更新于：2024-12-14
Promethazine Hydrochloride
盐酸异丙嗪
更新于：2024-12-14
概要
基本信息
简介盐酸异丙嗪，也被称为PHENERGAN®，是一种H1受体拮抗剂的药物。它于1951年首次被Wyeth制药公司在美国批准上市。盐酸异丙嗪可用于多种适应症，包括全年性和季节性过敏性鼻炎、血管运动性鼻炎和过敏性结膜炎。它也用于治疗轻度、不复杂的过敏性皮肤病变、改善对血液或血浆的过敏反应，并控制皮肤划痕反应。此外，在急性症状得到控制后，盐酸异丙嗪也可用作肾上腺素和其他标准措施的辅助治疗过敏性反应。该药还有效用于术前、术后或产科镇静，预防和控制与麻醉和手术相关的恶心和呕吐，并作为术后疼痛的辅助治疗。盐酸异丙嗪用于儿童和成人的镇静，以及运动病的积极和预防性治疗以及术后患者的止吐治疗。 |
药物类型 小分子化药 |
别名 (2-dimethylamino-2-methyl)ethyl-N-dibenzoparathiazine、10-(2-Dimethylaminopropyl)phenothiazine、10-[2-(dimethylamino)propyl]phenothiazine + [20] |
作用机制 H1 receptor拮抗剂(组胺H1受体拮抗剂) |
原研机构 |
最高研发阶段批准上市 |
最高研发阶段(中国)批准上市 |
特殊审评- |
登录后查看时间轴
结构
分子式C17H21ClN2S |
InChIKeyXXPDBLUZJRXNNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
CAS号58-33-3 |
关联
68
项与 盐酸异丙嗪 相关的临床试验The Safety and EffiCacy of HIbernation-Like Therapy Combining RecanaLization in Ischemic Stroke: a Phase 1, Dose-escalation Study
Comparison of the effect of promethazine and topical magnesium sulfate on labor pain severity and progression in primiparous women
Observation of Oxaliplatin Hypersensitivity and Neurotoxicity in GI Tract, and Reuse of Oxaliplatin Hypersensitivity in Gastrointestinal Tumors: A Prospective, Open-Label, Multicenter, Phase II Study
100 项与 盐酸异丙嗪 相关的临床结果
登录后查看更多信息
100 项与 盐酸异丙嗪 相关的转化医学
登录后查看更多信息
100 项与 盐酸异丙嗪 相关的专利（医药）
登录后查看更多信息
2,911
项与 盐酸异丙嗪 相关的文献（医药）2024-12-06MEDICINE
To explore the protective mechanism of promethazine against hippocampal neuron injury based on network pharmacology and experimental verification
Article
作者: Bai, Li ; Li, Fang
This study aims to investigate the effect of promethazine (PMZ) on hippocampal neuronal injury through network pharmacology and in vivo experiments. Network pharmacology: The intersection genes of PMZ and Alzheimer Disease (AD) were obtained, and the core genes of PMZ in AD were screened. The intersection genes were enriched by Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses. In the in vitro experiment, mouse hippocampal neurons (HT22) were divided into control, glutamate (GLU) model, and GLU + PMZ treatment groups. The control group was given a complete culture medium, the model group was given GLU for 24 hours, the treatment group was given PMZ pretreatment for 3 hours, and then GLU was administered for 24 hours. Cell viability was determined, cell morphology was observed by microscopy, reactive oxygen species levels and glutathione content were detected, and protein expression of P53, PTGS2, SLC7A11, and GPX4 was detected by western blotting. Network pharmacology: A total of 317 PMZ targets, 1934 AD genes, 125 intersection genes, and 18 core genes, including P53 and PTGS2. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis showed that the effect of PMZ on AD was mainly related to cell proliferation, inflammation, hypoxia, synaptic structure, plasma membrane, and oxidoreductase activity. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes results showed neuroactive ligand–receptor interaction, cell senescence, cancer pathway, PI3K-AKT signal pathway, neurodegeneration, and HIF-1 signal pathway. In vitro experiments: PMZ improved the GLU-induced decrease in cell viability and morphological changes in hippocampal neurons. PMZ inhibited reactive oxygen species levels and increased glutathione content in injured hippocampal neurons. Up-regulated of P53, SLC7A11 and GPX4 expression, and inhibited expression of PTGS2. PMZ regulates the SLC7A11–GPX4 antioxidant system to protect hippocampal neurons from oxidative stress injury.
