Ibrutinib

关注并星标CPHI制药在线白细胞介素 - 1 受体相关激酶 4（IRAK4）是先天免疫信号关键调节因子，在免疫防御和疾病发展中作用重大，是 Toll 样受体信号转导核心环节，能激活关键信号通路启动炎症因子表达。在肿瘤领域，它参与调控肿瘤微环境炎症反应，影响肿瘤细胞增殖等，抑制它有望打破肿瘤免疫逃逸。IRAK4 吸引众多药企，但开发之路艰难。辉瑞的 Zimlovisertib 和拜耳的 Zabedosertib 在特应性皮炎治疗研究中失败，原因是传统小分子抑制剂有局限性，无法干扰 IRAK4 支架功能，难以全面抑制炎症信号通路。尽管如此，IRAK4 潜力仍在，全球有15款候选药物处于临床阶段。小分子抑制剂Zimlovisertib 和 Zabedosertib 在特应性皮炎治疗上的失败，为整个行业敲响了警钟。深入分析原因，主要在于特应性皮炎的发病机制极为复杂，皮肤微环境中的炎症反应涉及多条信号通路的交互作用。IRAK4 在其中不仅通过激酶活性传递信号，其支架功能也对炎症的持续和放大起到关键作用。传统小分子抑制剂由于无法阻断支架功能，难以从根本上扭转炎症态势，导致治疗效果不佳。这也凸显了在药物研发中，精准理解疾病发病机制和靶点作用模式的重要性，仅仅抑制单一功能，可能无法满足复杂疾病的治疗需求。面对困境，国内药企朗来科技另辟蹊径，其自主研发的 MY004567 展现出独特的差异化策略。MY004567 基于朗来科技精准、高效的小分子药物发现平台 LLIPDS 开发，在分子结构上进行了优化 。这种优化使其药代动力学特性得到显著改善，能够更有效地在体内分布和代谢，延长药物作用时间。同时，其药效也更优，对 IRAK4 的抑制作用更强且持久。在适应症选择上，朗来科技避开了竞争激烈且对支架功能依赖强的特应性皮炎领域，聚焦于类风湿关节炎和 IgA 肾病。类风湿关节炎是一种常见的自身免疫性疾病，主要表现为关节的慢性炎症，导致关节疼痛、肿胀、畸形，严重影响患者的生活质量。IRAK4 在类风湿关节炎的发病过程中，通过激活炎症信号通路，促进炎症因子的释放，加重关节炎症损伤。MY004567 能够特异性地抑制 IRAK4，阻断炎症信号传导，从而减轻关节炎症，缓解患者症状。目前，MY004567 正在国内开展治疗类风湿关节炎的 Ⅱ 期临床试验，有望为广大类风湿关节炎患者带来新的治疗选择。阿斯利康的 AZD6793 同样在小分子抑制剂的困境中找到了新的方向。阿斯利康将目光投向了慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）。COPD 是一种具有气流阻塞特征的慢性支气管炎和（或）肺气肿，可进一步发展为肺心病和呼吸衰竭，严重威胁人类健康。据世界卫生组织《2019 年全球卫生估计报告》显示，COPD 是全球第三大死因，在我国 40 岁及以上人群中患病率居世界之首，且患病人数呈逐年增长态势 。在 COPD 的发病过程中，炎症反应贯穿始终，多种炎症细胞和炎症介质参与其中。IRAK4 作为炎症信号通路的关键节点，对 COPD 的病情发展起到重要推动作用。AZD6793 通过抑制 IRAK4，有望阻断炎症信号传导，减轻肺部炎症，改善患者的肺功能和生活质量。与特应性皮炎等领域不同，COPD 对 IRAK4 支架功能的依赖相对较弱，这使得小分子抑制剂在该领域有更大的发挥空间。阿斯利康选择 COPD 作为突破口，不仅避开了竞争红海，还充分利用了小分子抑制剂的优势，降低了临床失败风险，为 IRAK4 小分子抑制剂的发展开辟了新的路径。多靶点药物在血液瘤治疗领域，多靶点药物凭借其独特的作用机制，逐渐崭露头角，成为攻克血液瘤耐药难题的新希望。其双靶点抑制策略，犹如一把锋利的 “双刃剑”，为患者带来了新的生机。以 FLT3/IRAK4 双靶点抑制剂为例，FLT3 是对造血干细胞有重要作用的跨膜受体酪氨酸激酶蛋白。约 30% 新确诊急性髓性白血病（AML）患者存在 FLT3 基因突变，FLT3 - ITD 突变最常见，与患者复发风险增加和生存期缩短相关。传统 FLT3 抑制剂有耐药问题，适应性耐药与 IRAK1 和 IRAK4 代偿信号传导上调有关。FLT3/IRAK4 双靶点抑制剂通过同时抑制 FLT3 和 IRAK4 阻断肿瘤增殖信号通路、克服耐药。在 AML 发生发展中，FLT3 基因突变致下游信号通路过度激活，IRAK4 激活炎症信号通路，双靶点抑制剂作用于这两个关键靶点，协同抑制肿瘤细胞生长存活。BTK/IRAK4 双靶点抑制剂也是典型组合。BTK 是 B 细胞受体信号通路关键调节因子，BTK 抑制剂给 B 细胞恶性肿瘤治疗带来变革，但出现耐药问题。IRAK4 在炎症和免疫反应中作用重要，在 B 细胞恶性肿瘤中，MyD88/IRAK4 与 BCR/BTK 信号通路存在正交关系，共同调节 NF - κB 通路异常激活。BTK/IRAK4 双靶点抑制剂能同时阻断这两条信号通路，抑制肿瘤细胞生长存活，解决共价型 BTK 抑制剂耐药突变问题。在全球范围内，多靶点药物的研发取得了显著进展。Rigel 公司的 R289 是一种双重 IRAK1/4 抑制剂，已获得美国 FDA 的快速通道资格，用于治疗对之前疗法反应不足的输血依赖性低风险骨髓增生异常综合征（LR-MDS）患者 。临床前研究表明，R289 可通过 TLR 和 IL-1R 信号传导减少炎症细胞因子的产生，这些途径的失调与促炎性骨髓环境有关，导致低风险 MDS 患者持续出现血细胞减少症。目前，R289 正在进行一项 1b 期研究，评估其在复发或对先前疗法有耐药性的 LR-MDS 患者中的安全性、耐受性、药代动力学和初步活性。复星医药旗下星盛新辉开发的 XS-04 是全球唯一一款 IRAK4/BTK 双激酶抑制剂。2023 年 AACR 年会上公布其临床前数据，显示它有有效的激酶抑制活性，能抑制 BTK C481S 耐药突变细胞，在多种移植模型中可显著抑制肿瘤生长，在伊布替尼诱导耐药模型中抑瘤效果显著且耐受性良好。在中国，多域生物的 HPB-092 是国内首个 FLT3/IRAK4 双靶点抑制剂，2025 年启动急性髓性白血病Ⅰ期临床。多域生物利用前沿技术加快研发，HPB-092 临床前性能卓越，活性与安全性优于同靶点药物，有望扩大 AML/MDS 治疗人群并取得更好疗效。科辉智药基于 AI 驱动靶点验证平台开发了 IRAK1/4 双靶点抑制剂 ARD-885，利用 AI 精准识别验证靶点加速研发。ARD-885 已在中美获批针对类风湿关节炎的临床研究，临床前显示能抑制 IRAK1 和 IRAK4 活性、阻断炎症通路、减轻关节炎症，还计划拓展适应症至其他炎症和自身免疫疾病领域，有望用于肿瘤治疗。