Objectives: To compare the safety and efficacy of oral atenolol versus oral metoprolol as a premedication for controlled hypotensive anesthesia during nasal surgeries.
Background: Mucosal bleeding is the most frequent complication with nasal surgeries, as it interferes with the optimal visualization of the intranasal anatomy, increases operation time, and consequently increases blood loss. There are several pharmacological and non-pharmacological techniques for the appropriate control of intraoperative bleeding.
Patients and Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind, phase four, comparative clinical trial; carried out on 60 patients, who were candidates for nasal surgeries under general anesthesia at our hospital. Patients were randomly allocated into two equal groups; group A, received oral atenolol, and group M, received oral metoprolol.

开始日期2025-08-01

申办/合作机构-

NCT06967194

/ RecruitingN/AIIT

Early Beta-Blocker Administration in Patients With ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infraction and SCAI B Status

This study is looking at how a medication called beta-blockers (metoprolol) affects patients with a heart attack (STEMI) who are in the cardiac intensive care unit.
When patients are admitted to the unit, they will be randomly placed in one of two groups. One group will get the metoprolol medication, and the other will receive a placebo (a harmless pill that looks like the real medication). All other treatments will be the same for both groups.
During the study, which is 72 hours long, patients will be monitored for blood pressure, heart rate, and lactate levels alterations.
The main goal is to see if the medication helps improve patients condition or prevent it from getting worse. patients safety is a top priority, and if needed, the doctors can stop the study at any time if there are concerns.

开始日期2025-05-21

申办/合作机构

Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center

ITMCTR2024000536

/ Suspended临床4期

A multicenter randomized controlled study on the efficacy and safety of Qidong Yixin granules combined with metoprolol succinate sustained-release tablets in the treatment of ventricular premature beats (Qi Yin deficiency syndrome)

开始日期2024-11-01

申办/合作机构

杭州中美华东制药有限公司

100 项与琥珀酸美托洛尔相关的临床结果

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100 项与琥珀酸美托洛尔相关的转化医学

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100 项与琥珀酸美托洛尔相关的专利（医药）

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387

项与琥珀酸美托洛尔相关的文献（医药）

2026-01-01·EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES

Development of a 3D printed multiple unit particle system (MUPS) containing metoprolol succinate

Article

作者: Oldfield, Lee Roy ; Seidlitz, Anne ; Fischer, Björn ; Auel, Tobias

This study presents the development and characterisation of dual extrusion 3D printed multiple unit particle system (MUPS) tablets incorporating metoprolol succinate. Pharmaceutical-grade filaments were prepared via hot-melt extrusion, comprising a drug loaded sustained release formulation of Eudragit® RL PO, and a rapidly disintegrating tablet shell formulation based on Kollicoat® IR. The use of fused filament fabrication enabled the integration of drug-loaded cylindrical particles within the tablet shell. Comprehensive morphological and structural analyses, including scanning electron microscopy, X-ray micro-computed tomography, and digital microscopy, confirmed uniform particle geometry and distribution. The manufactured tablets met European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.) specifications for mass uniformity. Disintegration testing demonstrated complete disintegration of the tablet shell within 15 min. X-ray powder diffraction indicated the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) was present in an amorphous state post-processing. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed thermal degradation during 3D printing, with a reduction in API content from 97.8 % in the extruded filament to 65.9 % in the printed MUPS tablets. A linear correlation between the number of printed particle layers and the final drug content was shown, supporting the concept of dose individualisation. In vitro dissolution testing showed that 80 % of the incorporated API was released within 105 to 150 min. The findings confirm the feasibility of producing API-3D-MUPS tablets using pharmaceutical-grade materials, while also identifying critical product defects, formulation and process parameters such as thermal instability of the API or particle agglomeration - that require further optimisation of formulation and process parameters to enable broader application in personalised drug delivery.

2025-11-01·JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY

Aficamten in Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Article

作者: Costabel, Juan Pablo ; Claggett, Brian L ; Kulac, Ian J ; de Barros Correia, Edileide ; Bilen, Ozlem ; Schulze, P Christian ; Wohltman, Amy ; Solomon, Scott D ; Peña-Peña, Maria Luisa ; Reant, Patricia ; Lakdawala, Neal K ; Garcia-Pavia, Pablo ; Heitner, Stephen B ; Lewis, Gregory D ; Kupfer, Stuart ; Mann, Amy ; Malik, Fady I ; Masri, Ahmad ; Poulsen, Steen H ; Hegde, Sheila M ; Burroughs, Melissa ; Sohn, Regina ; Barriales-Villa, Roberto ; Fifer, Michael A ; Berhane, Indrias ; Maron, Martin S ; Nassif, Michael E ; Nair, Ajith ; Merkely, Bela ; Elliott, Perry ; Wang, Andrew ; Jacoby, Daniel L ; Dybro, Anne

BACKGROUND:

For >60 years, beta-blockers have been first-line therapy for symptomatic obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (oHCM), although limited data support this recommendation. The MAPLE-HCM trial showed greater improvement in exercise capacity and secondary endpoints for aficamten monotherapy vs metoprolol monotherapy.

OBJECTIVES:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of aficamten vs metoprolol across multiple clinically relevant and patient-centric measures of disease burden in oHCM.

METHODS:

Patients with oHCM and left ventricular outflow tract gradient (LVOT-G) ≥30 mm Hg at rest and/or ≥50 mm Hg with Valsalva were randomly assigned to aficamten (n = 88) or metoprolol (n = 87). Dose titration was based on vital signs and echocardiograms. Assessment of clinical response by treatment arm was based on improvement in multiple parameters reflecting oHCM disease burden: LVOT-G <30 mm Hg at rest and <50 mm Hg with Valsalva; ≥1 class improvement in NYHA functional class and/or ≥10-point improvement in Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-Clinical Summary Score (KCCQ-CSS); ≥50% reduction in N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide; ≥1.0 mL/kg/min increase in peak oxygen consumption (pVO₂); and ≥10% reduction in left atrial volume index. Clinical response was classified by number of efficacy outcomes achieved: nonresponder (none), limited (1 or 2), positive (3 or 4), or complete (all 5).

RESULTS:

Baseline characteristics were similar for both treatment groups. For the overall cohort, mean age was 58 ± 13.2 years; 73 (42%) were women, 103 (70%) were in NYHA functional class II and 52 (30%) in class III, mean pVO₂ was 19.9 ± 5.1 mL/kg/min, and mean KCCQ-CSS score was 66 ± 16. At 24 weeks, aficamten treatment was associated with greater benefits in all efficacy outcome measures, with numbers needed to treat ranging from 1.5 to 5.0 relative to metoprolol treatment. Patients treated with aficamten were more likely to be either positive or complete responders compared with patients treated with metoprolol (78% vs 3%, respectively; P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:

In patients with symptomatic oHCM, aficamten monotherapy led to superior and rapid treatment benefits across several clinically relevant outcome measures of disease burden compared with metoprolol. These observations support the emerging role of aficamten as monotherapy for oHCM. (Phase 3 Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Aficamten Compared to Metoprolol Succinate in Adults With Symptomatic oHCM [MAPLE-HCM]; NCT05767346).

