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更新于：2026-06-17

Olanzapine

奥氮平

更新于：2026-06-17

概要

基本信息

简介Zyprexa® 或奥氮平（一种抗精神病药物）广泛用于治疗精神分裂症、双相1型障碍和伴随这些病症的激越。该药物由礼来研发的一种D1受体抑制剂，可有效调节大脑内多巴胺和血清素的水平。自从1996 年获得欧盟初步批准后，奥氮平已成为治疗各种精神障碍的首选药物。它在治疗此类疾病方面的功效已得到充分证明，使其成为精神疾病患者不可或缺的药物。该药物在现代医学中发挥着重要的作用，因为它具有调节脑化学的能力，从而为与精神分裂症和双相情感障碍相关的经常失能的症状提供急需的缓解。

药物类型

小分子化药

别名

2-methyl-4-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-10H-thieno[2,3-b][1,5]benzodiazepine、Olanzapin、olanzapine LAI

+ [41]

靶点

5-HT2A receptor x 5-HT2C receptor x D2 receptor x HTR3

作用方式

拮抗剂

作用机制

5-HT2A receptor拮抗剂(5-羟色胺2A受体拮抗剂)、5-HT2C receptor拮抗剂(5-羟色胺2C受体拮抗剂)、5-HT3 receptor拮抗剂(5-羟色胺受体3拮抗剂)

治疗领域

神经系统疾病其他疾病遗传病与畸形

在研适应症

化疗引起的恶心和呕吐躁动抑郁症+ [8]

非在研适应症

神经性厌食症边缘性人格障碍支气管肺发育不良+ [8]

原研机构

Eli Lilly & Co.

在研机构

CHEPLAPHARM Arzneimittel GmbHGlenmark Arzneimittel GmbH

KRKA dd

+ [7]

非在研机构

齐鲁制药有限公司Apotex Europe BV

江苏豪森药业集团有限公司

+ [8]

权益机构

Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.

Eli Lilly & Co.

Starton Therapeutics, Inc.

+ [4]

最高研发阶段批准上市

首次获批日期

欧盟 (1996-09-27),

躁郁症躁狂精神分裂症

最高研发阶段(中国)批准上市

特殊审评优先审评 (中国)

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结构/序列

分子式C17H20N4S

InChIKeyKVWDHTXUZHCGIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N

CAS号132539-06-1

关联

608

项与奥氮平相关的临床试验

NCT07152184

/ Not yet recruiting临床2期IIT

A Prospective, Randomized, and Controlled Study Comparing Two Treatment Strategies (Dose REduction of Antipsychotics vs. Maintenance Treatment) in Patients With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder After Stratification Based on Patients' Psychotic PHENotype: a Personalized Medicine Approach

The objective of this study is to respond to frequent requests from patients who wish to reduce or even stop their antipsychotic treatment once they have achieved clinical stability. Psychiatrists are reluctant to respond to these requests because the method for safely reducing or stopping antipsychotic treatment remains poorly understood.
The investigators want to verify the existence of an interaction between treatment strategy and psychotic phenotype (cycloid psychosis vs. non-CP), i.e., in terms of functional remission, the benefit of the dose reduction strategy compared to the maintenance strategy will be greater in the CP group than in the non-CP group.
To this end, patients will be randomly assigned to four groups based on their phenotype and treatment strategy (CP-dose reduction; CP-dose maintenance; non-CP-dose reduction; and non-CP-dose maintenance).
Several hospitals throughout France are participating in this study, in which a random draw (called randomization) will be conducted to determine whether the physician will propose reducing the antipsychotic dose or maintaining it at the same dose for the patient.
Patients included in this study will be adults aged 18 to 60 who have been diagnosed with a schizophrenic spectrum disorder (SS): schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, schizoaffective disorder, or brief psychotic episode.
The antipsychotics studied are:
* second-generation antipsychotics: amisulpride, aripiprazole, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone;
* first-generation antipsychotics: chlorpromazine, flupentixol, haloperidol, levomepromazine, loxapine, pipotiazine, zuclopenthixol.
288 patients will be included and followed for 24 months. The inclusion period is 48 months.
Fourteen follow-up visits are planned, every month for four months and then every two months. During these visits, self-questionnaires or cognitive tests will have to be completed by the patient, the caregiver, and/or the treating psychiatrist.
Three blood samples will be taken at inclusion, at 6 months, and at the end of the study, in particular to measure the level of medication in the blood.

开始日期2026-10-01

申办/合作机构

Les Hopitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg

NCT07581405

/ Not yet recruiting临床2期IIT

GI-05: The Impact of Olanzapine Among Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Gastric Cancer

This is a single-center, randomized, open-label clinical trial designed to evaluate the impact of low-dose olanzapine on weight loss, appetite, and nutritional outcomes in patients with gastric cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Eligible patients will be randomized to receive olanzapine 2.5 mg orally once daily (QD) in addition to standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy, beginning prior to initiation of chemotherapy and continuing until surgical resection. Patients will otherwise receive standard-of-care (SOC) oncologic treatment, with no alterations to chemotherapy regimens or surgical management. The study is designed to prospectively assess whether olanzapine improves appetite, mitigates weight loss, and enhances nutritional status and quality of life (QoL) during neoadjuvant therapy. This study will be conducted at the University of Illinois Cancer Center (UICC) as a single-site investigator-initiated trial, with an anticipated accrual of 26 participants over 2 years.

开始日期2026-05-01

申办/合作机构

University of Illinois

NCT07442890

/ Not yet recruitingN/AIIT

A Cohort Study of the Combination Regimen Based on Rolapitant and Palonosetron for the Prevention of Nausea and Vomiting Induced by Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Lung Cancer Patients

This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a combination regimen based on Rolapitant Palonosetron injection for preventing nausea and vomiting induced by concurrent chemoradiotherapy in lung cancer patients. It will also analyze the differences in preventive efficacy between two combination regimens, filling the gap in antiemetic data for radiotherapy combined with moderately to highly emetogenic chemotherapy. This research will provide evidence for optimizing antiemetic strategies in patients undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

开始日期2026-04-30

申办/合作机构

河南省肿瘤医院

100 项与奥氮平相关的临床结果

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100 项与奥氮平相关的转化医学

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100 项与奥氮平相关的专利（医药）

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10,805

项与奥氮平相关的文献（医药）

2026-10-01·JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS

Effect of continuation treatment on health-related quality of life in remitted psychotic depression

Article

作者: Neufeld, Nicholas H ; Voineskos, Aristotle N ; Marino, Patricia ; Whyte, Ellen M ; Meyers, Barnett S ; Rothschild, Anthony J ; Bendel, Ryma A ; Bingham, Kathleen S ; Mulsant, Benoit H ; Flint, Alastair J ; Alexopoulos, George S

BACKGROUND:

Continuation treatment with sertraline plus olanzapine is associated with lower risk of relapse of remitted psychotic depression than sertraline plus placebo. We examined the effect of continuation pharmacotherapy on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in remitted psychotic depression.

