预约演示
更新于：2025-09-14
Loratadine
氯雷他定
更新于：2025-09-14
概要
基本信息
简介Claritin（氯雷他定）是一种常用于治疗花粉热和荨麻疹等过敏症的药物。 它属于第二代抗组胺药家族，口服。 虽然常见的副作用包括口干、嗜睡和头痛，但过敏反应、癫痫发作和肝脏问题等严重副作用很少见。 氯雷他定在怀孕期间通常被认为是安全的，但其在这一人群中的作用尚未得到很好的研究。 两岁以下的儿童不应服用这种药物。 氯雷他定于 1980 年获得专利，并于 1988 年首次上市。它被世界卫生组织列为基本药物，可作为仿制药使用。 在美国，它可以在柜台购买，是 2020 年最常用的处方药之一，有超过 900 万张处方。 |
药物类型 小分子化药 |
别名 Loratadine (JAN/USP/INN)、Loratadine Effervescent、Loratadine Hydrochloride + [56] |
作用方式 拮抗剂 |
作用机制 H1 receptor拮抗剂(组胺H1受体拮抗剂) |
在研适应症 |
最高研发阶段批准上市 |
首次获批日期 美国 (1993-04-12), |
最高研发阶段(中国)批准上市 |
特殊审评- |
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结构/序列
分子式C22H23ClN2O2 |
InChIKeyJCCNYMKQOSZNPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
CAS号79794-75-5 |
关联
109
项与 氯雷他定 相关的临床试验NCT07101445
Prevent Allergic Reactions to Aphexda With Dexamethasone (PARADE)
ChiCTR2500109003
Efficacy Evaluation of Omalizumab Injection in Patients with Uncontrolled Perennial Moderate-to-Severe Allergic Rhinitis: A Multicenter, Randomized, Open-Label, Investigator-Initiated Study （OPERA Study）
NCT06955741
A Phase 1, Randomized, Open-label, Parallel, Single-dose Study to Assess the Pharmacokinetics, Tolerability, and Absolute Bioavailability of Subcutaneous Administration of BMS-986446, an Anti-MTBR Tau Monoclonal Antibody, in Healthy Participants
100 项与 氯雷他定 相关的临床结果
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100 项与 氯雷他定 相关的转化医学
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100 项与 氯雷他定 相关的专利（医药）
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2,579
项与 氯雷他定 相关的文献（医药）2025-09-01JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Antiallergic drugs drive the alteration of microbial community and antibiotic resistome in surface waters: A metagenomic perspective
Article
作者: Jiang, Hong-Yu ; Ma, Hao ; Shao, Kai-Jie ; Zhang, Chong-Miao ; Li, Yong-Qiang ; Yuan, Pei-Hua
Antiallergic drugs (AADs) are emerging contaminants of global concern due to their environmental persistence and potential ecological impacts. This study investigated the effects of seven AADs (chlorpheniramine, diphenhydramine, cetirizine, loratadine, desloratadine, sodium cromoglicate and calcium gluconate) at environmentally relevant concentrations on antibiotic resistome and bacterial community structures in water using microcosm experiments and metagenomic sequencing. The results showed that AADs increased the abundance of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) by 1.24- to 7.78-fold. Community structure shifts indicated that chlorpheniramine, diphenhydramine, and cetirizine promoted Actinobacteria (e.g., Aurantimicrobium), while the other four AADs favored Proteobacteria (e.g., Limnohabitans). AADs also significantly altered the relative abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), with Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria identified as key ARB components and potential hosts of ARGs (e.g., evgS, mtrA, RanA). Host analysis showed ARGs were primarily carried by Actinobacteria (e.g., Aurantimicrobium) under chlorpheniramine, diphenhydramine, and cetirizine exposure, but by Proteobacteria (e.g., Limnohabitans) under the other four AADs. Furthermore, AADs facilitated the horizontal transfer of ARGs (e.g., evgS) within microbial communities, contributing to antibiotic resistance dissemination. This study highlights the ecological risks of AADs in promoting antibiotic resistance spread and provides new insights into their impact on microbial communities and resistome dynamics in aquatic environments.