2024-12-01MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY
Repurposing promethazine hydrochloride to inhibit biofilm formation against Burkholderia thailandensis
Article
作者: Yin, Lu-Jun ; Xu, Kai-Zhong ; You, Chang ; Jia, Ai-Qun ; Xiang, Shi-Liang ; Dar, Owias Iqbal ; Wang, Ying-Jie
Melioidosis is a severe infectious disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, an intracellular pathogen with a high mortality rate and significant antibiotic resistance. The high mortality rate and resistance to antibiotics have drawn considerable attention from researchers studying melioidosis. This study evaluated the effects of various concentrations (75, 50, and 25 µg/mL) of promethazine hydrochloride (PTZ), a potent antihistamine, on biofilm formation and lipase activity after 24 h of exposure to B. thailandensis E264. A concentration-dependent decrease in both biofilm biomass and lipase activity was observed. RT-PCR analysis revealed that PTZ treatment not only made the biofilm structure loose but also reduced the expression of btaR1, btaR2, btaR3, and scmR. Single gene knockouts of quorum sensing (QS) receptor proteins (∆btaR1, ∆btaR2, and ∆btaR3) were successfully constructed. Deletion of btaR1 affected biofilm formation in B. thailandensis, while deletion of btaR2 and btaR3 led to reduced lipase activity. Molecular docking and biological performance results demonstrated that PTZ inhibits biofilm formation and lipase activity by suppressing the expression of QS-regulated genes. This study found that repositioning PTZ reduced biofilm formation in B. thailandensis E264, suggesting a potential new approach for combating melioidosis.
2024-11-25Qatar medical journal
The hyperemesis gravidarum and pulmonary embolism: A case report and review of literature
Article
作者: Nashrah, Umme ; Shaikh, Nissar ; Suleiman, Roaa Nasser ; Amara, Umm E ; Ummunnisa, Firdos
Background: Nausea and vomiting occur in more than 70% of pregnant women, and only 2% of these females progress into hyperemesis gravidarum (HG). HG is the persistent and excessive vomiting before the 22nd week of gestation. HG patients can develop life-threatening electrolyte disturbances or thromboembolism. Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a thromboembolism that blocks and stops blood flow to an artery in the lung. Both HG and PE increase morbidity and mortality in pregnant patients. HG patients developing PE are reported only in two patients with fatal outcomes in the literature. We report a case of PE in a hospitalized HG patient with a better outcome.Case Presentation: A 26-year-old previously healthy gravida 3 and para 2 patient was admitted to the Women Wellness and Research Center with HG at 10 weeks of gestation. She developed nausea and vomiting at 6 weeks of gestation and was treated in the emergency department, where she was started on intravenous (IV) fluids for hydration, an antiemetic, and deltaparin for prevention of deep venous thrombosis (DVT), as she was pregnant and dehydrated. She was on potassium replacement therapy for hypokalemia. The patient was improving; still had vomiting, but less frequent. On day 3, following admission, the patient suddenly developed hemoptysis, chest pain, and palpitation. She was tachycardic (120 bpm) and tachypneic (30 breaths per minute). She was feeling dizzy, and her oxygen saturation (Spo2) was around 95%. Her chest was clear on examination. Computerized tomographic pulmonary angiography showed bilateral PE. She was admitted to the highdependency unit. The patient was tachypneic and tachycardic and required non-invasive ventilation. A therapeutic dose of enoxaparin (1 mg/kg) was started and supplemented with fentanyl plus paracetamol for analgesia, continued IV fluids, and promethazine.Her respiratory symptoms and tachycardia improved by day 6, she was transferred to the ward from there and discharged home by day 10, on enoxaparin therapeutic dose (1 mg/kg), and follow up in outpatient clinics showed no issues, and she is doing fine.Discussion: HG is a severe clinical disease in pregnancy where patients have intractable nausea and vomiting with increased morbidity and even mortality. These patients frequently present with ketonuria, dehydration, electrolyte abnormalities, and a weight loss of 7%. Rarely, these patients’ present with severe vitamin deficiency, causing a neurological emergency called Wernicke’s encephalopathy. The occurrence of DVT is one of the main risk factors due to prothrombotic conditions in pregnancy in combination with dehydration in these patients. The occurrence of PE is reported in two cases of HG in the post-mortem. Our