METHODS:

One hundred and twenty-six men and women, aged 18 to 85 years, who had achieved sustained remission of psychotic depression with open-label treatment with sertraline plus olanzapine were randomized to continue sertraline plus either olanzapine or placebo. HRQOL was measured with the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) at randomization baseline and study termination. The primary outcome was change in each of the eight SF-36 domains. Linear regression examined the relationship between randomized treatment and change in SF-36 domain scores.

RESULTS:

Sertraline plus olanzapine was associated with better outcomes in the Role Emotional (RE) and Mental Health (MH) domains than sertraline plus placebo. Relapse was associated with marked decline in both RE and MH scores. RE and MH scores at study termination were more than two standard deviations below the population mean in approximately one quarter of participants in the sertraline plus placebo group.

CONCLUSIONS:

In individuals with remitted psychotic depression, continuation treatment with sertraline plus olanzapine was associated with better outcomes in HRQOL domains directly relevant to mental health than treatment with sertraline plus placebo. These findings suggest that the benefit of sertraline plus olanzapine in preventing relapse of psychotic depression is associated with benefit in HRQOL.

2026-08-01·JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS

Efficacy and safety of pharmacological interventions for the maintenance of bipolar disorder: A systematic review and dose-related network meta-analysis across different age groups

Review

作者: Daray, Federico Manuel ; Kishi, Taro ; Di Lorenzo, Chiara ; Fornaro, Michele

BACKGROUND:

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic mental illness that requires lifelong treatment. We investigated the comparative efficacy and safety of pharmacological interventions for bipolar maintenance, considering dose effects across different age groups.

METHODS:

We conducted a network meta-analysis (NMA) of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing pharmacological interventions against each other or placebo for the maintenance of BD, searching for records indexed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus (from inception through 2026.1.12). Co-primary outcomes were the relapse rate (into an acute episode of any mood polarity) and tolerability (discontinuation due to side effects). Relapse into episodes of specific mood polarities (namely, depressive/manic/mixed polarity), acceptability (discontinuation due to any cause), and rate of specific adverse events were secondary outcomes. Confidence-In-Network-Meta-Analysis was likewise appraised.

RESULTS:

Forty-four RCTs involving 23 distinct treatment combinations encompassed 10,867 participants. Sensitivity analysis retaining only low-risk-of-bias studies and excluding outliers for possible effect modifiers indicated that asenapine 20 mg/day, aripiprazole 20 mg/day, 30 mg/day, quetiapine 300 mg/day, 600 mg/day and 550 mg/day, lithium 800 mg/day, lurasidone 80 mg/day, carbamazepine 400 mg/day and 650 mg/day, valproate 71-125 μg/mL, olanzapine 20 mg/day, long-acting aripiprazole 400 mg/4 weeks, long-acting risperidone 25 mg/2 weeks, aripiprazole 30 mg/day+lamotrigine 200 mg/day outperformed placebo. Several additional drugs might be efficacious, although they either emerged as outliers for the mean age of participants/proportion of females/proportion of BD-I/II patients, baseline severity of mania/depression, and trial duration.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our findings are consistent with previous NMAs and current guidelines, yet they expand current knowledge by concurrently appraising different drugs, doses, and age groups.

2026-08-01·COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY C-TOXICOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY

Unraveling olanzapine toxicity in planarian: Multi-omics reveals mechanisms of behavioral and regenerative deficits

Article

作者: Chen, Guangwen ; Guo, Weiyun ; Dong, Zimei ; Jin, Baijie ; Liu, Ya ; Liu, Dezeng ; Pang, Lina

The pervasive release of antipsychotic pharmaceuticals into aquatic environments poses significant ecotoxicological risks. An integrated multi-omics framework was employed to comprehensively elucidate the toxicological effects and underlying mechanisms of olanzapine (OLA) on the freshwater planarian Dugesia constrictiva. Exposure to environmentally relevant (0.5 μg L^-1) and elevated (5 μg L^-1) concentrations of OLA induced significant morphological alterations and behavioral deficits. Pronounced neurotoxicity was evidenced by severe damage to the central nervous system, culminating in the complete loss of neural structures at higher concentrations. OLA exposure significantly impaired planarian regeneration, accompanied by alterations in stem cell proliferation and differentiation. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that OLA exposure dysregulated key cellular pathways, enhancing autophagy while suppressing neurodevelopment, immune function, and apoptosis. Metabolomic profiling further confirmed profound disruptions in energy metabolism and biosynthetic pathways, including the downregulation of steroid hormone biosynthesis and diverse amino acid metabolism. Moreover, OLA exposure induced significant shifts in the planarian microbiome, characterized by reduced alpha diversity, the emergence of opportunistic pathogens (Legionella), and a marked depletion of dominant taxa (Rhodoferax), indicating OLA-induced microbial dysbiosis. Collectively, our results provide novel mechanistic insights into the complex, cascading ecotoxicological effects of OLA on a representative aquatic invertebrate and underscore the significant environmental hazards posed by pharmaceutical contaminants in aquatic ecosystems.