PROTAC 技术在 IRAK4 靶点药物研发的征程中，PROTAC技术以其独特的作用机制，掀起了一场从 “抑制” 到 “降解” 的革命，为攻克疾病难题带来了全新的希望。PROTAC，即蛋白水解靶向嵌合体，它的出现打破了传统小分子抑制剂仅能抑制激酶活性的局限。PROTAC 分子由三部分组成：一端是能特异性识别并结合目标蛋白（如 IRAK4）的配体，另一端是能与 E3 泛素连接酶结合的配体，中间则是一段连接子。当 PROTAC 分子与 IRAK4 和 E3 泛素连接酶同时结合时，就会形成一个三元复合物。E3 泛素连接酶会将泛素分子标记到 IRAK4 上，被标记的 IRAK4 就会被细胞内的蛋白酶体识别并降解，从而实现对 IRAK4 蛋白的双重清除，不仅阻断了其激酶活性，还消除了其支架功能，从根本上抑制了相关信号通路的激活 。在国际上，赛诺菲与 Kymera 合作开发的 KT-474 备受关注，它是潜在的 “first-in-class” IRAK4 口服蛋白降解剂，用于治疗 TLR/IL-1R 驱动的免疫炎症性疾病。2023 年 11 月，Kymera 宣布 KT-474 的 1 期临床试验取得积极结果并发表于《自然?医学》。该试验评估了其安全性等，结果显示在健康志愿者血液中观察到 IRAK4 降解，接受治疗的患者血液中也实现类似降解，HS 和 AD 患者血液及皮肤中疾病相关炎症生物标志物减少，且皮肤病变和症状改善。药物耐受性良好，无药物相关性感染。目前，KT-474 正在进行 AD 和 HS 的 2 期临床试验，预计 2025 年上半年获顶线结果，有望带来治疗新突破。吉利德与 Nurix Therapeutics 合作引进 NX - 0479（GS - 6791）进入 IRAK4 降解剂赛道，它能阻断炎症反应，在类风湿关节炎等疾病治疗中有潜在前景。在中国，领泰生物的 LT - 002 - 158 是国内首个进入临床的 IRAK4 PROTAC，2024 年 6 月完成首例健康志愿者给药，安全性良好，正开展针对皮肤免疫疾病临床试验，还计划探索血液肿瘤效果，未揭盲数据显示安全性优于同类。百济神州基于自有 CDAC 平台研发的 BGB - 45035 潜力强大，2024 年 8 月获临床试验默示许可，6 月启动 1 期随机临床试验，预计招募 92 人，给中重度特应性皮炎患者带来希望。多域生物开发的 IRAK4 蛋白降解剂 HPB - 143 有口服给药生物利用度高、起效剂量低、药效优的优势，已在中美获批临床研究，2025 年 2 月将全球（大中华区和东南亚除外）开发等权利独家许可给 Photys Therapeutics，加速全球化进程。结语IRAK4靶点的故事，是药物研发从“盲目试错”走向“理性设计”的缩影。无论是小分子的迭代、多靶点的协同，还是PROTAC的降维打击，中国药企正以技术为矛、策略为盾，在全球舞台上撕开一道突破口。未来，谁能率先攻克临床验证的最后一关，谁就能在这场靶点竞逐中，真正改写治疗史的规则。参考资料：　1、各公司官网END2025金笔奖征文活动开启，来投稿吧！领取CPHI & PMEC China 2025展会门票智药研习社课程预告来源：CPHI制药在线声明：本文仅代表作者观点，并不代表制药在线立场。本网站内容仅出于传递更多信息之目的。如需转载，请务必注明文章来源和作者。投稿邮箱：Kelly.Xiao@imsinoexpo.com▼更多制药资讯，请关注CPHI制药在线▼点击阅读原文，进入智药研习社~

FDA and EMA discussions completed to support a potential accelerated approval path in both US and EU Orphan Drug Designation for PCNSL granted in both US and EU Management to host conference call today at 8:30 a.m. ET LEXINGTON, Mass., March 31, 2025 /PRNewswire/ -- Curis, Inc. (NASDAQ: CRIS), a biotechnology company focused on the development of emavusertib (CA-4948), an orally available, small molecule IRAK4 inhibitor, today reported its business update and financial results for the quarter ended December 31, 2024. Operational Highlights Emavusertib (IRAK4 Inhibitor) TakeAim Lymphoma Curis successfully concluded meetings with both the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) on the suitability of using the ongoing TakeAim Lymphoma study (NCT 03328078) to support a potential accelerated approval path in PCNSL. Curis also announced that emavusertib has been granted Orphan Drug Designation for PCNSL in both the US and Europe. Curis provided a data update for 27 patients enrolled in the ongoing TakeAim Lymphoma study in relapsed/refractory (R/R) PCNSL as of January 2, 2025 (data cutoff). In 20 BTKi-experienced patients: 13 patients had change in tumor burden data available as of data cutoff; 9 of these 13 patients demonstrated