patient developed bilateral PE, a medical emergency due to immobility, dehydration, and prothrombotic predominance during pregnancy. PE was detected early and managed, leading to a better outcome.Conclusion: HG should be diagnosed early, followed by admission of the patient to the hospital. Our patient with HG was complicated by a rare bilateral PE due to a combination of pregnancy, dehydration, and immobility, despite DVT prophylaxis with a favorable outcome. Clinicians should have an index of suspicion for DVT and PE in these dehydrated pregnant patients. A high index of suspicion, early diagnosis, and management by a multidisciplinary team are key for better outcomes of PE in our HG patient.
100 项与 盐酸异丙嗪 相关的药物交易
登录后查看更多信息
研发状态
批准上市
10 条最早获批的记录, 后查看更多信息
登录
| 适应症 | 国家/地区 | 公司 | 日期 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 感染 | 中国 | 1981-01-01 | |
| 疼痛 | 中国 | 1981-01-01 | |
| 麻醉 | 日本 | 1956-03-01 | |
| 过敏 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 | |
| 血管性水肿 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 | |
| 变应性结膜炎 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 | |
| 晕动病 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 | |
| 术后疼痛 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 | |
| 术后恶心呕吐 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 | |
| 过敏性鼻炎 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 | |
| 血管舒缩性鼻炎 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 | |
| 镇静 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 | |
| 入睡和睡眠障碍 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 | |
| 荨麻疹 | 美国 | 1952-04-11 |
未上市
10 条进展最快的记录, 后查看更多信息
登录
| 适应症 | 最高研发状态 | 国家/地区 | 公司 | 日期 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 超敏反应 | 临床1期 | - | 2004-07-01 |
登录后查看更多信息
临床结果
临床结果
适应症
分期
评价
查看全部结果
临床2期 | 8 | 襯鹹獵範鹽繭鹹醖蓋繭(築獵築遞鏇遞繭獵衊餘) = 選鬱衊餘範鏇網積壓醖 壓淵憲觸繭壓選顧遞夢 (築鑰遞觸淵衊願鹹淵窪, 壓糧構餘衊廠鏇鹽選選 ~ 鏇夢膚襯鏇糧選鹽獵鹹) 更多 | - | 2021-02-08 | |||
(Placebo) | 襯鹹獵範鹽繭鹹醖蓋繭(築獵築遞鏇遞繭獵衊餘) = 繭壓遞鹽壓範網襯鑰鬱 壓淵憲觸繭壓選顧遞夢 (築鑰遞觸淵衊願鹹淵窪, 餘獵壓選窪憲艱範鹽鹹 ~ 艱窪窪鹹選窪膚醖窪醖) 更多 | ||||||
临床2期 | 3 | (Promethazine) | 繭鏇鬱膚壓遞醖繭壓觸(鑰壓醖鬱壓製廠壓築觸) = 壓淵積繭蓋繭觸窪襯窪 遞製獵憲淵襯觸艱壓膚 (膚夢構淵淵製範醖憲淵, 襯衊選鹹繭鏇製網憲鹽 ~ 鬱廠網構襯鬱齋網遞觸) 更多 | - | 2018-05-17 | ||
sugar pill (Sugar Pill) | 繭鏇鬱膚壓遞醖繭壓觸(鑰壓醖鬱壓製廠壓築觸) = 簾構積窪膚簾構齋襯選 遞製獵憲淵襯觸艱壓膚 (膚夢構淵淵製範醖憲淵, 鏇夢夢鬱淵廠鏇鹹簾積 ~ 鹽繭製獵範構積獵艱夢) 更多 | ||||||
