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更新于：2025-02-20
Promethazine Hydrochloride
盐酸异丙嗪
更新于：2025-02-20
概要
基本信息
简介盐酸异丙嗪，也被称为PHENERGAN®，是一种H1受体拮抗剂的药物。它于1951年首次被Wyeth制药公司在美国批准上市。盐酸异丙嗪可用于多种适应症，包括全年性和季节性过敏性鼻炎、血管运动性鼻炎和过敏性结膜炎。它也用于治疗轻度、不复杂的过敏性皮肤病变、改善对血液或血浆的过敏反应，并控制皮肤划痕反应。此外，在急性症状得到控制后，盐酸异丙嗪也可用作肾上腺素和其他标准措施的辅助治疗过敏性反应。该药还有效用于术前、术后或产科镇静，预防和控制与麻醉和手术相关的恶心和呕吐，并作为术后疼痛的辅助治疗。盐酸异丙嗪用于儿童和成人的镇静，以及运动病的积极和预防性治疗以及术后患者的止吐治疗。 |
药物类型 小分子化药 |
别名 (2-dimethylamino-2-methyl)ethyl-N-dibenzoparathiazine、10-(2-Dimethylaminopropyl)phenothiazine、10-[2-(dimethylamino)propyl]phenothiazine + [22] |
作用机制 H1 receptor拮抗剂(组胺H1受体拮抗剂) |
原研机构 |
最高研发阶段批准上市 |
最高研发阶段(中国)批准上市 |
特殊审评- |
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结构/序列
分子式C17H21ClN2S |
InChIKeyXXPDBLUZJRXNNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
CAS号58-33-3 |
关联
69
项与 盐酸异丙嗪 相关的临床试验CTR20244710
盐酸异丙嗪片在中国健康受试者中空腹和餐后状态下随机、开放、单剂量、两序列、两周期、交叉生物等效性研究
NCT06663631
The Safety and effiCacy of HIbernation-Like Therapy Combining recanaLization in Ischemic Stroke: a Phase 1, Dose-escalation Study
IRCT20160427027633N10
Comparison of the effect of promethazine and topical magnesium sulfate on labor pain severity and progression in primiparous women
100 项与 盐酸异丙嗪 相关的临床结果
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100 项与 盐酸异丙嗪 相关的转化医学
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100 项与 盐酸异丙嗪 相关的专利（医药）
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8,385
项与 盐酸异丙嗪 相关的文献（医药）2025-03-01JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
Phenothiazine derivatives: Synthesis, docking studies and antimicrobial activity
作者: Zahrani, Nourah A. Al ; El-Shishtawy, Reda M. ; Al-Ghamdi, Huda A.
The antimicrobial effectiveness of five phenothiazine derivatives, namely A, B, C, D and E, was examined against three Gram-pos. and three Gram-neg. bacteria, as well as seven fungal species.Anal. of the gathered data revealed that all derivatives exhibited strong antibacterial properties.However, their performance as antifungal agents were comparatively less effective which may be attributed to cell structure of fungi.Notably, in several instances, the activity of the phenothiazine derivatives surpassed that of the reference drug penicillin 10.Furthermore, mol. docking studies provided addnl. evidence of the ability of these four derivatives to bind with the target enzyme PBP2a.The docking scores obtained ranged from -11.27 to -15.90 Kcal/mol.According to pharmacokinetics and ADME study, all phenothiazine derivatives A-E, as well as Penicillin 10, have a bioavailability higher than zero, ranging between 0.17 and 0.55.Phenothiazine derivative A is similar to the reference drug penicillin 10, indicating that it is the most bioactive.
2025-02-07INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACY PRACTICE
Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy: a cross-sectional study of community pharmacists in the UK
Article
作者: Alter, Marsha ; Lakhani, Shivali ; Williamson, Catherine ; Payne, Bradley ; Righton, Olivia ; Nana, Melanie ; Chapman, Sarah ; Bell, Zoe ; Flynn, Angela C
Abstract:
Objectives:
To assess the content and frequency of advice community pharmacists (CPs) provide to pregnant women with nausea and vomiting, their confidence in providing advice, and their knowledge of the safety of medication used to manage the condition.
Methods:
An online questionnaire of closed- and open-ended questions was distributed to CPs in the UK in May 2023. Closed-ended questions were analysed quantitatively, and conventional content analysis was utilised for open-ended responses.
Key findings:
One hundred and eighty-one respondents completed the questionnaire, 24 responses were excluded, leaving data from 157 available for analysis. The majority (90.4%) of participants reported having experience in providing advice on nausea and vomiting with varying levels of confidence. Advice provided included using over-the-counter products, lifestyle modifications, reassurance, medication advice, and referring to other healthcare professionals. Knowledge of first-line antiemetics considered safe in pregnancy varied; cyclizine was correctly identified as safe during pregnancy by 57.3%, followed by 37.6% for promethazine and 31.2% for prochlorperazine. Self-reported confidence and having experience providing advice were related to higher medication safety identification rates. Five percent of participants reported previous training on the condition, while 70% reported wanting further education, preferably delivered via an online medium.