a reduction in tumor burden, including 6 objective responses, 4 complete responses (CR) and 2 partial responses (PR), with 3 of 4 CRs lasting more than six months. In 7 BTKi-naïve patients: 6 patients had change in tumor burden data available as of data cutoff; 5 of these 6 patients demonstrated a reduction in tumor burden, including 5 objective responses, 1 CR and 4 PRs. TakeAim Leukemia In December 2024, the Company announced data from the TakeAim Leukemia study (NCT 04278768) in R/R Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) at the 66th ASH annual meeting for 21 patients with a FLT3 mutation who had received fewer than 3 lines of prior therapy and were treated with emavusertib as monotherapy at the Recommended Phase 2 Dose (RP2D) of 300 mg BID. 19 patients were response-evaluable: 10 of 19 patients achieved objective response, including 6 CRs, 2 CRs with incomplete hematological recovery or partial hematological recovery (CRi/CRh) and 2 morphologic leukemia-free state (MLFS); 7 of the 10 objective responses were reported at the first assessment. 2 patients were not response-evaluable, as they discontinued treatment prior to first disease assessment (death occurred at Day 8 and Day 13, respectively). Ema-Ven-Aza Triplet Study in Frontline AML The Company initiated a Phase 1 clinical study of emavusertib in combination with venetoclax and azacitidine (ema-ven-aza) in frontline AML (CA-4948-104, 2023-505828-58). The study is currently being conducted in Spain, Germany, and Italy to assess the safety and tolerability of different dosing regimens by adding emavusertib to a patient's ven-aza regimen after they have achieved a CR on ven-aza but remain positive for minimal residual disease. The first dosing cohort was completed and well tolerated, with no unexpected adverse events. As a result, the external Clinical Safety Review Committee recommended escalation to the next dosing cohort. Enrollment for this cohort is currently ongoing. Corporate On March 28, 2025, Curis priced a registered direct offering of common stock and concurrent private placement of pre-funded warrants and warrants ("March 2025 Offerings") with gross proceeds of approximately $10.0 million. The offerings are expected to close concurrently on March 31, 2025, subject to the satisfaction of customary closing conditions. In October 2024, Curis completed a registered direct offering and concurrent private placement with net proceeds of approximately $10.8 million. "Curis had a very productive 2024. We started the year seeing early responses in our PCNSL trial. As more patients enrolled, and we continued to see positive data, we initiated discussions with the FDA and EMA to discuss the possibility of pursuing an accelerated approval path for emavusertib. We are