临床4期 | 30 | 齋顧淵積製範獵願齋範(簾製遞鬱獵遞鏇顧願築) = 鏇齋選鹹遞願夢壓鏇鑰 願範窪膚製廠範糧齋衊 (壓鏇夢鬱鹹壓膚觸顧鬱 ) | - | 2017-08-01 | |||
临床4期 | 40 | 遞製醖構衊顧繭醖齋廠(齋觸選衊鏇築艱壓觸顧) = 膚繭構選構鏇鬱製餘築 選積襯獵憲膚製衊糧繭 (製餘鑰壓窪窪餘壓獵選, 繭淵廠艱膚製壓鑰艱簾 ~ 繭選積憲壓衊廠鹹選製) 更多 | - | 2017-05-05 | |||
临床4期 | 43 | (Hepatic Impairment: Child-Pugh A) | 夢鏇顧齋積網鬱鏇選觸(糧醖壓鬱窪製鬱鏇膚積) = 觸醖糧網鏇蓋積築壓鹽 積製憲鹹願選遞衊齋廠 (鏇醖蓋簾製膚糧憲鑰積, 願艱願襯餘齋餘淵顧窪 ~ 獵醖鹹鹽膚觸憲鹽觸願) 更多 | - | 2016-10-24 | ||
(Hepatic Impairment: Child-Pugh B) | 夢鏇顧齋積網鬱鏇選觸(糧醖壓鬱窪製鬱鏇膚積) = 齋選遞衊願構鹹範簾築 積製憲鹹願選遞衊齋廠 (鏇醖蓋簾製膚糧憲鑰積, 製範鏇膚遞積糧繭壓鑰 ~ 構鹽鑰繭壓顧獵鹹鹹夢) 更多 | ||||||
N/A | 25 | placebo (Placebo) | 簾鬱積艱觸憲遞蓋範糧(築觸夢簾鑰簾顧窪窪簾) = 鏇糧鑰繭製獵廠築艱遞 範憲糧簾顧觸網窪製願 (窪齋顧醖襯憲淵網糧鏇, 鏇觸鏇製壓鹽齋鑰襯醖 ~ 蓋觸糧齋積艱淵淵觸鏇) 更多 | - | 2014-03-13 | ||
(Promethazine) | 簾鬱積艱觸憲遞蓋範糧(築觸夢簾鑰簾顧窪窪簾) = 蓋構憲壓遞醖淵觸憲製 範憲糧簾顧觸網窪製願 (窪齋顧醖襯憲淵網糧鏇, 網鹹顧衊襯鏇壓鹹積膚 ~ 齋蓋鹹膚壓製餘廠顧夢) 更多 | ||||||
N/A | 100 | Reletex+Elixir promethazine 25 mg q 6 hours prn after discharge+IV ondansetron 4 mg q 6 hours for a total of 4 doses (Reletex) | 遞築鑰膚膚鏇鹽獵積憲(憲製衊襯襯襯膚齋鹹衊) = 鏇觸糧鬱觸鬱膚鹽鑰鏇 獵觸夢範範夢範夢壓選 (鏇鹽願壓鑰齋製鑰鏇網, 築築糧蓋製糧糧顧膚壓 ~ 淵鹽廠鹽積繭壓醖襯憲) 更多 | - | 2014-03-05 | ||
Reletex+Elixir promethazine 25 mg q 6 hours prn after discharge+IV ondansetron 4 mg q 6 hours for a total of 4 doses (Control) | 遞築鑰膚膚鏇鹽獵積憲(憲製衊襯襯襯膚齋鹹衊) = 淵遞衊範繭鏇糧憲憲鑰 獵觸夢範範夢範夢壓選 (鏇鹽願壓鑰齋製鑰鏇網, 蓋齋齋範選壓繭鏇積淵 ~ 顧淵鏇廠鏇艱憲構膚觸) 更多 | ||||||
临床4期 | 122 | (Aprepitant) | 鏇範網範觸構鹽襯廠齋(窪鏇壓鹹淵構簾選觸衊) = 壓觸憲糧鹽齋憲積壓鏇 簾蓋獵夢簾壓蓋鏇觸餘 (艱觸積壓繭齋糧夢壓築, 築鏇壓選膚壓網齋夢繭 ~ 憲壓製鏇憲繭夢觸夢膚) 更多 | - | 2013-12-03 | ||
(Ondansetron) | 鏇範網範觸構鹽襯廠齋(窪鏇壓鹹淵構簾選觸衊) = 蓋窪淵積齋鏇構艱鏇積 簾蓋獵夢簾壓蓋鏇觸餘 (艱觸積壓繭齋糧夢壓築, 網鬱繭膚積鏇壓餘憲製 ~ 製選齋鏇獵鑰窪壓鏇膚) 更多 | ||||||
N/A | - | - | 製範鹽鑰製築鑰憲憲觸(簾繭鬱憲壓構範獵鹽廠) = Animals that had their seizures terminated following promethazine treatment were free of neuropathology in all susceptible brain regions (i.e., piriform cortex and amygdala) 憲艱遞簾遞觸壓壓網繭 (鏇襯壓淵觸願窪製築醖 ) | - | 2012-10-15 | ||
N/A | 171 | (Ondansetron) | 簾鹹壓齋蓋鹽繭齋鏇鏇(蓋顧鏇蓋蓋窪選選鹽膚) = 鬱壓艱艱蓋簾淵鬱遞鬱 夢蓋窪範網壓築膚繭簾 (鑰憲壓夢鹽糧網觸壓艱, 糧願壓齋願夢範積構糧 ~ 壓艱膚範繭衊窪顧襯簾) 更多 | - | 2011-05-09 | ||
(Metoclopramide) | 簾鹹壓齋蓋鹽繭齋鏇鏇(蓋顧鏇蓋蓋窪選選鹽膚) = 積窪壓簾膚糧餘窪夢襯 夢蓋窪範網壓築膚繭簾 (鑰憲壓夢鹽糧網觸壓艱, 壓鹽鑰簾鑰憲獵壓鏇鹽 ~ 顧夢鑰蓋顧網蓋窪艱構) 更多 |
登录后查看更多信息
转化医学
使用我们的转化医学数据加速您的研究。
登录
或
药物交易
使用我们的药物交易数据加速您的研究。
登录
或
核心专利
使用我们的核心专利数据促进您的研究。
登录
或
临床分析
紧跟全球注册中心的最新临床试验。
登录
或
批准
利用最新的监管批准信息加速您的研究。
登录
或
特殊审评
只需点击几下即可了解关键药物信息。
登录
或
来和芽仔聊天吧
立即开始免费试用!
智慧芽新药情报库是智慧芽专为生命科学人士构建的基于AI的创新药情报平台，助您全方位提升您的研发与决策效率。
立即开始数据试用!
智慧芽新药库数据也通过智慧芽数据服务平台，以API或者数据包形式对外开放，助您更加充分利用智慧芽新药情报信息。
生物序列数据库
生物药研发创新
免费使用
化学结构数据库
小分子化药研发创新
免费使用