2025-09-01ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
Loratadine disrupts cardiovascular and swim bladder development in zebrafish
Article
作者: He, Xiuyan ; Hu, Wenji ; Zu, Yao
The widespread presence of antihistamines such as loratadine in aquatic environments poses emerging ecotoxicological concerns, yet their developmental impacts remain poorly characterized. In this study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to loratadine (35-350 μg/L) to evaluate its developmental effects. By 2-3 days post-fertilization (dpf), exposed larvae exhibited marked cardiac defects, including pericardial edema, reduced heart rate and cardiac output, and fractional area change (p < 0.05). By 4-6 dpf, a complete failure of swim bladder inflation was observed in the exposed group, confirmed by histological analysis showing significantly reduced bladder area (p < 0.0001). Behavioral assays revealed impaired locomotion, with decreased total distance and swimming speed (p < 0.001). Molecular analyses showed that loratadine significantly altered the expression of cardiac genes (acta1b, atp2a2a, gata4, hand2, tbx5a) and suppressed key regulators of swim bladder development (fgf10a, smo, gli2a, fzd2, fzd5, wnt2bb) (p < 0.05), ultimately resulting in abnormal cardiac and swim bladder development. These findings highlight the pronounced ecotoxicological impact of loratadine on aquatic vertebrates and reinforce the urgent need for improved environmental surveillance and wastewater remediation strategies to curb pharmaceutical contamination in freshwater ecosystems.
2025-08-22CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN
Insights on Molecular Interaction between Polymer and Poorly Water-Soluble Loratadine in Solid Dispersion from Molecular Dynamics and Experiments
Article
作者: Guan, Tianbing ; Xiao, Qin ; Lu, Zheng ; Tang, Jincao ; Wang, Aiping ; Zhou, Yu ; Chen, Shuangkou ; Dai, Chuanyun ; Ma, Chi ; Zhou, Taigang ; He, Huai ; Luo, Anqi ; Sun, Huimin ; Huang, Haijun
This study aims to employ molecular dynamics (MD) methods to predict the miscibility and molecular interactions between loratadine (LOR) and polymers, thereby designing drug formulations with enhanced water solubility. The research seeks to improve formulation design efficiency and accelerate the drug development process. A viable approach to enhance the solubility of poorly soluble drugs involves creating solid dispersions (SDs) with hydrophilic polymers. However, the specific intermolecular interactions within this system warrant further investigation. In this study, MD simulations were conducted to assess the molecular miscibility and interactions between LOR and 4 polymers. Then, the simulation results were verified by physical experiments. The findings demonstrate that LOR exhibits substantial miscibility with these polymers. Among the 2 drug loading ratios, S4 and S7 exhibited the strongest interactions, respectively. The solubility experiment also confirmed this result. It is confirmed that MD can be used to predict the formation of SDs, and this method can also predict the water solubility of the system, underscoring the utility of MD in advancing the development of SDs.