2025-10-01·CJC open

Factors Influencing Internal Medicine Resident Beta-Blocker Discontinuation in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure

Article

作者: Boctor, Noelle ; Brusca, Samuel B ; Ponzini, Matthew D ; Boctor, Daniel ; O'Brien, Connor G ; Dhaliwal, Gurpreet

Background:

Heart failure is one of the leading causes of hospital admissions in North America. Although guidelines support the continuation of beta blockers on admission, hemodynamic considerations and mechanistic reasoning may prompt beta blocker discontinuation even in the absence of contraindications. Resident physicians often face this dilemma and are an important group in which to evaluate this decision-making.

Methods:

Internal medicine residents at two institutions were presented with two scenarios: 1) whether to continue outpatient metoprolol succinate for a patient without evidence of shock admitted with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) and 2) beta blocker selection during a patient's index presentation with heart failure.

Results:

142 of 287 (49.5%) residents responded to the survey. In scenario 1, 61% of residents discontinued metoprolol succinate on admission. The top three concerns about continuing metoprolol were precipitating cardiogenic shock, discomfort with the vital signs range, and attending physician disagreement. In scenario 2, 74% of participants initiated metoprolol succinate, 25% chose carvedilol, and only 1 participant chose bisoprolol.

Conclusions:

Drivers of inpatient beta blocker discontinuation should be considered by internal medicine training programs and heart failure guideline writers when opportunities arise to enact practice changes that align with evidence.