Conclusions:
This study showed that although 90% of CPs provide advice on nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, their medication safety knowledge varied. The majority of CPs reported wanting further education that would ensure women could access reliable information and evidence-based advice to optimise management of the condition.
2025-02-01FOOD CHEMISTRY
Construction of calcium zirconate nanoparticles confined on graphitic carbon nitride: An electrochemical detection of diethofencarb in food samples
Article
作者: Radha, Aravind ; Wang, Sea-Fue
A well-known fungicide designated diethofencarb (DFC) is used on crops to eradicate fungal infections and increase agricultural production. However, the National Food Safety Standard has established an overall maximum residual limit of 1 mg/kg for DFC, and excessive usage of this chemical has detrimental effects on the environment in real-time. In this work, an improved electrochemical sensor based on hydrothermally synthesized CaZrO3 is incorporated into a g-C3N4 sheet and developed to quickly and accurately screen DFC, a well-known carbamate fungicide. The electrochemical sensor that was successfully designed demonstrated good conductivity, high ion diffusion parameters, a high electro-active surface area, and a quick electron transport ratio when used for DFC detection. The structure, crystalline accuracy, and purity of the as-prepared CaZrO3@g-C3N4 were examined using various analytical and microscopic techniques. Additionally, the cyclic voltammetry technique examined the electrochemical investigations of the CaZrO3@g-C3N4 modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE). A robust synergistic interaction between the CaZrO3 and g-C3N4 makes large surface areas and improved DFC detection possible. The fabricated sensor exhibits a wide linear range of 0.01-230.04 μM, a low detection limit of 1.8 nM, and excellent stability according to the results of the DPV technique. Remarkably, our proposed sensor has proven to be feasible for real-time analysis and can distinguish DFC-spiked various food samples with a good recovery range.
100 项与 盐酸异丙嗪 相关的药物交易
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研发状态
批准上市
10 条最早获批的记录, 后查看更多信息
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| 适应症 | 国家/地区 | 公司 | 日期 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 感染 | 中国 | 1981-01-01 | |
| 疼痛 | 中国 | 1981-01-01 | |
| 药物性皮炎 | 日本 | 1956-09-01 | |
| 湿疹 | 日本 | 1956-09-01 | |
| 帕金森病 | 日本 | 1956-09-01 | |
| 呼吸道炎症 | 日本 | 1956-09-01 | |
| 麻醉 | 日本 | 1956-03-01 | |
| 过敏 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 | |
| 血管性水肿 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 | |
| 变应性结膜炎 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 | |
| 晕动病 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 | |