720

项与奥氮平相关的新闻（医药）

2026-06-17

·ioncology

HER2靶向治疗的创新：新型抗HER2 ADC药物的全面综述

【导语】新型抗HER2 ADC药物革新了多癌种HER2靶向治疗，本文深度解析其机制、临床疗效及应对耐药与安全性的优化策略。【前言】人表皮生长因子受体2（Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, HER2）的过度表达和扩增广泛存在于乳腺癌、卵巢癌、胃癌和结直肠癌等多种恶性肿瘤中。在靶向治疗出现之前，HER2过表达通常与更具侵袭性的肿瘤表型、更高的疾病复发风险及相对受限的临床预后相关。曲妥珠单抗（Trastuzumab）、帕妥珠单抗（Pertuzumab）以及首个用于实体瘤的抗体药物偶联物（Antibody-drug conjugate, ADC）T-DM1的问世，极大改变了HER2阳性肿瘤的治疗格局。然而，治疗耐药导致的疾病进展以及临床对HER2阴性或低表达肿瘤靶向治疗的迫切需求，仍是极具挑战性的医学难题。新型抗HER2 ADC药物凭借其独特的分子构造展现出突破性的抗肿瘤潜力。近期，《BBA - Reviews on Cancer》发表了一篇题为“Innovations in HER2-targeted therapy: A comprehensive review of trastuzumab deruxtecan”的系统综述[1]，详细探讨了新型抗HER2 ADC药物的分子设计、作用机制和关键临床试验结果。本文对其主要内容进行概述，供读者参考。【研究方法】本综述全面分析了新型抗HER2 ADC药物的分子工程设计及其在体内的药代动力学特征，重点探究了该药物在HER2阳性及HER2异质性肿瘤微环境中的细胞内转运轨迹。研究汇总并对比了多项关键性临床试验数据，覆盖乳腺癌、胃癌、非小细胞肺癌经FDA批准的治疗适应症。此外，研究深入剖析了真实世界应用中出现的间质性肺病等不良事件，并结合体内外耐药模型数据，系统梳理了靶点相关、有效载荷相关及细胞死亡途径改变所介导的耐药机制，旨在为优化新型抗HER2 ADC药物的单药应用、免疫联合策略及下一代ADC设计提供坚实的循证基础。【研究结果】抗体药物偶联物介绍在新型抗HER2 ADC药物问世前，T-DM1作为首个获批用于实体瘤的ADC，在HER2阳性乳腺癌中取得了显著疗效，但其在部分HER2过表达肿瘤中未能展现出优于化疗的生存优势。这暴露出早期ADC设计的局限性。新型抗HER2 ADC药物通过三大核心组件实现了结构重塑：特异性靶向HER2的人源化单克隆抗体（曲妥珠单抗）；具有极高细胞毒性的DNA拓扑异构酶I（Topoisomerase I）抑制剂有效载荷（DXd）；以及在血浆中高度稳定但在肿瘤溶酶体中可被特异性酶解的四肽连接子。值得注意的是，新型抗HER2 ADC药物拥有约等于8的高药物抗体比（Drug-to-antibody ratio, DAR）[2]，这一特性大幅提升了其抗肿瘤效力。新型抗HER2 ADC药物的作用机制新型抗HER2 ADC药物主要依赖受体介导的内吞作用发挥杀伤功能。复合物进入细胞后发生溶酶体降解，释放出效力为其他拓扑异构酶I抑制剂（如SN-38）10倍以上的游离DXd，从而阻断DNA复制并诱导细胞凋亡。在抗体层面，曲妥珠单抗不仅负责精准递送，还通过介导抗体依赖性细胞毒性（Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, ADCC），激活自然杀伤（NK）细胞消灭靶细胞，同时保留了抑制Akt磷酸化的功能。在载荷层面，高膜通透性的DXd从被杀死的HER2阳性细胞中渗出，扩散并杀伤周围表达较弱甚至不表达HER2的肿瘤细胞，即“旁观者效应”（Bystander effect）。此外，新型抗HER2 ADC药物能上调肿瘤细胞表面MHC-I的表达并激活树突状细胞，有效引发CD8+ T细胞介导的适应性抗肿瘤免疫。图1 新型抗HER2 ADC药物的结构与作用机制【药代动力学】临床前荧光纳米颗粒显像显示，在HER2异质性肿瘤模型中，以DXd为例，其可显著从HER2阳性靶区扩散至邻近的阴性区域，从组织空间层面证实了其旁观者效应。I期临床研究发现，在5.4 mg/kg推荐临床剂量下，新型抗HER2 ADC药物的终末半衰期约为6.03天，平均最大血浆浓度达到约127 μg/mL，且未观察到剂量限制性毒性。其在体内表现出典型IgG抗体的分布模式，主要驻留于血浆中，同时肿瘤组织内有效载荷的滞留时间延长，确保了持续的杀伤效应。【临床前和临床试验】乳腺癌领域是新型抗HER2 ADC药物探索的先锋阵地。DESTINY-Breast01试验确立了新型抗HER2 ADC药物在接受过多线治疗的HER2阳性转移性乳腺癌（mBC）中的三线治疗地位，客观缓解率（Objective response rate, ORR）达62%，中位无进展生存期（mPFS）为16.4个月。DESTINY-Breast03试验中，新型抗HER2 ADC药物在疗效上全面超越T-DM1，mPFS达到惊人的28.8个月，而对照组仅为7.2个月[3]。随后的DESTINY-Breast04试验将获益人群拓展至HER2低表达患者（mPFS相比化疗为9.9个月 vs 5.1个月）[4]。DESTINY-Breast06试验甚至证实了其在内分泌治疗进展后的HER2超低表达（HER2-ultralow）群体中的卓越疗效。针对棘手的脑转移问题，DESTINY-Breast12及相关汇总分析显示，新型抗HER2 ADC药物具备强大的颅内渗透及控制能力，其中位颅内ORR高达71.7%。在胃癌领域，DESTINY-Gastric01和Gastric02试验证明了其对既往治疗失败的晚期HER2阳性胃癌患者的生存获益，而DESTINY-Gastric04更证实其在二线治疗中优于雷莫西尤单抗联合紫杉醇方案（中位OS 14.7个月 vs 11.4个月）。在异质性极高的非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）中，DESTINY-Lung02结果促成了新型抗HER2 ADC药物的获批，5.4 mg/kg剂量组在HER2突变型NSCLC中实现了49%的ORR。新型抗HER2 ADC药物临床试验【新型抗HER2 ADC药物的不良事件】新型抗HER2 ADC药物最常报道的不良事件集中在胃肠道和血液系统，包括疲劳、恶心（发生率高达74.6%）、呕吐（41.6%）以及中性粒细胞减少等。临床指南已建议将奥氮平（Olanzapine）联合传统止吐药作为预防新型抗HER2 ADC药物相关高致吐风险的有效方案。