199

项与琥珀酸美托洛尔相关的新闻（医药）

2026-01-08

·N C S

心力衰竭病理机制与治疗药物研发进展

1.心力衰竭病理机制 1.1 心肌重构机制心肌重构是心力衰竭核心病理过程，涉及分子、细胞及组织层面的适应性向病理性转化。其核心特征包括心肌细胞肥大、胚胎基因再表达、细胞凋亡坏死及细胞外基质异常沉积，最终导致心室腔扩张、壁变薄及球形化改变，加重心功能障碍。分子层面，机械与神经体液应激通过G蛋白（Gq、Gs等）激活磷脂酶C、腺苷酸环化酶等信号分子，调控钙调神经磷酸酶、CaMKII、MAPK等关键激酶/磷酸酶活性，其中PKG发挥抗肥厚作用。细胞死亡机制涵盖坏死、凋亡及自噬，终末期心衰心肌可见大量凋亡细胞，而适度自噬可改善心肌梗死后重构，抑制自噬则加重不良结局。细胞外基质重构中，成纤维细胞通过转化生长因子β1（促不良重构）与胰岛素样生长因子1（促适应性重构）调控基质代谢。基质金属蛋白酶（MMPs）及其抑制因子失衡是关键，MMP-2/9基因缺失可显著改变心肌基质与心室几何形态。心肌重构的起始诱因包括高血压、心肌梗死后壁应力增加、心肌炎及神经内分泌激活等，其程度直接关联心功能恶化进程。1.2 神经内分泌激活机制交感神经系统（SNS）与肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统（RAAS）的慢性激活是心衰进展的核心驱动因素。心排血量下降时，动脉压力感受器触发代偿反应，初期维持循环稳态，长期则通过多重途径损伤心脏。 SNS激活表现为循环去甲肾上腺素升高，源于神经末梢释放增加与摄取减少。持续激活导致心肌β受体脱敏、细胞肥大凋亡、肾血管收缩及RAAS激活，形成“SNS-肾损伤-心功能恶化”循环。RAAS激活始于肾血流量减少刺激肾小球旁器释放肾素，将血管紧张素原转化为血管紧张素I，经ACE催化生成强效缩血管剂血管紧张素Ⅱ（Ang Ⅱ）。 Ang II通过AT1受体介导多重病理效应：收缩血管增加后负荷、促进醛固酮分泌导致水钠潴留、直接诱导心肌肥厚与纤维化，同时增强交感神经末梢去甲肾上腺素释放，强化神经内分泌正反馈。醛固酮除调控水盐代谢外，还直接促进心肌胶原增生，加剧细胞外基质重构。神经内分泌激活与心肌重构相互促进，Ang Ⅱ与醛固酮可直接上调重构相关信号，而重构导致的壁应力增加又进一步激活神经内分泌系统，形成恶性循环。1.3 炎症反应机制炎症反应是心衰多系统损伤的关键环节，以肿瘤坏死因子α（TNFα）、白细胞介素1（IL-1）、IL-6等促炎细胞因子为核心介质，涉及免疫细胞激活、转录调控异常及与其他病理机制的交叉作用。 TNFα是研究最深入的促炎因子，可诱导左室功能障碍、心肌凋亡、恶病质及β受体解偶联，其水平与心衰严重程度正相关。IL-6作为TNFα下游因子，兼具促肥大与抗凋亡作用，与TNFα形成细胞因子级联反应。IL-1在扩张型心肌病心肌中高表达，与TNFα协同抑制心肌收缩力，机制涉及诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）激活。炎症细胞来源包括循环单核细胞与心肌局部细胞，儿茶酚胺可增强心肌细胞因子分泌，肠壁水肿导致的内毒素移位也是重要诱因。核因子κB（NF-κB）是炎症调控核心转录因子，心衰心肌中其核转位活性升高，左室辅助装置治疗可显著降低其阳性细胞核比例。炎症与神经内分泌系统相互强化，SNS激活促进细胞因子释放，而炎症因子又可上调交感神经兴奋性，在急性失代偿期尤为显著。心肌梗死后炎症反应具有双重性：早期NLRP3炎性小体激活促进IL-1β/18释放，清除坏死组织；持续激活则通过趋化炎性细胞加剧基质降解与心肌损伤，因此早期抗炎干预对阻断心衰进展至关重要。1.4 代谢异常机制心衰的代谢异常以“能量供应－利用失衡”为核心，涉及底物利用转换、线粒体功能障碍、高能磷酸代谢异常及调控通路紊乱，被誉为“燃料耗尽的引擎”，其异常程度与心衰严重度及合并症密切相关。心肌能量代谢包括底物利用、氧化磷酸化及高能磷酸转运三个环节。正常心肌以脂肪酸氧化供能为主（占60%—70%），心衰时线粒体氧化能力下降，转而依赖糖酵解代偿，同时伴随葡萄糖/氨基酸氧化减少、酮体氧化增加。ATP水平在心衰晚期前维持正常，但磷酸肌酸（PCr）水平早期即下降30%—70%，总肌酸储备减少，导致能量缓冲能力丧失。肌酸激酶（CK）系统功能紊乱是关键：线粒体CK活性降至正常20%，肌原纤维CK降至50%，导致ATP从线粒体向肌原纤维的转运能力下降71%，尤其在儿茶酚胺刺激下，游离ADP浓度翻倍，加剧收缩功能障碍。调控机制上，过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体（PPAR）家族主导底物代谢，PPARα下调是肥厚心肌底物从脂肪酸向葡萄糖转换的核心机制。PPARγ共激活因子-1（PGC-1α）作为线粒体功能调控核心，其表达受儿茶酚胺抑制，导致氧化磷酸化相关基因下调，加速心衰进展，PGC-1α缺陷动物模型心衰发展显著加快。1.5 病理机制间的相互作用四大病理机制形成多维度网络调控关系，而非孤立存在，其相互促进的恶性循环是心衰进行性恶化的本质。心肌重构与神经内分泌激活呈双向强化：壁应力增加激活心肌局部RAAS，Ang II/醛固酮直接促进重构；重构导致的心肌损伤又进一步激活SNS与RAAS。神经内分泌-炎症交叉作用表现为：儿茶酚胺增强心肌细胞因子分泌，TNFα/IL-6上调交感神经兴奋性，急性失代偿期两者激活程度同步升高。炎症与代谢异常相互影响：TNFα抑制脂肪酸氧化并促进糖酵解转换，能量不足则通过AMPK通路激活NF-κB，加剧炎症反应。代谢异常与重构的关联体现在：PCr储备下降与CK功能障碍导致心肌能量供应不足，促进细胞肥大凋亡；而重构过程中细胞表型转换又进一步下调PPARα/PGC-1α通路，恶化代谢。多机制协同效应在老年心衰中尤为显著，神经内分泌激活、氧化应激、炎症及代谢紊乱相互交织，导致治疗难度增加。这种网络特性解释了单一靶点治疗的局限性，也为多靶点联合治疗（如ARNI同时调控RAAS与利尿钠肽系统）提供了理论依据。2. 