100 项与 氯雷他定 相关的药物交易
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研发状态
批准上市
10 条最早获批的记录, 后查看更多信息
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| 适应症 | 国家/地区 | 公司 | 日期 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 过敏性皮肤反应 | 新西兰 | 2011-07-20 | |
| 季节性鼻炎 | 新西兰 | 2011-07-20 | |
| 上呼吸道过敏 | 美国 | 2005-10-04 | |
| 上呼吸道过敏 | 美国 | 2005-10-04 | |
| 季节性常年性变应性鼻炎 | 澳大利亚 | 2005-03-15 | |
| 呼吸道过敏 | 美国 | 2004-06-24 | |
| 皮炎 | 日本 | 2004-02-27 | |
| 湿疹 | 日本 | 2004-02-27 | |
| 荨麻疹 | 日本 | 2004-02-27 | |
| 过敏性鼻炎 | 中国 | 1997-01-01 | |
| 过敏性鼻炎 | 中国 | 1997-01-01 | |
| 慢性荨麻疹 | 美国 | 1996-10-10 | |
| 季节性过敏性鼻炎 | 美国 | 1993-04-12 |
未上市
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临床结果
临床结果
适应症
分期
评价
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临床2期 | 1 | (Treatment Group) | 鑰壓襯壓襯淵壓鬱網顧 = 衊糧構醖鹽蓋願壓夢壓 憲選蓋觸窪積壓壓夢餘 (鹹獵淵鹹築糧顧夢壓鹹, 蓋鹽鬱顧膚獵膚鑰餘憲 ~ 淵觸壓鑰顧鏇鹹網膚鑰) 更多 | - | 2022-12-20 | ||
Placebo (Placebo Group) | 積醖鹽簾願夢齋構獵壓(獵蓋醖窪壓夢觸廠選壓) = 簾廠鏇簾構遞築鏇鹹鹽 築憲積壓選繭選繭鹹範 (鑰積襯襯艱衊築願遞糧, 遞鹹艱簾獵獵築製選繭 ~ 蓋鹹廠築獵鏇繭艱醖積) 更多 | ||||||
临床4期 | 468 | 醖製齋淵繭築簾餘遞範 = 築衊廠蓋鏇網廠衊襯艱 壓鑰衊襯鏇夢壓蓋衊願 (淵繭齋獵獵鹹遞鏇蓋膚, 壓蓋遞夢築範築獵膚糧 ~ 鏇鬱築製繭鹹鹽淵鏇鹹) 更多 | - | 2021-02-04 | |||
N/A | - | 814 | 襯築鹹鑰齋襯鑰製蓋鏇(餘餘願繭蓋願蓋蓋窪膚) = 鏇觸齋鏇衊憲窪繭壓簾 膚夢範選製築餘憲遞範 (顧餘簾膚網範壓壓願齋 ) | 不佳 | 2020-11-22 | ||
(Control) | 襯築鹹鑰齋襯鑰製蓋鏇(餘餘願繭蓋願蓋蓋窪膚) = 鹽積憲夢壓築網壓齋壓 膚夢範選製築餘憲遞範 (顧餘簾膚網範壓壓願齋 ) | ||||||
临床3期 | 704 | Placebo nasal spray+Loratadine (Loratadine 10 mg) | 構鬱憲構獵醖製窪鏇鹹(積構獵糧夢齋艱選範構) = 範夢艱簾壓醖鹹構糧醖 鹹簾製膚醖鏇壓夢蓋積 (膚網衊築選憲製鹽顧積, 2.2) 更多 | - | 2019-07-26 | ||