间质性肺病（Interstitial lung disease, ILD）或肺炎是该药物最需警惕的严重毒性反应，整体发生率约为11.4%至15.4%[5]。基础研究表明，ILD并非由HER2靶向引起，而是源于肺泡巨噬细胞对游离ADC的非靶向依赖性摄取，进而在局部释放促炎因子。临床实践应严格遵循“5S”干预法则（筛查、扫描、协同、停药、类固醇），特别是针对1级ILD应立即暂停用药并密切监测，2级及以上需永久停药并启动糖皮质激素治疗。【新型抗HER2 ADC药物的耐药性】尽管疗效显著，但长期暴露于新型抗HER2 ADC药物下的肿瘤细胞会通过多种途径产生获得性耐药。靶向抗原相关的耐药主要表现为HER2表达水平的下调或丢失，在DAISY试验中，超过65%的患者在进展后出现HER2表达降低。此外，肿瘤的空间异质性以及能够驱动免疫逃逸的截短型受体（p95HER2）均可削弱ADC的靶向亲和力。有效载荷层面的耐药机制则包括DNA损伤修复系统（如SLX4缺失）的代偿性激活、直接作用靶点（TOP1基因）的获得性突变（如E709G）变异，以及因ATP结合盒（ABC）转运蛋白（如ABCC1和ABCG2）高表达而加剧的药物外排。细胞死亡途径改变同样是重要的耐药通路，如非编码环状RNA（crVDAC3）通过抑制铁死亡机制介导耐药，或细胞周期蛋白（Cyclin E扩增、Cyclin B1缺陷）异常干扰新型抗HER2 ADC药物诱导的细胞凋亡。表2 新型抗HER2 ADC药物耐药机制及克服耐药的策略【克服新型抗HER2 ADC药物耐药的策略】基于对分子机制的深入理解，针对性的联合治疗成为破局关键。临床前模型证实，将新型抗HER2 ADC药物与Wee1激酶抑制剂（Adavosertib）联用，可阻断Cyclin E过表达肿瘤的DNA损伤修复，诱发有丝分裂灾难。联合不可逆的HER2酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（如Neratinib）则能特异性促进p95HER2的蛋白酶体降解，恢复ADC敏感性。此外，使用ATR抑制剂（Elimusertib）或端锚聚合酶抑制剂（G007-LK）阻断特定的DNA修复级联反应，也可显著增强新型抗HER2 ADC药物在非小细胞肺癌等肿瘤中的协同致死效应。【新型抗HER2 ADC药物的革新】新型抗HER2 ADC药物的临床成功加速了全球ADC工程的迭代革新。目前，具有双表位结合优势的Zanidatamab zovodotin (ZW49)、定点偶联技术提升稳定性的ARX-788、搭载DNA烷化剂的SYD985，以及旨在激活先天免疫系统的首创免疫刺激性ADC（ISAC，如NJH-395）正在各期临床试验中紧密推进。这些前沿构型通过引入多元化的载荷机制与靶向策略，为克服以新型抗HER2 ADC药物为代表的现有抗体药物偶联物耐药困境提供了广阔的解决方案。表3 HER2靶向ADC的结构与机制比较【文章小结】新型抗HER2 ADC药物凭借突破性的分子结构设计、强效的拓扑异构酶I抑制剂载荷以及独特的“旁观者效应”，深刻拓宽了传统HER2靶向治疗的临床边界，为HER2阳性、低表达乃至超低表达的各型实体瘤患者带来了卓有成效的生存获益。然而，随着靶向治疗进程的不断推进，由受体异质性演变、有效载荷外排机制激活及肿瘤微环境变构等多重因素所驱动的获得性耐药，仍是当下临床亟待攻克的科学难点。作为现代肿瘤学精准治疗的核心支柱之一，新型抗HER2 ADC药物及同类药物未来的探索重点将聚焦于预测性生物标志物的精细化甄别、ADC底层链接与载荷技术的迭代更新，以及分子靶向药物与免疫疗法科学组合的深度挖掘。临床医学领域立足于上述循证探索，必将进一步解码复杂肿瘤的生物学特征，为优化动态抗癌策略提供更为完善的实施路径，从而造福更多晚期恶性肿瘤患者。【参考文献】 1. Innovations in HER2-targeted therapy: A comprehensive review of trastuzumab deruxtecan. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer. 2026 Apr;1881(2):189550. 2. Ogitani Y, Hagihara K, Oitate M, Naito H, Agatsuma T. DS-8201a, A novel HER2-targeting ADC with a novel DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor, demonstrates a promising antitumor efficacy with differentiation from T-DM1. Clin Cancer Res. 2016;22:5097-5108. 3. Cortés J, Kim SB, Chung WP, et al. Trastuzumab deruxtecan versus trastuzumab emtansine for breast cancer. N Engl J Med. 2022;386:1143-1154. 4. Modi S, Jacot W, Yamashita T, et al. Trastuzumab deruxtecan in previously treated HER2-low advanced breast cancer. N Engl J Med. 2022;387:9-20. 5. Swain SM, Nishino M, Lancaster ND, et al. Multidisciplinary clinical guidance on trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd)-related interstitial lung disease/pneumonitis-focus on proactive monitoring, diagnosis, and management. Cancer Treat Rev. 2022;106:102378. 本资料仅供医疗卫生专业人士参考，请勿向非医疗卫生专业人士发放 CN-20260601-00009 （来源：《肿瘤瞭望》编辑部）声明凡署名原创的文章版权属《肿瘤瞭望》所有，欢迎分享、转载。本文仅供医疗卫生专业人士了解最新医药资讯参考使用，不代表本平台观点。该等信息不能以任何方式取代专业的医疗指导，也不应被视为诊疗建议，如果该信息被用于资讯以外的目的，本站及作者不承担相关责任。