不同心力衰竭患者群体的治疗药物研发进展2.1 射血分数降低型心力衰竭（HFrEF）治疗药物2.1.1 已上市药物 HFrEF治疗已形成以“新四联”为核心的标准方案，包括血管紧张素受体脑啡肽酶抑制剂（ARNI）、β受体阻滞剂、醛固酮受体拮抗剂（MRA）及钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2抑制剂（SGLT2i），较传统方案显著降低死亡率。 ARNI以沙库巴曲缬沙坦为代表，是脑啡肽酶抑制剂与ARB的复方制剂。PARADIGM-HF试验证实，其较依那普利降低20%心血管死亡风险，27个月内每治疗21例患者可预防1例终点事件，2024年ESC指南将其列为HFrEF首选药物（IA级），适用于NYHA II-Ⅳ级患者。 β受体阻滞剂中，琥珀酸美托洛尔XL、卡维地洛及比索洛尔为循证推荐药物（IA级），通过抑制SNS过度激活改善心肌重构，同时兼具抗心绞痛与抗心律失常作用。使用需从小剂量起始缓慢滴定，避免急性负性肌力效应。 MRA类药物螺内酯与依普利酮适用于eGFR>30 ml/min/1.73 m²、血钾<5.0 mEq/L的NYHA II-Ⅳ级患者（IA级）。起始剂量25 mg/天，用药后1周及1个月需监测血钾，螺内酯引发乳腺增生时可换用依普利酮。 SGLT2i（达格列净、恩格列净、索他格列净）是近年重大突破，无论患者是否合并糖尿病均推荐使用（IA级）。其获益起效迅速（数天内），可降低心衰住院与心血管死亡风险，且耐受性良好，减少利尿剂需求及MRA相关高钾血症。固定剂量给药，主要不良反应为泌尿生殖道感染。其他药物包括：利尿剂（袢利尿剂为主）用于控制充血症状；伊伐布雷定（窦房结抑制剂）适用于窦性心律、心率>70次/分的β受体阻滞剂禁忌/不耐受患者，SHIFT试验显示其降低18%心血管死亡与心衰住院复合风险；维利西呱（可溶性鸟苷酸环化酶刺激剂）获IIb类推荐，VICTORIA试验证实其在GDMT基础上进一步降低高风险HFrEF患者终点事件。2.1.2 临床试验阶段药物 Baxdrostat（新型醛固酮合成酶抑制剂）正在开展Ⅲ期Prevent-HF试验，计划纳入11,300例HFrEF患者，评估其联合达格列净加安慰剂的疗效，主要终点为心血管死亡与心衰住院复合事件，试验周期为2025年3月至2029年12月。 AB-1002是AAV载体基因疗法，通过递送抑制PP1活性的基因改善心肌钙循环。Ⅱ期GenePHIT试验为双盲安慰剂对照设计，纳入NYHA Ⅲ级非缺血性心肌病患者，评估单次冠脉内输注的安全性与有效性，核心终点为左室功能改善指标。其他在研药物包括omecamtiv mecarbil（心肌肌球蛋白激活剂），通过增强心肌收缩力改善心排血量，Ⅲ期试验显示其可降低心衰住院风险；vericiguat的扩展试验正在探索其在不同HFrEF亚组中的获益。2.1.3 临床前候选药物基因治疗方向聚焦于钙循环调控与重构相关通路，如靶向SERCA2a基因的AAV载体，通过增强心肌钙摄取改善收缩功能。细胞治疗取得突破，南京艾尔普的“人iPSC来源心肌细胞注射液”（hICM-188）已获中美IND许可，前期临床试验证实其安全性与有效性，可通过细胞替代与旁分泌效应修复受损心肌。小分子药物研发针对代谢异常（如PPARα/δ双重激动剂改善脂肪酸氧化）、炎症通路（TLR4拮抗剂抑制NF-κB激活）及纤维化（TGF-β受体激酶抑制剂），部分化合物已在动物模型中显示出抑制重构、改善心功能的作用。2.2 射血分数保留型心力衰竭（HFpEF）治疗药物2.2.1 已上市药物 HFpEF占心衰患者50%以上，长期缺乏有效治疗药物，近年SGLT2i与非甾体盐皮质激素受体拮抗剂（nsMRA）的获批改变了治疗格局。 SGLT2i是首个证实改善HFpEF预后的药物类别，EMPEROR-Preserved与DELIVER试验显示，达格列净与恩格列净可降低HFpEF患者心衰住院与心血管死亡风险，2024年Meta分析证实其降低14%全因死亡率，无论患者是否合并糖尿病均推荐使用（IA级）。非奈利酮（nsMRA）于2025年7月获FDA批准用于LVEF≥40%的心衰患者，是首个在HFpEF中达主要终点的nsMRA。FINEARTS-HF试验显示，其显著降低HFmrEF/HFpEF患者心血管死亡、心衰住院及肾功能恶化复合风险，尤其适用于合并肾脏损伤的患者。对症治疗药物包括利尿剂（控制充血症状）、ACEI/ARB（用于合并高血压患者），但后者对HFpEF预后改善证据不足。β受体阻滞剂适用于合并心律失常或冠心病的HFpEF患者，钙通道阻滞剂（氨氯地平、非洛地平）可用于高血压控制，但需避免使用负性肌力较强的制剂。2.2.2 临床试验阶段药物替西帕肽（GIP/GLP-1双受体激动剂）Ⅲ期SUMMIT试验显示，其降低HFpEF伴肥胖患者心衰恶化风险38%，同时改善体重与代谢指标，为合并肥胖的HFpEF患者提供新选择，试验纳入2,500例患者，核心终点为心衰住院与紧急就诊复合事件。索他特普（激活素受体IIA-Fc融合蛋白）Ⅱ期CADENCE试验评估其在HFpEF相关混合型肺动脉高压（CpcPH）中的疗效，该药物已获批用于肺动脉高压，其通过调控心肌生长因子改善心室重塑，有望成为HFpEF合并PH的靶向药物。 Maridebart（新型ARNI）Ⅲ期试验计划纳入5,056例HFpEF伴肥胖患者，评估其对心衰终点与代谢指标的影响，试验周期为2025年6月至2030年9月。Ziltivekimab（IL-6受体单抗）Ⅲ期ATHENA试验针对伴炎症（hsCRP升高）的HFpEF患者，探索抗感染治疗的获益，计划纳入680例患者。2.2.3 临床前候选药物针对HFpEF核心病理机制的药物研发聚焦三个方向：一是抗纤维化药物，如新型TGF-β受体拮抗剂、LOXL2抑制剂，在动物模型中可减少心肌胶原沉积，改善舒张功能；二是微血管保护剂，如腺苷A2A受体激动剂，通过改善冠脉微血管灌注减轻心肌缺血；三是代谢调节剂，如PPARγ激动剂，可改善胰岛素抵抗与内脏脂肪堆积。其他方向包括靶向内皮功能障碍（如一氧化氮供体药物）、神经内分泌异常（如脑啡肽酶选择性抑制剂）的药物，部分化合物已完成细胞实验，进入动物有效性验证阶段。2.3 急性心力衰竭治疗药物2.3.1 已上市药物急性心衰（AHF）治疗以快速稳定血流动力学、缓解症状为核心，药物包括利尿剂、血管扩张剂、正性肌力药物及利尿钠肽类，但其长期预后改善证据有限。袢利尿剂（呋塞米、布美他尼）是一线用药，通过抑制髓袢钠重吸收减轻容量负荷，缓解肺水肿。