of JUXTAPID or stop it altogether. You should tell your doctor if you have had liver problems in the past, including liver problems while taking other medicines. JUXTAPID may cause nausea, vomiting and stomach pain, especially if you do not eat a low-fat diet. These side effects can also be symptoms of liver problems. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you have nausea; vomiting or stomach pain that gets worse, does not go away, or changes; fever; flu-like symptoms; yellowing of your eyes or skin; or are feeling more tired than usual while taking JUXTAPID. Do not drink more than 1 alcoholic drink per day while taking JUXTAPID. Harm to your unborn baby: Do not take JUXTAPID if you are pregnant, think you may be pregnant, or are planning to become pregnant. If you are a female who can get pregnant, you should have a negative pregnancy test result before you start on JUXTAPID. Use effective birth control while taking JUXTAPID and for 2 weeks after your last dose of JUXTAPID. If you become pregnant while taking JUXTAPID, stop taking JUXTAPID and call your healthcare provider right away. Do not take JUXTAPID if you: Are taking medicines that are strong or moderate CYP34A inhibitors (for example, certain medicines used to treat bacterial, fungal, or viral infections, and medicines used to treat depression, high blood pressure or chest pain). These medicines may affect how your body breaks down JUXTAPID. Drink grapefruit juice. Have moderate to severe liver problems or active liver disease, including abnormal liver function tests. Before you take JUXTAPID, tell your healthcare provider about all of your medical conditions, including if you have liver problems; have kidney problems; have intestine or bowel problems; drink alcohol; are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. It is not known if JUXTAPID passes into your breastmilk. You and your healthcare provider should decide if you will take JUXTAPID or breastfeed. You should not do both. Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take , including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements. JUXTAPID may affect the way other medicines work, and other medicines may affect how JUXTAPID works. Other possible side effects of JUXTAPID include: Problems absorbing certain nutrients. JUXTAPID makes it harder for some fat-soluble nutrients, such as vitamin E and fatty acids, to get into your body. Take supplements that contain fat-soluble vitamins each day while you take JUXTAPID. Gastrointestinal symptoms. Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and stomach pain or discomfort are very common when taking JUXTAPID. Strictly following a low-fat diet may help lower the chance of having these symptoms. Stop taking JUXTAPID and tell your healthcare provider if you have severe diarrhea, especially if you also have lightheadedness, decreased urine output, or tiredness. Muscle pain, tenderness and weakness (myopathy). This can happen when JUXTAPID is taken with certain doses of simvastatin and lovastatin. Tell your doctor right away if you have unexplained muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness, especially if you have a fever or feel more tired than usual while taking JUXTAPID. Increased levels of certain blood thinners. JUXTAPID can increase the level of the blood thinner, warfarin. If you take warfarin, your healthcare provider should check your blood clotting times frequently, especially after your dose of JUXTAPID changes. Liver problems caused by certain drugs. Certain medicines can cause liver problems, including isotretinoin, acetaminophen, methotrexate, tetracyclines, and tamoxifen. If you take these medicines with JUXTAPID your healthcare provider may do blood tests more often to check your liver. The most common side effects of JUXTAPID in adults and children 5 years of age and older include: diarrhea, nausea, stomach (abdominal) pain, indigestion, vomiting, and increases in liver enzymes. Tell your healthcare provider if you have any side effect that bothers you or that does not go away. These are not all the possible side effects of JUXTAPID. For more information, ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You are encouraged to report negative side effects of prescription drugs to the FDA. Visit or call 1-800-FDA-1088 . For additional information, please see the Medication Guide and full Prescribing Information , including BOXED WARNING. About HoFH Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) is a serious, rare genetic disease that impairs the function of the receptor