2026-06-16

·肿瘤界

阿片类药物癌痛治疗：不良反应管理与风险防控方案

点击蓝字关注我们疼痛是肿瘤患者最常见和最令人痛苦的症状之一，与肿瘤患者的诊断、治疗、生活质量和生存期密切相关。目前，阿片类药物是临床控制中重度癌痛的一线核心用药，也是落实规范化癌痛管理、实现有效镇痛的关键手段，在临床中应用广泛。但阿片类药物存在明确用药风险，可引发恶心呕吐、瘙痒、尿潴留、过度镇静等不良反应。其中药物性便秘无法自行缓解，呼吸抑制、重度谵妄可危及生命。长期用药还易诱发药物依赖、成瘾及阿片类物质使用障碍，提升患者不良预后风险。 "肿瘤界"系统梳理阿片类药物常见不良反应的处理方案与风险防控策略，为临床安全、规范开展癌痛镇痛治疗提供参考。阿片类药物治疗癌痛不良反应管理阿片类药物不良反应（adverse drug reaction，ADR）的管理是癌痛整体治疗和全程管理的重要组成部分，需及时评估和治疗。 1. 阿片药物相关便秘（opioid induced constipation，OIC）（1）保证足够膳食纤维和液体量的摄入；刺激性泻药（番泻叶2~8片/d）或聚乙二醇溶于水（17g/8盎司，约240mL）口服可预防。（2）新近出现便秘，建议联合使用辅助药物来减少阿片类药物的剂量。（3）如果便秘持续，可口服乳果糖（15~45mL/d）、麻仁润肠丸（1~2丸、2次/d）或聚乙二醇钠钾散（1包，2~3次/d）。（4）高危患者（如原有便秘病史、OIC等）轮替为羟考酮-纳洛酮复合制剂可减少便秘的发生或缓解便秘。（5）难治性便秘患者鞘内给药或通过微创镇痛治疗可减少甚至逐步停用全身阿片类药物。 2. 恶心、呕吐（1）一线药物：口服甲氧氯普胺（10~15mg，4次/d）、丙氯拉嗪（10mg/6小时，按需给药）或氟哌啶醇（0.5~1mg/6~8h，按需给药）。（2）可替代药物：口服昂丹司琼（8mg，3次/d）或格拉司琼（1mg，2次/d）、奥氮平（2.5~5mg/睡前）、地塞米松等。（3）如恶心持续1周以上，须重新评估、排除其他原因，不能缓解者可考虑阿片类药物轮替、鞘内给药或其他微创镇痛治疗以减少全身阿片类药物剂量。（4）呕吐高危患者（如首次使用阿片类药物、既往呕吐史）可预防性使用昂丹司琼、格拉司琼等。 3. 瘙痒（1）瘙痒伴有皮疹、荨麻疹或呼吸短促，应考虑阿片药物过敏，重新选择另一种阿片类药物。（2）药物治疗：西替利嗪（5~10mg/d，口服或静注）、苯海拉明（25~50mg/6h，口服或静注）、异丙嗪（25mg/12h，肌注）。（3）药物治疗失败考虑阿片类药物轮替；或小剂量纳洛酮持续输注（0.25~1µg/kg/h），缓解瘙痒同时不会降低阿片类药物镇痛作用。 4. 谵妄（1）排除其他可能导致谵妄的因素（如感染、高钙血症、中枢神经系统异常、疾病转移、其他精神类药物或无法控制的疼痛等）。（2）降低阿片类药物剂量或轮替使用另一种阿片类药物。（3）药物治疗：氟哌啶醇（0.5~2mg/4~6h）、奥氮平（2.5~5mg/6~8h，口服），或利培酮（0.25~0.5mg，1~2次/d，肌注）。 5. 尿潴留（1）诱导排尿：流水诱导、膀胱按摩或下腹部（膀胱区）热敷等。（2）药物治疗：坦索罗辛（0.2mg，1次/d，口服）。（3）导尿或留置导尿管（2~3天），如不能缓解需重新评估，排除其他因素或专科处理。 6. 镇静建议采用帕赛罗阿片类药物相关镇静量表（pasero opioid-induced sedation scale，POSS）评估阿片类药物引起的镇静水平（表），并依此调整阿片类药物剂量。表：POSS阿片类药物镇静量表及处理镇静等级处理方式 S. 睡眠（易于唤醒）无需处理，阿片药物正常使用 1. 清醒且警觉无需处理，阿片药物正常使用 2. 略微困倦（易于唤醒）无需处理，阿片药物正常使用 3. 经常困倦可被唤醒，谈话间昏沉入睡阿片类药物剂量减少25%~50%，进一步风险评估；如无禁忌证，可以使用无镇静作用的非阿片类药物（例如，对乙酰氨基酚或非甾体类抗炎药）；密切监控镇静水平，防止呼吸抑制，直至POSS<3且保障充分呼吸。 4. 嗜睡对言语或身体刺激反应较小或无反应停止使用阿片类药物，必要时考虑给患者使用纳洛酮；密切监控呼吸抑制和镇静水平，直至POSS<3且保障充分呼吸。 7. 呼吸抑制（1）镇静通常先于呼吸抑制发生，镇静水平进行性加重时需警惕呼吸抑制的发生。呼吸频率<10次/min，可能是呼吸抑制的早期体征。（2）频率减慢是阿片类药物呼吸抑制的特征，如呼吸频率<8次/min需立即处理，包括：减少阿片类药物剂量、延长其给药间隔或暂停使用。密切监测氧饱和（SpO2），如SpO2<90%应予鼻导管或面罩吸氧，必要时无创呼吸支持，直至呼吸状态改善。如患者病情不稳或反应迟钝，可考虑纳洛酮拮抗（0.4mg/10mL的纳洛酮1~2mL/30~60s静注，直至症状改善）。如10分钟内对纳洛酮无反应，且纳洛酮总剂量达到1mg，应考虑导致神经系统状态变化的其他原因。表：癌痛全程管理常用阿片类药物的特点及注意事项阿片类药物使用中风险与风险缓解策略 1. 阿片依赖与成瘾阿片类药物依赖包括躯体依赖和精神依赖。前者主要表现为“阿片戒断反应”，当阿片类药物骤然停药/减量，机体会出现焦虑、易怒、寒战、出汗、关节痛、流泪、恶心、呕吐、腹部绞痛、腹泻等戒断症状。精神依赖即“成瘾”，表现为用药失去控制、强迫性使用，尽管受到伤害，患者仍继续和渴望使用药物。精神依赖将严重损害生活质量。 2. 阿片类药物滥用药物滥用指为了获得理想的精神或生理效应，有意、非治疗性地使用药物，即使只用药1次。在长期使用阿片类药物患者中，阿片类药物滥用的发生率在21%~29%。滥用可能导致阿片成瘾。 3. 阿片样物质使用障碍阿片样物质使用障碍（Opioid use disorder，OUD）被认为是一组与阿片类药物相关的认知、行为和心理症状，提示个体存在明显的与阿片类药物相关问题时仍继续使用。长期使用阿片类药物的癌痛患者中，8%~12%会出现OUD，导致长期过量使用，对免疫功能产生显著负面影响，并有可能增加肿瘤复发和死亡风险。 4. 风险缓解策略（1）评估工具选择：阿片类药物使用前，推荐使用《癌痛患者筛查及阿片类药物应用评估（screener and opioid assessment for patients with pain-revised，SOAPP-R）》和/或《阿片类药物风险评估工具（opioid risk tool，ORT）》进行评估；阿片类药物使用过程中推荐使用《阿片类药物滥用状况量表（current opioid misuse measure，COMM）》进行实时监测评估。（2）预防及处理：向患者以及家属宣教阿片类药物治疗的潜在风险和获益、合理使用与储存等。肿瘤幸存者如需长期使用阿片类药物，应尽量使用低剂量并及时随访。合并OUD的慢性癌痛患者推荐使用美沙酮、丁丙诺啡进行疼痛管理。对高风险OUD患者，应尽早转诊至疼痛科、介入科等，通过微创镇痛或介入治疗予以足够镇痛，最大限度地减少阿片类药物应用。多学科诊疗干预，通过临床姑息医学专家和精神心理专家、OUD专家、社会服务机构合作等协调治疗。推荐阅读《2026 NCCN成人癌痛指南中文版》正式发布癌痛全程管理中国专家共识（2025版）《中国临床肿瘤学会(CSCO)癌痛诊疗指南》编写启动会在济南召开声明：本文由“肿瘤界”整理与汇编，欢迎分享转载，如需使用本文内容，请务必注明出处。参考文献： 1. 中国肿瘤整合诊治指南（CACA)成人癌痛治疗_V2.0_2026 2. 中国医师协会疼痛科医师分会,国家卫生健康委能力建设和继续教育中心癌痛全程管理专家组. 癌痛全程管理中国专家共识（2025版）[J]. 中国疼痛医学杂志, 2025, (9):643-657. 编辑：Lagertha 审核：阿希雅