推荐起始剂量为日常维持量的1-2倍，根据尿量与症状调整，避免过度利尿导致低血压与肾损伤，联合噻嗪类利尿剂可增强效果，但需严密监测电解质。血管扩张剂适用于收缩压>90 mmHg的患者：硝酸甘油（起始5-10 μg/min）主要扩张静脉，降低前负荷；硝普钠（起始0.3 μg/kg/min）强效扩张动静脉，适用于伴高血压的AHF，但需监测氰化物中毒风险；奈西利肽（重组BNP）兼具扩血管、利钠及抑制RAAS作用，可改善血流动力学，与多巴酚丁胺相比减少心律失常，但需注意肾功能影响。正性肌力药物用于心排血量严重降低（低血压、组织低灌注）患者：多巴胺（2-5 μg/kg/min）激动β1受体增强收缩力，大剂量（10 μg/kg/min）激动α受体升高血压；多巴酚丁胺（2.5-10 μg/kg/min）选择性β1/β2激动剂，改善心排血量但可能诱发心律失常；米力农（磷酸二酯酶抑制剂）通过升高cAMP增强收缩力，适用于β受体阻滞剂使用中的患者，但长期使用增加死亡率。托伐普坦（V2受体拮抗剂）适用于心衰合并低钠血症患者，通过排水不排钠改善容量负荷，EVEREST试验显示其短期缓解气促与水肿，纠正低钠血症，但不降低长期死亡率，不良反应主要为口渴。2.3.2 临床试验阶段药物 SGLT2i在AHF中的应用是研究热点，EMPA-AHF试验评估恩格列净早期治疗高危AHF患者的效果，结果显示其改善短期临床获益与肾功能，降低30天心衰再住院风险，但对180天死亡率无显著影响，提示需优化患者选择策略。 Serelaxin（重组人松弛素-2）Ⅲ期RELAX-AHF-2试验显示，其改善AHF患者呼吸困难与血流动力学，降低180天死亡率，尤其适用于急性失代偿期患者，其机制涉及血管扩张、抑制炎症及心肌保护。 Ularitide（新型利尿钠肽类似物）Ⅲ期试验评估其对AHF患者短期症状与长期预后的影响，该药物较奈西利肽作用更强，半衰期更长，有望减少给药频率。Clevidipine（静脉钙通道阻滞剂）Ⅲ期试验针对AHF伴高血压患者，显示其快速平稳降压，改善心肌氧供需平衡。2.3.3 临床前候选药物研发方向聚焦于快速改善血流动力学与抑制急性损伤：新型正性肌力药物如心肌肌球蛋白激活剂，在动物模型中增强收缩力且不增加心肌耗氧；靶向炎症通路的药物如IL-1β单抗，可抑制AHF早期炎症风暴；内皮保护剂如前列环素类似物，改善微血管功能，减少器官损伤。此外，纳米载体药物可实现药物靶向递送至心肌，提高局部药物浓度，减少全身不良反应，相关制剂已在小型动物模型中完成初步验证。3. 药物研发趋势与未来展望心衰药物研发已从单一靶点转向多机制调控，从症状控制转向疾病修饰，技术创新与精准医疗成为核心驱动力，同时仍面临HFpEF异质性、急性心衰治疗窗口窄等挑战。3.1 已上市药物应用优化 “新四联”方案的个体化实施是重点：ARNI起始剂量需根据血压调整，SGLT2i在eGFR<25 ml/min患者中的使用证据正在积累，MRA与SGLT2i联合可降低高钾血症风险。固定剂量复方制剂（如ARNI+SGLT2i单片剂）正在研发，以提高患者依从性。 HFpEF治疗实现突破后，药物选择需结合表型：SGLT2i适用于所有HFpEF患者，非奈利酮优先用于合并肾病者，替西帕肽聚焦伴肥胖人群。急性心衰中，利尿剂与SGLT2i联合可减少利尿剂抵抗，血管扩张剂的使用需结合血压动态调整。3.2 临床试验阶段药物亮点多靶点联合治疗成为趋势：Baxdrostat+达格列净探索醛固酮抑制与SGLT2抑制的协同作用，Maridebart针对HFpEF伴肥胖的代谢－重构双重异常。基因治疗（AB-1002）与细胞治疗（iPSC心肌细胞）突破传统药物局限，从细胞分子层面修复心肌损伤。 HFpEF的精准治疗取得进展，基于生物标志物（如GDF-15、ST2）与影像学表型的患者分层，使替西帕肽、Ziltivekimab等药物的目标人群更明确。急性心衰的早期干预策略（如急诊室启动SGLT2i）正在验证，有望缩短治疗延迟。3.3 技术创新驱动研发变革基因编辑技术（CRISPR-Cas9）用于修复心衰相关基因突变（如TTN截断突变），已在细胞模型中成功实现；AAV载体优化提高基因递送效率，减少免疫原性，推动基因治疗从罕见病向常见病拓展。人工智能（AI）在药物研发中广泛应用：通过深度学习分析大规模临床数据，预测药物疗效与不良反应，加速候选药物筛选；AI辅助影像分析可精准评估心肌重构，指导药物选择。新型制剂技术提升药物性能：长效微球制剂延长SGLT2i半衰期至每周一次，靶向纳米载体使正性肌力药物富集于缺血心肌，减少心律失常风险。3.4 未来研发方向精准医疗将成为主流：基于多组学（基因组、转录组、蛋白组）构建心衰分子分型，开发伴随诊断试剂，实现“药物－患者”精准匹配。例如，针对ACE基因多态性患者优化ARNI剂量，基于PPARα表达水平选择代谢调节剂。多机制联合治疗进一步深化：除现有四联药物外，将抗炎药物（如Ziltivekimab）、抗纤维化药物纳入联合方案，针对不同病理阶段制定动态治疗策略。细胞治疗与药物联合（如iPSC心肌细胞+免疫抑制剂）正在探索，以提高细胞存活与治疗效果。疾病早期干预成为新焦点：针对射血分数正常但存在心肌重构风险的人群（如高血压伴左室肥厚），使用SGLT2i或ARNI进行一级预防，相关临床试验已启动。新型治疗模式涌现：可穿戴设备实时监测心功能指标，结合AI算法预测心衰恶化，触发早期药物干预；远程医疗平台优化药物调整流程，尤其适用于老年与合并多器官疾病的患者。3.5 挑战与应对策略 HFpEF异质性需通过亚组分析与生物标志物分层解决，建立“表型－机制－药物”关联模型；急性心衰临床试验需优化终点设计，结合短期血流动力学与长期预后指标。药物安全性方面，需平衡疗效与不良反应，如正性肌力药物的心律失常风险、SGLT2i的泌尿感染风险。成本效益是普及关键，通过仿制药研发、医保谈判降低药物价格，同时开展真实世界研究验证药物在广泛人群中的有效性，为医保政策提供依据。3.6 总结心衰治疗已进入“多靶点、精准化、技术驱动”的新时代，HFrEF的标准治疗方案不断优化，HFpEF与急性心衰的治疗突破为患者带来新希望。未来5—10年，基因治疗、细胞治疗与AI辅助诊疗将实现临床转化，使心衰从“难治性疾病”向“可防可治”转变，最终目标是通过早期干预、精准匹配与多学科管理，显著降低心衰的发病率与死亡率。