pleased to announce today that we have received supportive feedback from both agencies. Over the next 12-18 months, we will be focused on enrolling 30-40 additional patients to support the regulatory filing for accelerated approval," said James Dentzer, Chief Executive Officer of Curis. Additional details of the Company's discussions with EMA and FDA and the March 2025 Offerings were reported on Form 8-K filed by the Company with the SEC on March 28, 2025. Fourth Quarter 2024 Financial Results For the year ended December 31, 2024, Curis reported a net loss of $43.4 million, or $6.88 per share on both a basic and diluted basis, as compared to a net loss of $47.4 million, or $8.96 per share on both a basic and diluted basis in 2023. For the fourth quarter of 2024, Curis reported a net loss of $9.6 million or $1.25 per share on both a basic and diluted basis as compared to a net loss of $11.7 million or $2.03 on both a basic and diluted basis for the same period in 2023. Revenues, net were $10.9 million and $10.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Revenues are comprised of royalty revenues related to Genentech and Roche's net sales of Erivedge®. Revenues were $3.3 million and $2.7 million for the fourth quarters of 2024 and 2023, respectively. Research and development expenses were $38.6 million and $39.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The decrease was primarily attributable to lower clinical and consulting costs, partially offset by higher manufacturing costs. Research and development expenses were $9.0 million and $10.0 million for the fourth quarters of 2024 and 2023, respectively. General and administrative expenses were $16.8 million and $18.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The decrease was primarily attributable to lower consulting, legal, facility, insurance and employee-related costs. General and administrative expenses were $3.4 million and $4.9 million for the fourth quarters of 2024 and 2023, respectively. Other income, net was $1.2 million and $0.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The increase was attributable to a decrease in expense related to the sale of future royalties partially offset by a decrease in interest income. Other expense, net was $0.6 million for the fourth quarter of 2024 and other income, net was $0.5 million for the fourth quarter of 2023. As of December 31, 2024, Curis's cash and cash equivalents totaled $20.0 million, and the Company had approximately 8.5 million shares of common stock outstanding. Cash Runway Guidance Curis expects its cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2024, together with the expected proceeds from the March 2025 Offerings will enable the Company to fund its planned operations into the fourth quarter