responsible for removing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ("bad" cholesterol) from the body. A loss of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor function results in extreme elevation of blood cholesterol levels. Individuals with HoFH often develop premature and progressive atherosclerosis, a narrowing or blocking of the arteries. About JUXTAPID ® (lomitapide) JUXTAPID (lomitapide) is a prescription medicine used along with a low-fat diet, exercise and other low-density lipoprotein (LDL) lowering medicines to reduce LDL-C in adults and children 2 years of age and older with a type of high cholesterol called homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH). About Chiesi Group Chiesi is a research-oriented international biopharmaceutical group that develops and markets innovative therapeutic solutions in respiratory health, rare diseases, and specialty care. The company’s mission is to improve people’s quality of life and act responsibly towards both the community and the environment. By changing its legal status to a Benefit Corporation in Italy, the US, France and Colombia, Chiesi’s commitment to creating shared value for society as a whole is legally binding and central to company-wide decision-making. As a certified B Corp since 2019, Chiesi is part of a global community of businesses that meet high standards of social and environmental impact. The company aims to reach Net-Zero greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions by 2035. With 90 years of experience, Chiesi is headquartered in Parma (Italy), with 31 affiliates worldwide, and counts more than 7,500 employees. The Group’s research and development center in Parma works alongside 6 other important R&D hubs in France, the US, Canada, China, the UK, and Sweden. For more information visit . About Chiesi Global Rare Diseases Chiesi Global Rare Diseases is a business unit of the Chiesi Group established to deliver innovative therapies and solutions for people living with rare diseases. As a family business, Chiesi Group strives to create a world where it is common to have therapy for all diseases and acts as a force for good, for society and the planet. The goal of the Global Rare Diseases unit is to ensure equal access so as many people as possible can experience their most fulfilling life. The unit collaborates with the rare disease community around the globe to bring voice to underserved people in the health care system. For more information visit  . Follow @ChiesiGlobalRareDiseases on  LinkedIn ,  Facebook ,  Instagram ,  X  and  YouTube . Chiesi Global Rare Diseases Media Contact Sky Striar LifeSci Communications Email: sstriar@lifescicomms.com References Cuchel, M., Raal, F. J., Hegele, R. A., Al-Rasadi, K., Arca, M., Averna, M., Bruckert, E., Freiberger, T., Gaudet, D., Harada-Shiba, M., Hudgins, L. C., Kayikcioglu, M., Masana, L., Parhofer, K. G., Roeters van Lennep, J. E., Santos, R. D., Stroes, E. S. G., Watts, G. F., Wiegman, A., Stock, J. K., … Ray, K. K. (2023). 2023 Update on European Atherosclerosis Society Consensus Statement on Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolaemia: new treatments and clinical guidance. European heart journal, 44(25), 2277–2291. Mainieri, F., Tagi, V. M., & Chiarelli, F. (2022). Recent Advances on Familial Hypercholesterolemia in Children and Adolescents. Biomedicines, 10(5), 1043. Graves, L. E., Horton, A., Alexander, I. E., & Srinivasan, S. (2023). Gene Therapy for Paediatric Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolaemia. Heart, Lung and Circulation, 32(7), 769-779. Nohara, A., Tada, H., Ogura, M., Okazaki, S., Ono, K., Shimano, H., Daida, H., Dobashi, K., Hayashi, T., Hori, M., Matsuki, K., Minamino, T., Yokoyama, S., & Harada-Shiba, M. (2021). Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia. Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis, 28(7), 665. Masana L, Zambon A, Schmitt CP, Taylan C, Driemeyer J, Cohen H, Buonuomo PS, Alashwal A, Al-Dubayee M, Kholaif N, Diaz-Diaz JL, Maatouk F, Martinez-Hervas S, Mangal B, Löwe S, Cunningham T. Lomitapide for the treatment of paediatric patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (APH-19): results from the efficacy phase of an open-label, multicentre, phase 3 study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2024 Dec;12(12):880-889. doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(24)00233-X. Epub 2024 Oct 16. PMID: 39426393. JUXTAPID (lomitapide) Prescribing Information. Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A.; 2026 PP-RA-01435 V1.0