2026-01-08

·BioSpace

CorMedix Therapeutics Announces Preliminary Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2025 Results and Provides Business Updates

‒ Q4 2025 Unaudited Net Revenue of Approximately $127 million ‒ ‒ FY 2025 Unaudited Pro Forma Net Revenue of Approximately $400 million ‒ ‒ Expects Q4 Adjusted EBITDA of Between $77 million and $81 million ‒ ‒ Unaudited Cash and Short-term Investments of Approximately $148 million ‒ BERKELEY HEIGHTS, N.J., Jan. 08, 2026 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- CorMedix Therapeutics (Nasdaq: CRMD), a biopharmaceutical company focused on developing and commercializing therapeutic products for life-threatening diseases and conditions, today announces its preliminary unaudited fourth quarter 2025 and full-year 2025 results, and provides guidance and an update on its business. These include the following key updates: CorMedix announces preliminary, unaudited financial results for Q4 and FY 2025, including net revenue of approximately $127 million and $310 million, for Q4 2025 and FY 2025, respectively, FY 2025 Pro Forma net revenue (1) of approximately $400 million, and Q4 2025 adjusted EBITDA ( 2 ) in the range of $77 million to $81 million. The Company reports preliminary unaudited cash and short-term investments, as of December 31, 2025, of approximately $148 million. CorMedix expects clinical data from the Phase 3 ReSPECT study of REZZAYO® (rezafungin for injection) in the prophylaxis of invasive fungal infection in adult patients undergoing allogeneic blood and marrow transplant in Q2 2026. In addition, the ongoing Phase 3 study of taurolidine/heparin catheter lock solution in TPN patients continues to enroll patients with targeted completion in early 2027. The Company continues to see strong utilization and patient growth for DefenCath® (taurolidine and heparin) by its outpatient dialysis organization customers. On July 1, 2026, DefenCath’s TDAPA reimbursement transitions into a post-TDAPA Add-On Adjustment, the calculation of which is determined by CMS. As a result of the methodology utilized by CMS, the level of reimbursement provided to institutions treating dialysis patients will significantly decline, and as a result, CorMedix expects a corresponding reduction to its net pricing for DefenCath in Q3 and Q4 of 2026. If CMS utilizes the same methodology to calculate the 2027 post-TDAPA Add-On Adjustment, which will be effective on January 1, 2027, CorMedix estimates the value of the Add-On Adjustment will be 3x – 5x higher than that granted for Q3 and Q4 of 2026, which the Company expects would result in higher DefenCath sales prices in 2027 relative to H2 2026. CorMedix is introducing FY 2026 Revenue guidance of $300 million to $320 million, which includes $150 million to $170 million for DefenCath. 2026 DefenCath revenue guidance is heavily weighted toward H1 2026 and assumes modest utilization growth, which the Company expects will offset some of the price erosion over the course of the year. Based on the assumption of a higher net selling price in 2027 relative to H2 2026, the Company currently estimates full-year 2027 DefenCath sales in the range of $100 million to $140 million. DefenCath guidance for 2026 and 2027 assumes the maintenance of its current outpatient dialysis utilization run-rate with existing customers, and excludes any potential upside from new outpatient dialysis customers, increased utilization due to anticipated Medicare Advantage contracting, or any change in reimbursement due to pending TDAPA legislation. In addition, management has operationalized synergies of approximately $35 million, on a full-year run rate basis, related to the acquisition of Melinta and is now focused on driving growth strategies for the business. The Company is estimating FY 2026 operating expenses of $145 million to $160 million, excluding non-cash items and one-time expenses, with the upper end of the spending range contingent upon positive Phase 3 data related to the ReSPECT study and a potential acceleration of enrollment in the DefenCath TPN study. Based on these estimates, CorMedix estimates FY 2026 Adjusted EBITDA in the range of $100 million to $125 million. CorMedix is excited to announce that it will hold an Analyst Day on February 10, 2026, during which it will provide significant background on the medical need and the market potential for its key pipeline assets of REZZAYO in prophylaxis and DefenCath in TPN, as well as insights on the future strategic direction for the business. Details will be forthcoming. Joseph Todisco, CorMedix Therapeutics CEO, commented, “I’m proud to announce our preliminary Q4 and FY 2025 results today, including surpassing our guidance for 2025. 2025 was a transformational year for CorMedix, as we evolved beyond a single-product company to an organization with multiple growth drivers and pipeline assets. We closed 2025 in a strong cash position, which we expect to further bolster over the coming year, providing the Company with financial flexibility to drive value for shareholders. With our new leadership team in place and multiple near-term pipeline catalysts, I am excited about the long-term potential for CorMedix Therapeutics.” The preliminary financial information presented in this press release is based on CorMedix’s current expectations and may be adjusted as a result of, among other things, the completion of our internal review process and the completion of customary annual audit procedures. (1) FY 2025 Unaudited Pro Forma Net Revenue was prepared by combining the estimated financial results and for CorMedix and Melinta for the full fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, without further adjustment, as if the transaction had closed on January 1, 2025. (2) Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure and excludes non-cash items such as depreciation, amortization and stock-based compensation, and certain non-recurring items. The Company expects to provide a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to the most comparable GAAP measure in its earnings release relating to the fourth quarter and full year 2025 financial results. Such reconciliation is not included in this release because CorMedix is currently finalizing certain amounts that would be required to be included in the U.S. GAAP measure or the individual adjustments for such reconciliation. About CorMedix CorMedix Therapeutics is a biopharmaceutical company focused on developing and commercializing therapeutic products for the prevention and treatment of life-threatening conditions and diseases. CorMedix is commercializing DefenCath ® (taurolidine and heparin) for the prevention of catheter-related bloodstream infections in adult patients undergoing hemodialysis via a central venous catheter. Following its August 2025 acquisition of Melinta Therapeutics LLC, CorMedix is also commercializing a portfolio of anti-infective products, including MINOCIN ® (minocycline) for Injection, REZZAYO ® (rezafungin), VABOMERE ® (meropenem and vaborbactam), ORBACTIV ™ (oritavancin), BAXDELA ® (delafloxacin), and KIMYRSA ® (oritavancin), as well as TOPROL-XL ® (metoprolol succinate). CorMedix has ongoing clinical studies for DefenCath in Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) and Pediatric Hemodialysis populations and also intends to develop DefenCath as a catheter lock solution for use in other patient populations. REZZAYO is currently approved for the treatment of candidemia and invasive candidiasis in adults, with an ongoing Phase III study for the prophylaxis of IFD in adult patients undergoing allogeneic BMT. Topline results of the Phase III study for REZZAYO are expected in Q2 2026. For more information visit: or . Forward-Looking Statements This press release contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Exchange, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), that are subject to risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements are often identified by the use of words such as, but not limited to, “anticipate,” “believe,” “can,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “will,” “plan,” “project,” “seek,” “should,” “target,” “will,” “would,” and similar expressions or variations intended to identify forward-looking statements. All statements, other than statements of historical facts, regarding management’s expectations, beliefs, goals, plans or CorMedix’s prospects should be considered forward-looking statements including, but not limited to statements regarding financial guidance, sales, revenue and operating expense estimates, expectations regarding product utilization, product reimbursement rates, synergy estimates and timing, expectations and timing regarding clinical studies and development and expectations of CorMedix’s product pipeline, results of the real-world study, expectations regarding implementation and perceived benefits of CorMedix’s products. Readers are cautioned that actual results may differ materially from projections or estimates due to a variety of important factors, and readers are directed to the Risk Factors identified in CorMedix’s filings with the SEC, including its most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, copies of which are available free of charge at the SEC’s website at or upon request from CorMedix. CorMedix may not actually achieve the goals or plans described in its forward-looking statements, and such forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this press release. Investors should not place undue reliance on these statements. CorMedix assumes no obligation and does not intend to update these forward-looking statements, except as required by law. Investor Contact: Dan Ferry Managing Director LifeSci Advisors daniel@lifesciadvisors.com (617) 430-7576