2026-06-15

·PRNewswire

NEURELIS CEO CRAIG CHAMBLISS NAMED EY US ENTREPRENEUR OF THE YEAR® 2026 PACIFIC SOUTHWEST AWARD WINNER

Recognition honors business leaders for their ingenuity, courage, and entrepreneurial spirit SAN DIEGO, June 15, 2026 /PRNewswire/ -- Neurelis, Inc., the innovator behind VALTOCO® (diazepam nasal spray), today announced its Founder and Chief Executive Officer Craig Chambliss was named an Ernst & Young LLP (EY US) Entrepreneur Of The Year® 2026 Pacific Southwest Award Winner. Mr. Chambliss was selected among nearly 1,000 program participants that included 592 finalists across 17 regions competing for the title. The program, now in its 41st year, celebrates the bold leaders who disrupt markets through the world's most ground-breaking companies, revolutionizing industries and uplifting communities, as well as honors individuals for their ingenuity, courage, and entrepreneurial spirit. "In the company of so many outstanding leaders who have transformed their industries and meaningfully impacted their communities, I am honored to have been selected as an EY Entrepreneur Of The Year Pacific Southwest award winner," said Mr. Chambliss. "I founded Neurelis to bring a much-needed treatment to enhance patient care and health outcomes for people with epilepsy. It is my hope that receipt of this award will help raise awareness of our mission and all those working to advance innovative solutions that benefit the people we serve." This year's Pacific Southwest finalists represent Southern California (San Diego and Orange County), Arizona, and Nevada across all industries. Award finalists were reviewed by an independent panel of judges based on their entrepreneurial spirit, purpose-driven commitment, company growth, and lasting impact in building long-term value. Mr. Chambliss continued, "Since our founding, the progress Neurelis has made in not only achieving growth but also in realizing real-world impacts to patients and their loved ones has only been possible through the dedication of our exceptional team and the support of our shareholders. Together we share a commitment to continually assess the needs of communities we serve and advance initiatives to better reach the patients who may benefit from our efforts." As a Pacific Southwest award winner, Mr. Chambliss will now be considered by the national judges for the Entrepreneur Of The Year 2026 National Awards to be presented in November at the annual Strategic Growth Forum®, where high-growth CEOs, Fortune 1000 executives and investors converge to shape the future of business. The National Overall Award winner will move on to compete for the EY World Entrepreneur Of The Year™ Award in May 2027. About Neurelis Neurelis, Inc., is a neuroscience company focused on the development and commercialization of therapeutics for the treatment of epilepsy and neurologic disorders characterized by high unmet medical need. The FDA has approved Neurelis' VALTOCO® (diazepam nasal spray) as an acute treatment of intermittent, stereotypic episodes of frequent seizure activity (i.e., seizure clusters, acute repetitive seizures) that are distinct from an individual's usual seizure pattern in adult and pediatric patients 2 years of age and older. VALTOCO is a proprietary formulation of diazepam incorporating the science of INTRAVAIL®, a transmucosal absorption enhancement technology that enables the noninvasive delivery of a broad range of protein, peptide, and small-molecule drugs. For more information on VALTOCO, please visit . For the latest scientific information on VALTOCO, please visit . Neurelis is also developing NRL-1004, an investigational, Phase 1 stage intranasal olanzapine for treatment of acute agitation episodes associated with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. In addition, Neurelis is also developing NRL-1049 (previously known as BA-1049), an investigational, Phase 1 new chemical entity Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitor, for the treatment of cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMS), a rare disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). For more information on Neurelis, please visit . Important Safety Information about VALTOCO: Indication VALTOCO® (diazepam nasal spray) is indicated for the acute treatment of intermittent, stereotypic episodes of frequent seizure activity (i.e., seizure clusters, acute repetitive seizures) that are distinct from a patient's usual seizure pattern in patients with epilepsy 2 years of age and older. WARNING: RISKS FROM CONCOMITANT USE WITH OPIOIDS; ABUSE, MISUSE, AND ADDICTION; and DEPENDENCE AND WITHDRAWAL REACTIONS Concomitant use of benzodiazepines and opioids may result in profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma, and death. Reserve concomitant prescribing of these drugs for patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. Limit dosages and durations to the minimum required. Follow patients for signs and symptoms of respiratory depression and sedation. The use of benzodiazepines, including VALTOCO, exposes users to risks of abuse, misuse, and addiction, which can lead to overdose or death. Abuse and misuse of benzodiazepines commonly involve concomitant use of other medications, alcohol, and/or illicit substances, which is associated with an increased frequency of serious adverse outcomes. Before prescribing VALTOCO and throughout treatment, assess each patient's risk for abuse, misuse, and addiction. The continued use of benzodiazepines may lead to clinically significant physical dependence. The risks of dependence and withdrawal increase with longer treatment duration and higher daily dose. Although VALTOCO is indicated only for intermittent use, if used more frequently than recommended, abrupt discontinuation or rapid dosage reduction of VALTOCO may precipitate acute withdrawal reactions, which can be life-threatening. For patients using VALTOCO more frequently than recommended, to reduce the risk of withdrawal reactions, use a gradual taper to discontinue VALTOCO. Contraindications: VALTOCO is contraindicated in patients with: Hypersensitivity to diazepam Acute narrow-angle glaucoma Central Nervous System (CNS) Depression Benzodiazepines, including VALTOCO, may produce CNS depression. Caution patients against engaging in hazardous activities requiring mental alertness, such as operating machinery, driving a motor vehicle, or riding a bicycle, until the effects of the drug, such as drowsiness, have subsided, and as their medical condition permits. The potential for a synergistic CNS-depressant effect when VALTOCO is used with alcohol or other CNS depressants must be considered, and appropriate recommendations made to the patient and/or care partner. Suicidal Behavior and Ideation Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), including VALTOCO, increase the risk of suicidal ideation and behavior. Patients treated with any AED for any indication should be monitored for the emergence or worsening of depression, suicidal thoughts or behavior, and/or unusual changes in mood or behavior. Glaucoma Benzodiazepines, including VALTOCO, can increase intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma. VALTOCO may only be used in patients with open-angle glaucoma only if they are receiving appropriate therapy. VALTOCO is contraindicated in patients with narrow-angle glaucoma. Neonatal Sedation and Withdrawal Syndrome Use of VALTOCO late in pregnancy can result in sedation (respiratory depression, lethargy, hypotonia) and/or withdrawal symptoms (hyperreflexia, irritability, restlessness, tremors, inconsolable crying, and feeding difficulties) in the neonate. Monitor neonates exposed to VALTOCO during pregnancy or labor for signs of sedation and monitor neonates exposed to VALTOCO during pregnancy for signs of withdrawal; manage these neonates accordingly. Risk of Serious Adverse Reactions in Infants due to Benzyl Alcohol Preservative VALTOCO is not approved for use in neonates or infants. Serious and fatal adverse reactions, including "gasping syndrome," can occur in neonates and low-birth-weight infants treated with benzyl alcohol–preserved drugs, including VALTOCO. The "gasping syndrome" is characterized by central nervous system depression, metabolic acidosis, and gasping respirations. The minimum amount of benzyl alcohol at which serious adverse reactions may occur is not known. Adverse Reactions The most common adverse reactions (at least 4%) were somnolence, headache, and nasal discomfort. Diazepam, the active ingredient in VALTOCO, is a Schedule IV controlled substance. To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Neurelis, Inc. at 1-866-696-3873 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 (). Please read full Prescribing Information , including Boxed Warning. Contacts: Brittany Bradrick, Chief Operating Officer and Chief Financial Officer, +1 858 251 2100 SOURCE Neurelis, Inc. 21% more press release views with Request a Demo

