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更新于：2026-03-08
The University of Hong Kong
更新于：2026-03-08
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NCT07448649
Messaging-and-chatbot-assisted Nursing Consultation to Empower Family Members of Residents Living in Nursing Homes on Advance Care Planning (ChatACP)
NCT07444866
Developing and Testing a Machine Learning Enabled Management of Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia Intervention for Dementia Caregivers: A Hybrid Experimental Design Study
NCT07310433
Dapagliflozin Combined With Next-generation Hormonal Agent (NHA) Versus Single NHA in Participants With Metastatic Castrate-resistant Prostate Cancer: a Phase 2, Multicenter, Open-label, Randomized Controlled Trial
100 项与 香港大学 相关的临床结果
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2026-12-31Pulmonology
Pulmonary blood volume redistribution in COVID-19 patients of different severity and its predictive value for six-month outcomes in the less pathogenic Omicron variant
Article
作者: Wu, Zifeng ; Hu, Ge ; Tian, Xinlun ; Tan, Weixiong ; Song, Wei ; Song, Lan ; Jin, Zhengyu ; Zhu, Zhenchen ; Yu, Yizhou ; Pan, Zhengsong ; Han, Wei ; Zhou, Zhen
BACKGROUND:
The redistribution of pulmonary blood volume (PBV) across COVID-19 severity levels and its prognostic value for the less pathogenic, predominantly upper respiratory tract-infecting Omicron variant remain unclear. This study investigates PBV distribution patterns and validates its predictive utility for Omicron outcomes.
METHODS:
This retrospective study enrolled consecutive patients (November 2022-January 2023) with baseline CT and clinical data, followed for six months. Patients were divided into mild/moderate (MM) and severe/critical (SC) groups according to COVID-19 severity. Pre-trained deep learning algorithms quantified total, lobar, and vessel-size-specific PBV. Adjusted multivariable analyses determined odds ratios (OR) for clinical outcomes, and logistic regression models based on PBV were constructed to predict adverse events.
RESULTS:
Among 921 patients (61 ± 20 years, 460 men), 755 were in the MM group and 166 in the SC group. Compared to MM patients, SC patients showed significantly lower total PBV (259 mL vs. 239 mL, p = 0.002) and redistribution from lower to upper lobes (upper vs. lower; MM, 21% vs. 23%; SC, 23% vs. 18%) and from small-calibre (≤5 mm2, 44% vs. 32%, p < 0.0005) to large-calibre (>10 mm2, 39% vs. 51%, p < 0.0005) vessels. PBV (especially in vessels ≤5 mm2) predicted six-month composite outcomes (OR = 4.66, AUC = 0.79, sensitivity = 92%) and mortality (OR = 3.34, AUC = 0.75, sensitivity = 93%) for the Omicron variant with high sensitivity, but at a higher risk threshold (42%) than that reported for more pathogenic variants in previous publications.
CONCLUSIONS:
Severe/critical COVID-19 is associated with reduced PBV and its redistribution across lung regions and vessel sizes. PBV retains predictive value for clinical outcomes in the immune-evasive Omicron variant.
2026-12-31Gut Microbes
Novel bacterium
Enterocloster
sp. M3 promotes colorectal tumorigenesis via the production of the carcinogen styrene
Article
作者: Lu, Jiawei ; Jiang, Liting ; Zhou, Jie ; Zhou, Tingyu ; Huang, Yanqing ; Ye, Silin ; Chiu, Man Chun ; Chen, Jiangying ; Lau, Effie Yin Tung ; Zeng, Yao ; Sun, Yuting ; Liang, Jessie Qiaoyi ; Zheng, Shu ; Chan, Francis Ka Leung ; Fenske, Linda ; Huang, Yao
BACKGROUND:
The bacterial marker 'm3' shows promise for the non-invasive diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) and adenomas. However, the m3-harboring bacterium (M3) had not been successfully cultured.
OBJECTIVE:
This study aims to elucidate the functional mechanisms of M3 in CRC.
DESIGN:
M3 was isolated using a targeted enrichment strategy. Its functional roles were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Bacterial and fecal metabolites were analyzed by untargeted LC-MS and targeted LC/GC-MS. RNA-seq profiled host gene expression altered by M3. Key enzymes were identified through whole-genome sequencing and proteomics.