临床3期并购上市批准财报

2026-01-08

·cormedix.com

CORMEDIX THERAPEUTICS ANNOUNCES PRELIMINARY FOURTH QUARTER AND FULL YEAR 2025 RESULTS AND PROVIDES BUSINESS UPDATES

Careers Contact Us Healthcare Professionals ‒ Q4 2025 Unaudited Net Revenue of Approximately $127 million ‒ ‒ FY 2025 Unaudited Pro Forma Net Revenue of Approximately $400 million ‒ ‒ Expects Q4 Adjusted EBITDA of Between $77 million and $81 million ‒ ‒ Unaudited Cash and Short-term Investments of Approximately $148 million ‒ Berkeley Heights, NJ – January 8, 2026 – CorMedix Therapeutics (Nasdaq: CRMD), a biopharmaceutical company focused on developing and commercializing therapeutic products for life-threatening diseases and conditions, today announces its preliminary unaudited fourth quarter 2025 and full-year 2025 results, and provides guidance and an update on its business. These include the following key updates: CorMedix announces preliminary, unaudited financial results for Q4 and FY 2025, including net revenue of approximately $127 million and $310 million, for Q4 2025 and FY 2025, respectively, FY 2025 Pro Forma net revenue(1) of approximately $400 million, and Q4 2025 adjusted EBITDA(2) in the range of $77 million to $81 million. The Company reports preliminary unaudited cash and short-term investments, as of December 31, 2025, of approximately $148 million. CorMedix expects clinical data from the Phase 3 ReSPECT study of REZZAYO® (rezafungin for injection) in the prophylaxis of invasive fungal infection in adult patients undergoing allogeneic blood and marrow transplant in Q2 2026. In addition, the ongoing Phase 3 study of taurolidine/heparin catheter lock solution in TPN patients continues to enroll patients with targeted completion in early 2027. The Company continues to see strong utilization and patient growth for DefenCath® (taurolidine and heparin) by its outpatient dialysis organization customers. On July 1, 2026, DefenCath’s TDAPA reimbursement transitions into a post-TDAPA Add-On Adjustment, the calculation of which is determined by CMS. As a result of the methodology utilized by CMS, the level of reimbursement provided to institutions treating dialysis patients will significantly decline, and as a result, CorMedix expects a corresponding reduction to its net pricing for DefenCath in Q3 and Q4 of 2026. If CMS utilizes the same methodology to calculate the 2027 post-TDAPA Add-On Adjustment, which will be effective on January 1, 2027, CorMedix estimates the value of the Add-On Adjustment will be 3x – 5x higher than that granted for Q3 and Q4 of 2026, which the Company expects would result in higher DefenCath sales prices in 2027 relative to H2 2026. CorMedix is introducing FY 2026 Revenue guidance of $300 million to $320 million, which includes $150 million to $170 million for DefenCath. 2026 DefenCath revenue guidance is heavily weighted toward H1 2026 and assumes modest utilization growth, which the Company expects will offset some of the price erosion over the course of the year. Based on the assumption of a higher net selling price in 2027 relative to H2 2026, the Company currently estimates full-year 2027 DefenCath sales in the range of $100 million to $140 million. DefenCath guidance for 2026 and 2027 assumes the maintenance of its current outpatient dialysis utilization run-rate with existing customers, and excludes any potential upside from new outpatient dialysis customers, increased utilization due to anticipated Medicare Advantage contracting, or any change in reimbursement due to pending TDAPA legislation. In addition, management has operationalized synergies of approximately $35 million, on a full-year run rate basis, related to the acquisition of Melinta and is now focused on driving growth strategies for the business. The Company is estimating FY 2026 operating expenses of $145 million to $160 million, excluding non-cash items and one-time expenses, with the upper end of the spending range contingent upon positive Phase 3 data related to the ReSPECT study and a potential acceleration of enrollment in the DefenCath TPN study. Based on these estimates, CorMedix estimates FY 2026 Adjusted EBITDA in the range of $100 million to $125 million. CorMedix is excited to announce that it will hold an Analyst Day on February 10, 2026, during which it will provide significant background on the medical need and the market potential for its key pipeline assets of REZZAYO in prophylaxis and DefenCath in TPN, as well as insights on the future strategic direction for the business. Details will be forthcoming. Joseph Todisco, CorMedix Therapeutics CEO, commented, “I’m proud to announce our preliminary Q4 and FY 2025 results today, including surpassing our guidance for 2025. 2025 was a transformational year for CorMedix, as we evolved beyond a single-product company to an organization with multiple growth drivers and pipeline assets. We closed 2025 in a strong cash position, which we expect to further bolster over the coming year, providing the Company with financial flexibility to drive value for shareholders. With our new leadership team in place and multiple near-term pipeline catalysts, I am excited about the long-term potential for CorMedix Therapeutics.” The preliminary financial information presented in this press release is based on CorMedix’s current expectations and may be adjusted as a result of, among other things, the completion of our internal review process and the completion of customary annual audit procedures. FY 2025 Unaudited Pro Forma Net Revenue was prepared by combining the estimated financial results and for CorMedix and Melinta for the full fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, without further adjustment, as if the transaction had closed on January 1, 2025. Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure and excludes non-cash items such as depreciation, amortization and stock-based compensation, and certain non-recurring items. The Company expects to provide a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to the most comparable GAAP measure in its earnings release relating to the fourth quarter and full year 2025 financial results. Such reconciliation is not included in this release because CorMedix is currently finalizing certain amounts that would be required to be included in the U.S. GAAP measure or the individual adjustments for such reconciliation. About CorMedix CorMedix Therapeutics is a biopharmaceutical company focused on developing and commercializing therapeutic products for the prevention and treatment of life-threatening conditions and diseases. CorMedix is commercializing DefenCath® (taurolidine and heparin) for the prevention of catheter-related bloodstream infections in adult patients undergoing hemodialysis via a central venous catheter. Following its August 2025 acquisition of Melinta Therapeutics LLC, CorMedix is also commercializing a portfolio of anti-infective products, including MINOCIN® (minocycline) for Injection, REZZAYO® (rezafungin), VABOMERE® (meropenem and vaborbactam), ORBACTIV™ (oritavancin), BAXDELA® (delafloxacin), and KIMYRSA® (oritavancin), as well as TOPROL-XL® (metoprolol succinate). CorMedix has ongoing clinical studies for DefenCath in Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) and Pediatric Hemodialysis populations and also intends to develop DefenCath as a catheter lock solution for use in other patient populations. REZZAYO is currently approved for the treatment of candidemia and invasive candidiasis in adults, with an ongoing Phase III study for the prophylaxis of IFD in adult patients undergoing allogeneic BMT. Topline results of the Phase III study for REZZAYO are expected in Q2 2026. For more information visit: www.cormedix.com or www.melinta.com. Forward-Looking Statements This press release contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Exchange, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), that are subject to risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements are often identified by the use of words such as, but not limited to, “anticipate,” “believe,” “can,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “will,” “plan,” “project,” “seek,” “should,” “target,” “will,” “would,” and similar expressions or variations intended to identify forward-looking statements. All statements, other than statements of historical facts, regarding management’s expectations, beliefs, goals, plans or CorMedix’s prospects should be considered forward-looking statements including, but not limited to statements regarding financial guidance, sales, revenue and operating expense estimates, expectations regarding product utilization, product reimbursement rates, synergy estimates and timing, expectations and timing regarding clinical studies and development and expectations of CorMedix’s product pipeline, results of the real-world study, expectations regarding implementation and perceived benefits of CorMedix’s products. Readers are cautioned that actual results may differ materially from projections or estimates due to a variety of important factors, and readers are directed to the Risk Factors identified in CorMedix’s filings with the SEC, including its most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, copies of which are available free of charge at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov or upon request from CorMedix. CorMedix may not actually achieve the goals or plans described in its forward-looking statements, and such forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this press release. Investors should not place undue reliance on these statements. CorMedix assumes no obligation and does not intend to update these forward-looking statements, except as required by law. Investor Contact: Dan Ferry Managing Director LifeSci Advisors daniel@lifesciadvisors.com (617) 430-7576

临床3期上市批准并购财报

100 项与琥珀酸美托洛尔相关的药物交易

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KEGG	Wiki	ATC	Drug Bank
D00635	琥珀酸美托洛尔	C07AB02	DB00264

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适应症	国家/地区	公司	日期
偏头痛	巴西	Libbs Farmacêutica Ltda.	2019-12-23
心肌梗塞	巴西	Libbs Farmacêutica Ltda.	2019-12-23
心律失常	巴西	Libbs Farmacêutica Ltda.	2019-12-23
慢性心力衰竭	澳大利亚	AstraZeneca Pty Ltd.	2003-10-28
心脏衰竭	美国	Melinta Therapeutics, Inc.	2001-02-05
心绞痛	美国	Melinta Therapeutics, Inc.	1992-01-10
高血压	美国	Melinta Therapeutics, Inc.	1992-01-10
甲状腺功能亢进症	中国	阿斯利康制药有限公司	-
神经循环衰弱症	中国	阿斯利康制药有限公司	-

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适应症	最高研发状态	国家/地区	公司	日期
二尖瓣关闭不全	临床3期	美国	AstraZeneca PLC	2004-08-01
原发性高血压	临床3期	-	AstraZeneca PLC	2003-06-01
卵磷脂胆固醇酰基转移酶缺乏症	临床1期	印度	Ipca Laboratories Ltd.	2013-04-01
禁食	临床1期	印度	Ipca Laboratories Ltd.	2013-02-01
急性心肌梗塞	临床1期	-	AstraZeneca PLC	2000-02-01

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研究	分期	人群特征	评价人数	分组	结果	评价	发布日期