临床1期上市批准

100 项与奥氮平相关的药物交易

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外链

KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D00454	奥氮平	N05AH03	DB00334

研发状态

批准上市

10 条最早获批的记录,

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适应症	国家/地区	公司	日期
化疗引起的恶心和呕吐	日本	CHEPLAPHARM Arzneimittel GmbH	2017-12-25
化疗引起的恶心和呕吐	日本	Eli Lilly & Co.	2017-12-25
躁动	美国	CHEPLAPHARM Arzneimittel GmbH	2009-03-19
抑郁症	美国	CHEPLAPHARM Arzneimittel GmbH	2009-03-19
难治性抑郁症	美国	CHEPLAPHARM Arzneimittel GmbH	2009-03-19
双相情感障碍及相关疾病	中国	Eli Lilly & Co.	2006-01-01
躁郁症1型	美国	CHEPLAPHARM Arzneimittel GmbH	1996-09-30
躁郁症	欧盟	CHEPLAPHARM Arzneimittel GmbH	1996-09-27
躁郁症	冰岛	CHEPLAPHARM Arzneimittel GmbH	1996-09-27
躁郁症	列支敦士登	CHEPLAPHARM Arzneimittel GmbH	1996-09-27
躁郁症	挪威	CHEPLAPHARM Arzneimittel GmbH	1996-09-27
躁狂	欧盟	CHEPLAPHARM Arzneimittel GmbH	1996-09-27
躁狂	冰岛	CHEPLAPHARM Arzneimittel GmbH	1996-09-27
躁狂	列支敦士登	CHEPLAPHARM Arzneimittel GmbH	1996-09-27
躁狂	挪威	CHEPLAPHARM Arzneimittel GmbH	1996-09-27
精神分裂症	欧盟	CHEPLAPHARM Arzneimittel GmbH	1996-09-27
精神分裂症	冰岛	CHEPLAPHARM Arzneimittel GmbH	1996-09-27
精神分裂症	列支敦士登	CHEPLAPHARM Arzneimittel GmbH	1996-09-27
精神分裂症	挪威	CHEPLAPHARM Arzneimittel GmbH	1996-09-27

未上市

10 条进展最快的记录,

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适应症	最高研发状态	国家/地区	公司	日期
实体瘤	临床3期	中国	江苏豪森药业集团有限公司	2020-10-01
呕吐	临床3期	中国	江苏豪森药业集团有限公司	2020-10-01
病理性赌博症	临床3期	美国	Eli Lilly & Co.	2007-02-01
FOXG1 syndrome	临床3期	荷兰	Eli Lilly Group Ltd.	2006-11-16
体重增加	临床3期	美国	Eli Lilly & Co.	2006-11-01
体重增加	临床3期	巴西	Eli Lilly & Co.	2006-11-01
体重增加	临床3期	以色列	Eli Lilly & Co.	2006-11-01
体重增加	临床3期	墨西哥	Eli Lilly & Co.	2006-11-01
体重增加	临床3期	俄罗斯	Eli Lilly & Co.	2006-11-01
体重增加	临床3期	韩国	Eli Lilly & Co.	2006-11-01

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临床结果

适应症

分期

评价

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研究	分期	人群特征	评价人数	分组	结果	评价	发布日期