RESULTS:
M3 is phylogenetically related to Enterocloster aldenensis but exhibits distinct genetic and phenotypic characteristics. M3 significantly promoted colon tumor development in both ApcMin/+ mice and azoxymethane-treated mice. M3 culture supernatant enhanced colon cancer cell proliferation, migration, and cell cycle progression, accelerated xenograft tumor growth, stimulated intestinal organoid expansion, and disrupted DNA damage repair pathways. M3 produced styrene-a recognized human carcinogen-in both in vitro cultures and mouse models, a function not previously reported in bacteria. Importantly, styrene levels were significantly elevated in feces of CRC patients and exceeded WHO safety limit in mouse gut (12.5 vs. 7.7 μg/kg/d). Moreover, we identified novel bacterial enzymes-aspartate ammonia-lyase and uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase-that convert phenylalanine to styrene.
CONCLUSIONS:
This study identifies M3 as a novel pro-tumorigenic bacterium in CRC, capable of direct biosynthesis of the carcinogenic metabolite styrene. We provide the first evidence of bacterial styrene biosynthesis, unveiling a previously unrecognized mechanism by which gut bacteria may promote colorectal tumorigenesis.WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ON THIS TOPICThe bacterial marker m3 has been associated with colorectal cancer, but the bacterium carrying it had not been cultured.Styrene is a recognized environmental carcinogen linked to cancers, and its bacterial biosynthesis had not been reported.WHAT THIS STUDY ADDSWe isolated and characterized the novel bacterium M3, which carries the m3 marker. It is phylogenetically related to Enterocloster aldenensis but possesses distinct genetic and phenotypic features.M3 promotes colorectal tumorigenesis through the production of tumor-promoting metabolites, including styrene.Fecal styrene levels are significantly elevated in colorectal cancer patients.We elucidated the mechanism of direct styrene biosynthesis in M3, identifying two novel enzymes-aspartate ammonia-lyase and uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase-that catalyze this process.HOW THIS STUDY MIGHT AFFECT RESEARCH, PRACTICE OR POLICYM3 and bacterially derived styrene may serve as novel targets for colorectal cancer prevention and treatment strategies.
2026-12-01Nano-Micro Letters
Gas-Phase Construction of Compact Capping Layers for High-Performance Halide Perovskite X-Ray Detectors
Article
作者: Choy, Wallace C H ; Hao, Chuanyun ; Xiao, Shuang ; Zhang, Shoufeng ; Li, Hui ; Wong, Kam Sing ; Zhang, Bin ; Zhang, Xin'an ; Niu, Guangda ; Yang, Bin ; Xue, Bin ; Wang, Xingzhu ; Ye, Kai-Hang ; Zeng, Shengqiao ; Xu, Fang ; Zhou, Cangtao ; Fan, Kezhou ; Qu, Zhang ; Xie, Xiangfan ; Yan, Lei
Abstract:
Halide perovskites have emerged as promising materials for X-ray detection with exceptional properties and reasonable costs. Among them, heterostructures between 3D perovskites and low-dimensional perovskites attract intensive studies of their advantages due to low-level ion migration and decent stability. However, there is still a lack of methods to precisely construct heterostructures and a fundamental understanding of their structure-dependent optoelectronic properties. Herein, a gas-phase method was developed to grow 2D perovskites directly on 3D perovskites with nanoscale accuracy. In addition, the larger steric hindrance of organic layers of 2D perovskites was proved to enable slower ion migration, which resulted in reduced trap states and better stability. Based on MAPbBr
3
single crystals with the (PA)
2
PbBr
4
capping layer, the X-ray detector achieved a sensitivity of 22,245 μC Gy
air−1
cm
−2
, a response speed of 240 μs, and a dark current drift of 1.17 × 10
–4
nA cm
−1
s
−1
V
−1
, which were among the highest reported for state-of-the-art perovskite-based X-ray detectors. This study presents a precise synthesis method to construct perovskite-based heterostructures. It also brings an in-depth understanding of the relationship between lattice structures and properties, which are beneficial for advancing high-performance and cost-effective X-ray detectors.
2026-03-04
2026-03-04
引进/卖出上市批准细胞疗法免疫疗法
2026-03-03
100 项与 香港大学 相关的药物交易
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100 项与 香港大学 相关的转化医学
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