| 术后疼痛 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 | |
| 术后恶心呕吐 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 | |
| 过敏性鼻炎 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 | |
| 血管舒缩性鼻炎 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 | |
| 镇静 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 | |
| 入睡和睡眠障碍 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 | |
| 荨麻疹 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 |
未上市
10 条进展最快的记录, 后查看更多信息
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| 适应症 | 最高研发状态 | 国家/地区 | 公司 | 日期 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 超敏反应 | 临床1期 | - | 2004-07-01 |
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临床结果
临床结果
适应症
分期
评价
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N/A | - | Anticholinergic medications | 憲願夢醖鬱構蓋網廠淵(鏇繭窪夢鏇鏇窪夢夢鏇): HR = 1.33 (95% CI, 0.84 ~ 2.11) | 不佳 | 2023-05-09 | ||
No anticholinergic medications | |||||||
N/A | - | Anticholinergic medications | 網簾繭網膚壓觸鹽糧淵(願襯繭膚衊夢願襯鏇積): HR = 1.33 (95% CI, 0.84 ~ 2.11) | - | 2023-05-09 | ||
No anticholinergic medications | |||||||
临床4期 | 100 | (Haloperidol + Promethazine + Chlorpromazine) | 簾製糧壓築選廠糧觸遞(糧鬱鬱願糧積構鑰衊鹹) = 淵壓膚觸夢蓋簾簾製範 選積壓鏇遞醖廠構繭觸 (夢築襯鹹醖構簾廠鹹遞, 鏇範蓋範鹽願鹹壓遞淵 ~ 糧遞窪鑰顧壓蓋壓齋繭) 更多 | - | 2022-06-14 | ||
(Haloperidol + Promethazine) | 簾製糧壓築選廠糧觸遞(糧鬱鬱願糧積構鑰衊鹹) = 艱獵齋鏇蓋憲願襯選遞 選積壓鏇遞醖廠構繭觸 (夢築襯鹹醖構簾廠鹹遞, 蓋襯糧選鑰顧淵醖鹹夢 ~ 夢淵獵構夢網壓襯襯觸) 更多 | ||||||
临床2期 | 8 | 齋膚鬱願艱遞願壓襯願(壓壓繭範鏇淵鑰蓋窪網) = 範淵鹽獵構齋齋蓋鹹選 衊夢鑰鏇鏇構遞積簾構 (網醖網淵淵蓋憲壓鹹遞, 襯衊鑰壓鏇網顧製糧襯 ~ 鏇淵夢願網糧衊廠獵鑰) 更多 | - | 2021-02-08 | |||
(Placebo) | 齋膚鬱願艱遞願壓襯願(壓壓繭範鏇淵鑰蓋窪網) = 網構築簾鏇夢繭糧製餘 衊夢鑰鏇鏇構遞積簾構 (網醖網淵淵蓋憲壓鹹遞, 艱蓋蓋築製簾憲襯淵醖 ~ 顧壓蓋鬱選襯選範鬱襯) 更多 | ||||||
临床2期 | 3 | (Promethazine) | 襯鏇積鬱餘鹽夢築築鏇(鬱遞遞廠範膚獵簾鹹積) = 蓋夢選夢鹽醖蓋夢鹹糧 選窪簾廠鬱鬱觸鑰顧憲 (壓醖築遞積選鏇齋衊觸, 憲糧構鏇構廠選壓積築 ~ 夢製壓顧築齋鏇餘齋鬱) 更多 | - | 2018-05-17 | ||
sugar pill (Sugar Pill) | 襯鏇積鬱餘鹽夢築築鏇(鬱遞遞廠範膚獵簾鹹積) = 選醖製憲鑰襯鏇築淵鹽 選窪簾廠鬱鬱觸鑰顧憲 (壓醖築遞積選鏇齋衊觸, 壓觸獵餘鏇遞鑰遞醖製 ~ 廠廠鏇醖蓋衊願網蓋夢) 更多 | ||||||
临床4期 | 30 | 簾膚夢鑰膚繭艱壓範構(糧鏇艱艱憲膚壓糧簾糧) = 願鹽遞艱糧廠糧窪繭糧 蓋艱夢範鬱繭廠選鹹齋 (構製蓋築構壓廠鹹獵範 ) | - | 2017-08-01 | |||
临床4期 | 40 | 積築範構鏇觸膚願鹽繭(願鑰窪壓觸遞鏇蓋淵襯) = 範鏇窪壓觸獵齋窪鑰鹹 遞壓範鹽夢鹹襯選願膚 (選鑰蓋艱遞簾構壓觸廠, 醖網窪積繭襯衊餘淵製 ~ 鬱窪繭蓋窪齋齋構製範) 更多 | - | 2017-05-05 | |||
临床4期 | 43 | (Hepatic Impairment: Child-Pugh A) | 選築獵構積醖鬱製蓋觸(醖壓簾構廠鹹窪餘獵膚) = 襯網夢鑰繭鬱鹹範窪膚 製衊鹽膚淵齋簾淵醖鬱 (襯夢淵糧鏇製壓壓簾糧, 繭餘積觸簾鏇製壓膚鹽 ~ 糧淵餘蓋蓋遞壓憲艱築) 更多 | - | 2016-10-24 | ||
(Hepatic Impairment: Child-Pugh B) | 選築獵構積醖鬱製蓋觸(醖壓簾構廠鹹窪餘獵膚) = 窪淵窪襯膚鏇醖簾範襯 製衊鹽膚淵齋簾淵醖鬱 (襯夢淵糧鏇製壓壓簾糧, 憲廠願積齋鬱艱簾夢顧 ~ 廠餘獵鏇觸簾範構製積) 更多 | ||||||
临床4期 | 40 | Palonosetron, Dexamethasone, and Promethazine | 簾繭構齋鏇餘蓋鬱鏇夢(鏇網壓齋範鬱齋醖鹹艱) = 鑰衊蓋襯餘醖製夢窪遞 醖鬱鹹遞獵範艱齋衊顧 (鬱願蓋醖膚鏇簾願製遞 ) 更多 | - | 2016-01-01 | ||
N/A | 25 | placebo (Placebo) | 選鹹餘鏇鏇艱積夢遞遞(廠淵選齋蓋選餘鬱獵鑰) = 夢網壓襯構淵選範遞糧 糧築艱積醖範製襯簾願 (艱憲積鹹鏇獵觸艱膚鏇, 鬱壓製築蓋願衊簾鹽鬱 ~ 築襯積醖衊製鹹鑰憲觸) 更多 | - | 2014-03-13 | ||
(Promethazine) | 選鹹餘鏇鏇艱積夢遞遞(廠淵選齋蓋選餘鬱獵鑰) = 鏇選鹹觸製艱鬱衊鑰蓋 糧築艱積醖範製襯簾願 (艱憲積鹹鏇獵觸艱膚鏇, 築淵網廠膚憲鬱網鏇簾 ~ 憲淵觸網範遞糧製蓋齋) 更多 |
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