NCT03070184 (CTgov)	临床2期	高血压前期	80	Exercise challenge+Metoprolol Succinate ER (Black Participants)	觸齋餘壓蓋憲獵遞鬱糧(簾製齋襯鹹構餘構網淵) = 網鑰衊願鏇壓繭遞糧膚製壓衊齋範繭獵顧繭鬱 (廠糧範醖衊鏇膚選鏇築, 繭淵膚願膚糧願夢簾遞 ~ 膚餘觸蓋鏇範膚齋鹹簾) 更多	-	2025-02-27
				Exercise challenge+Metoprolol Succinate ER (White Participants)	觸齋餘壓蓋憲獵遞鬱糧(簾製齋襯鹹構餘構網淵) = 積艱窪顧壓膚鹽獵顧齋製壓衊齋範繭獵顧繭鬱 (廠糧範醖衊鏇膚選鏇築, 淵憲構襯遞鹽積廠網製 ~ 選壓製鹹鏇鏇網積夢築) 更多
NCT05096884 (PEACE, CTgov)	早期临床1期	呼吸困难 \| 新冠肺炎后遗症 \| 心动过速	14	Metoprolol Succinate	窪壓廠壓鏇襯夢鹹蓋鹽(獵窪鑰構繭廠鹽壓蓋膚) = 繭齋鹹艱憲膚鑰築夢築鬱範遞醖憲鹹簾壓遞醖 (憲鹽衊築範鹹鑰簾襯齋, 76) 更多	-	2024-12-03
NCT02293096 (CTgov)	N/A	高血压 \| 原发性高血压	462	Metoprolol Succinate	築蓋艱夢糧艱顧鬱鹽選 = 網夢鹽範淵顧鹹壓鑰鑰構膚壓衊觸壓積廠齋鬱 (構膚鬱鬱製簾積齋獵獵, 構艱憲獵遞齋鑰蓋鹹壓 ~ 遞糧觸範夢鏇淵鹽醖蓋) 更多	-	2021-09-16
NCT02587351 (CTgov)	临床3期	慢性阻塞性肺疾病	532	Metoprolol succinate (Metoprolol Succinate)	繭獵觸製製鑰窪築鑰廠(網願壓製夢願網顧艱壓) = 積蓋築廠繭鏇夢壓範選衊憲繭製鬱遞網鏇觸鑰 (遞獵蓋蓋鹹窪範窪願繭, 遞衊網餘鏇觸壓範齋淵 ~ 製積襯製憲鬱鏇淵襯簾) 更多	-	2021-01-25
				Placebo (Placebo)	繭獵觸製製鑰窪築鑰廠(網願壓製夢願網顧艱壓) = 顧膚鬱鑰廠獵鏇鑰構蓋衊憲繭製鬱遞網鏇觸鑰 (遞獵蓋蓋鹹窪範窪願繭, 鹽願齋壓鬱簾願範夢衊 ~ 襯鬱窪廠鹽遞願顧衊構) 更多
NCT00995072 (CTgov)	N/A	女性性功能障碍 \| 高血压	29	Nebivolol (Nebivolol 5 mg Daily)	艱餘衊網淵廠糧鬱糧艱(廠選獵夢製鹽廠蓋積淵) = 艱網選窪廠願鏇衊構艱鹽衊觸網鬱廠築醖鏇壓 (遞糧範壓淵襯窪繭觸憲, 9.183) 更多	-	2019-03-29
				Metoprolol Succinate+Metoprolol (Metoprolol Succinate 100 mg Daily)	艱餘衊網淵廠糧鬱糧艱(廠選獵夢製鹽廠蓋積淵) = 廠廠窪繭願襯鑰艱繭餘鹽衊觸網鬱廠築醖鏇壓 (遞糧範壓淵襯窪繭觸憲, 5.262) 更多
NCT01395329 (NETS, CTgov)	临床4期	高血压 \| 高血压前期	42	FBF response to Sodium Nitroprusside+Nebivolol+ACh+BQ-788+BQ-123 (Nebivolol)	齋夢築壓網製衊襯簾觸(廠艱範觸網簾憲簾遞壓) = 範願範築願餘憲獵範鏇窪壓壓艱鹹鏇遞餘繭壓 (餘遞鏇觸膚夢網齋齋製, 鹹鏇淵網夢遞簾淵簾鹽 ~ 簾遞鹽糧鬱餘鏇觸顧衊) 更多	-	2018-12-06
				FBF response to Sodium Nitroprusside+Metoprolol+ACh+BQ-788+BQ-123 (Metoprolol)	齋夢築壓網製衊襯簾觸(廠艱範觸網簾憲簾遞壓) = 願壓積繭膚艱鹹繭淵膚窪壓壓艱鹹鏇遞餘繭壓 (餘遞鏇觸膚夢網齋齋製, 選淵艱構構製鏇糧廠鑰 ~ 淵構鹽鑰願膚鏇齋鹹繭) 更多
NCT01501929 (CTgov)	临床4期	高血压	32	Microvascular perfusion assessment using Definity+Nebivolol+Metoprolol succinate (Initial Treatment With Metoprolol)	齋糧範遞壓憲製蓋夢糧(鏇壓觸膚蓋鹽鏇網鹽願) = 獵淵淵壓構觸鑰壓簾遞顧範遞遞願艱網膚繭淵 (築餘鏇鑰構顧憲鑰築襯, 廠網簾簾憲蓋壓願醖齋 ~ 繭廠鹹醖鬱襯願襯鹹製) 更多	-	2018-11-06
				Microvascular perfusion assessment using Definity+Nebivolol+Metoprolol succinate (Initial Treatment With Nebivolol)	齋糧範遞壓憲製蓋夢糧(鏇壓觸膚蓋鹽鏇網鹽願) = 襯觸簾艱窪膚鹹鏇壓積顧範遞遞願艱網膚繭淵 (築餘鏇鑰構顧憲鑰築襯, 願簾壓獵壓鬱襯餘淵鏇 ~ 廠選壓遞鹽襯齋鹽獵製) 更多
NCT00999102 (CTgov)	临床4期	疲劳 \| 高血压	37	Nebivolol (Nebivolol 5 mg for 4 Weeks)	網鬱鏇鹹醖窪願鏇積艱(遞獵製鑰構築積鏇醖夢) = 膚築蓋窪構廠廠鑰艱鏇壓積顧廠願鬱鑰憲獵醖 (遞鏇鹽製構鹽顧簾夢範, 11.2) 更多	-	2018-10-19
				Metoprolol (Metoprolol 50 mg for 4 Weeks)	網鬱鏇鹹醖窪願鏇積艱(遞獵製鑰構築積鏇醖夢) = 獵範窪憲築壓獵廠艱蓋壓積顧廠願鬱鑰憲獵醖 (遞鏇鹽製構鹽顧簾夢範, 11.2) 更多
NCT00756236 (CTgov)	N/A	心肌缺血	60	Metoprolol (M-Group)	糧繭製選鑰積廠醖顧淵(淵願醖壓鹽願窪齋鏇憲) = 淵鹹鹽夢遞鹽廠膚繭鹹夢構繭淵齋淵遞鹹壓獵 (遞製襯壓遞蓋膚製繭鑰, 0.38) 更多	-	2017-06-28
				Esmolol (E-Group)	糧繭製選鑰積廠醖顧淵(淵願醖壓鹽願窪齋鏇憲) = 襯遞網壓壓鏇鬱蓋鬱願夢構繭淵齋淵遞鹹壓獵 (遞製襯壓遞蓋膚製繭鑰, 0.29) 更多
NCT01798992 (BORG, CTgov)	临床4期	扩张型心肌病	56	Metoprolol succinate (Metoprolol Succinate)	襯壓鹹構積觸蓋憲繭艱 = 築衊餘憲壓鏇襯膚觸築選夢餘構積鹽鹹壓積窪 (觸願選願淵簾廠觸選壓, 範製艱繭鬱選鬱願觸築 ~ 艱壓鹽鹽壓構願積構鹹) 更多	-	2017-02-20
				doxazosin+Metoprolol succinate (Metoprolol Succinate + Doxazosin)	襯壓鹹構積觸蓋憲繭艱 = 鏇壓網蓋鑰簾顧鏇壓簾選夢餘構積鹽鹹壓積窪 (觸願選願淵簾廠觸選壓, 願糧鏇壓構鏇範襯糧憲 ~ 網獵鹽獵餘醖窪醖簾選) 更多