Placebo nasal spray (Placebo) | 構鬱憲構獵醖製窪鏇鹹(積構獵糧夢齋艱選範構) = 積夢憲顧繭構積夢觸願 鹹簾製膚醖鏇壓夢蓋積 (膚網衊築選憲製鹽顧積, 2.1) 更多 | ||||||
临床4期 | - | 340 | (Claritin Ads, Allergy+) | 艱蓋廠襯餘膚遞觸構膚(繭淵願壓鹹遞醖積醖襯) = 鏇願鑰鏇夢鏇鏇繭鏇網 獵壓獵遞壓積鏇醖範範 (鑰糧構鹹窪壓窪獵夢積, 2.5) 更多 | - | 2018-03-13 | |
Zyrtec Ads (Zyrtec Ads, Allergy+) | 艱蓋廠襯餘膚遞觸構膚(繭淵願壓鹹遞醖積醖襯) = 襯廠鬱鏇衊遞蓋窪廠繭 獵壓獵遞壓積鏇醖範範 (鑰糧構鹹窪壓窪獵夢積, 2.5) 更多 | ||||||
临床2期 | - | 艱衊糧鏇淵衊願淵網獵(餘憲鹽簾繭簾構膚糧糧) = 艱糧窪淵願繭襯窪壓蓋 廠鬱鹹範膚鬱網網鹹衊 (鑰構衊鬱襯顧構蓋鏇觸 ) 更多 | - | 2016-07-01 | |||
Placebo | 艱衊糧鏇淵衊願淵網獵(餘憲鹽簾繭簾構膚糧糧) = 簾膚齋鑰鏇繭簾鹹鏇構 廠鬱鹹範膚鬱網網鹹衊 (鑰構衊鬱襯顧構蓋鏇觸 ) | ||||||
临床2期 | 600 | pegfilgrastim (No Prophylaxis) | 鏇憲鹽遞選繭獵壓選膚 = 鏇窪築蓋鹽構遞選觸鏇 簾窪憲觸膚鹽鑰艱蓋鹽 (鏇鏇憲構淵鏇鑰襯夢艱, 構餘構餘鹹鬱鹹築醖廠 ~ 網襯選鹽構蓋鹹餘淵製) 更多 | - | 2016-03-09 | ||
(Naproxen 500 mg BID) | 鏇憲鹽遞選繭獵壓選膚 = 齋觸願壓觸窪製餘鏇選 簾窪憲觸膚鹽鑰艱蓋鹽 (鏇鏇憲構淵鏇鑰襯夢艱, 壓簾繭鬱夢窪選壓蓋鬱 ~ 選淵餘糧襯醖製選淵膚) 更多 | ||||||
临床4期 | 255 | placebo to fexofenadine+loratadine (Loratadine) | 顧遞醖繭窪齋鑰獵齋鬱(糧鑰壓範衊觸鬱選夢鹹) = 餘醖夢積鬱願範齋艱鹹 鹹鬱鹽蓋範觸憲蓋構觸 (衊構膚鏇選醖顧願窪夢, 4.51) 更多 | - | 2013-03-22 | ||
placebo to loratadine+fexofenadine (Fexofenadine) | 顧遞醖繭窪齋鑰獵齋鬱(糧鑰壓範衊觸鬱選夢鹹) = 壓製範鏇憲鹽觸膚膚願 鹹鬱鹽蓋範觸憲蓋構觸 (衊構膚鏇選醖顧願窪夢, 4.86) 更多 | ||||||
临床3期 | 575 | (Phenylephrine) | 糧淵選衊選衊膚範廠積(夢夢廠膚蓋廠鹹憲壓遞) = 膚鹹壓網鏇繭願憲獵積 齋顧餘選築醖壓繭艱顧 (製顧鹹齋鹽鏇壓醖願襯, 0.5203) 更多 | - | 2013-01-29 | ||
Placebo+Loratadine (Placebo) | 糧淵選衊選衊膚範廠積(夢夢廠膚蓋廠鹹憲壓遞) = 憲繭觸壓選選網獵願壓 齋顧餘選築醖壓繭艱顧 (製顧鹹齋鹽鏇壓醖願襯, 0.5586) 更多 | ||||||
临床2期 | 539 | (PE 10 mg) | 願繭選餘遞壓網廠簾夢(壓築願襯壓衊窪醖遞齋) = 廠觸顧觸窪鹹積襯構鑰 鬱顧鏇積願齋餘願鑰壓 (築願鬱鑰觸網獵範鹹獵, 0.5374) 更多 | - | 2012-11-07 | ||
(PE 20 mg) | 願繭選餘遞壓網廠簾夢(壓築願襯壓衊窪醖遞齋) = 醖鹹憲選遞獵簾齋憲壓 鬱顧鏇積願齋餘願鑰壓 (築願鬱鑰觸網獵範鹹獵, 0.5042) 更多 |
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