ASCO2026	N/A	放疗引起的恶心和呕吐	3,145	Olanzapine-containing regimens	鹹艱網築艱糧餘構網鬱(築鹽憲夢鹹選鬱獵選構) = 築壓窪憲壓壓鏇簾遞蓋窪齋壓築憲衊觸齋膚夢 (鏇齋選窪製範觸鏇艱鏇 ) 更多	积极	2026-05-29
				NK1-based triple therapy	鹹艱網築艱糧餘構網鬱(築鹽憲夢鹹選鬱獵選構) = 憲衊選鹹糧衊積築簾鏇窪齋壓築憲衊觸齋膚夢 (鏇齋選窪製範觸鏇艱鏇 ) 更多
ASCO2026	临床3期	厌食症	103	Olanzapine 2.5 mg	鏇壓簾積簾鑰窪鹹範網(獵鹽鏇膚糧憲網鑰鹹遞) = 遞簾網繭選網構遞壓壓夢襯簾積積糧廠窪鑰積 (選醖醖獵遞憲網壓壓遞 ) 更多	积极	2026-05-29
				Placebo	鏇壓簾積簾鑰窪鹹範網(獵鹽鏇膚糧憲網鑰鹹遞) = 蓋鬱選醖壓壓鹽獵範製夢襯簾積積糧廠窪鑰積 (選醖醖獵遞憲網壓壓遞 ) 更多
ASCO2026	N/A	化疗引起的恶心和呕吐	1,557	Olanzapine-based triple antiemetic regimens	選鏇構築網選顧醖積觸(觸襯廠鹹膚餘廠範構範): RR = 1.09 (95.0% CI, 0.98 ~ 1.2) 更多	积极	2026-05-29
				Aprepitant-based triple antiemetic regimens
INPHOG-SUPP-22-03 (ASCO2026)	临床3期	化疗引起的恶心和呕吐	310	Dexamethasone, palonosetron, and fosaprepitant	鹹鑰鑰積鑰鏇窪網築鏇(築顧壓鹹衊願製壓簾網) = 蓋鬱觸艱壓蓋鬱鏇顧觸淵壓鏇窪夢網夢艱願醖 (襯糧鹽糧醖醖遞網廠壓 ) 更多	非劣	2026-05-29
				Olanzapine, palonosetron, and fosaprepitant	鹹鑰鑰積鑰鏇窪網築鏇(築顧壓鹹衊願製壓簾網) = 願淵醖齋顧壓衊觸襯蓋淵壓鏇窪夢網夢艱願醖 (襯糧鹽糧醖醖遞網廠壓 ) 更多
NCT05676294 (Pubmed \| Anesthesiology)	临床3期	恶心和呕吐	384	Olanzapine 5 mg + Olanzapine 5 mg Ondansetron	鹽繭憲憲襯鏇廠範願遞(廠網糧積顧鹽糧壓遞繭): Difference = 4.8 (95.0% CI, 2.0 ~ 7.6), P-Value = 0.001 更多	积极	2026-05-20
				Placebo + Dexamethasone & Ondansetron
NCT05803642 (Pubmed \| Drug Des Devel Ther)	临床3期	躁动	317	QLG2072 (10 mg per injection)	範範膚鬱觸淵繭艱壓窪(積淵築膚壓製範淵選衊) = 蓋鑰鏇憲觸廠顧製鹹襯鑰襯憲餘觸衊願遞構範 (顧齋簾襯壓願顧餘壓顧, -10.02 ~ -8.72) 更多	非劣	2026-02-01
				Haloperidol (7.5 mg per injection)	範範膚鬱觸淵繭艱壓窪(積淵築膚壓製範淵選衊) = 夢範鹹製齋網膚淵衊壓鑰襯憲餘觸衊願遞構範 (顧齋簾襯壓願顧餘壓顧, -10.04 ~ -8.75) 更多
NCT06319170 (CTgov)	临床1期	分裂情感性障碍 \| 精神分裂症	106	Olanzapine (Cohort 1: Olanzapine (Fast-D))	繭窪膚餘鬱鹹壓蓋憲築(網襯憲築醖壓網顧範衊) = 鏇遞製積廠鬱鬱鹹繭網壓襯壓淵襯夢遞鬱獵憲 (齋齋襯窪鑰網鏇範範窪, 45.10) 更多	-	2026-01-26
				Olanzapine (Cohort 2: Olanzapine (To-be-marketed))	繭窪膚餘鬱鹹壓蓋憲築(網襯憲築醖壓網顧範衊) = 鬱鑰衊範鏇獵衊繭願淵壓襯壓淵襯夢遞鬱獵憲 (齋齋襯窪鑰網鏇範範窪, 67.55) 更多
ESMO_ASIA2025	N/A	肺癌	154	Low dose olanzapine	憲鏇製衊積襯鑰糧鏇鑰(夢醖餘鬱獵觸鬱選願願) = 選廠窪衊遞廠壓鑰蓋鏇範壓壓淵齋積鹽範顧觸 (齋鹹鹹衊鹹積積築鏇衊 ) 更多	积极	2025-12-06
				Megestrol acetate	憲鏇製衊積襯鑰糧鏇鑰(夢醖餘鬱獵觸鬱選願願) = 襯壓襯窪淵築窪憲遞醖範壓壓淵齋積鹽範顧觸 (齋鹹鹹衊鹹積積築鏇衊 ) 更多
ESMO_ASIA2025	N/A	化疗引起的恶心和呕吐	139	Olanzapine+ondansetron+dexamethasone	鹹範襯構構憲鏇繭憲醖(選衊淵襯糧築願獵齋膚) = 選齋夢憲衊窪選齋網膚製遞範願簾壓顧構廠範 (廠遞膚鬱餘艱鏇製醖衊 ) 更多	积极	2025-12-06
				Placebo+ondansetron+dexamethasone	鹹範襯構構憲鏇繭憲醖(選衊淵襯糧築願獵齋膚) = 簾壓鬱鑰鬱築襯繭餘膚製遞範願簾壓顧構廠範 (廠遞膚鬱餘艱鏇製醖衊 ) 更多
ESMO_ASIA2025	N/A	化疗引起的恶心和呕吐	113	NK-1 RA	鬱窪壓壓淵遞鹽餘製齋(鏇願構膚鬱築簾築餘築) = 獵積鑰醖艱觸餘鏇構憲鏇選廠積網簾壓選顧窪 (餘憲鬱膚艱衊蓋鹽醖蓋 ) 更多	积极	2025-12-06
				Olanzapine	鬱窪壓壓淵遞鹽餘製齋(鏇願構膚鬱築簾築餘築) = 窪網夢襯簾膚範窪築觸鏇選廠積網簾壓選顧窪 (餘憲鬱膚艱衊蓋鹽醖蓋 ) 更多