of 2025. Conference Call Information Curis management will host a conference call today, March 31, 2025, at 8:30 a.m. ET, to discuss the business update and these financial results. To access the live conference call, please dial (800)-836-8184 from the United States or (646)-357-8785 from other locations, shortly before 8:30 a.m. ET. The conference call can also be accessed here on the Curis website in the Investors section. About Curis, Inc. Curis is a biotechnology company focused on the development of emavusertib, an orally available, small molecule IRAK4 inhibitor. Emavusertib is currently being evaluated in the Phase 1/2 TakeAim Lymphoma study (CA-4948-101) in patients with relapsed/refractory primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) in combination with the BTK inhibitor ibrutinib, as a monotherapy in the Phase 1/2 TakeAim Leukemia study (CA-4948-102) in patients with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and relapsed/refractory high risk myelodysplastic syndrome (hrMDS), and as a frontline combination therapy with venetoclax and azacitidine in patents with AML (CA-4948-104). Emavusertib has received Orphan Drug Designation from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of PCNSL, AML and MDS and from the European Commission for the treatment of PCNSL. Curis, through its 2015 collaboration with Aurigene, has the exclusive license to emavusertib (CA-4948). Curis licensed its rights to Erivedge® to Genentech, a member of the Roche Group, under which they are commercializing Erivedge® for the treatment of advanced basal cell carcinoma. For more information, visit Curis's website at . Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements: This press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including, without limitation, statements concerning the offerings and the expected closing of the offerings; regulatory guidance on potential Conditional Marketing Authorization (CMA) from the EMA and potential NDA for Accelerated Approval from the FDA for emavusertib in the treatment of PCNSL, and Curis's expectations with respect to regulatory objectives; Curis's expectations with respect to enrollment of BTKi naïve and BTKi experienced populations in the TakeAim Lymphoma study; statements regarding updated PCNSL data from the TakeAim Lymphoma study, the potential use thereof for regulatory submissions to support CMA and/or Accelerated Approval, and the therapeutic potential and tolerability of emavusertib in patients with PCNSL; statements concerning research, development, clinical trials and commercialization plans, timelines, anticipated results, use, safety, efficacy, rates and duration of responses, mutations or potential biomarkers, and potential benefits of emavusertib as a monotherapy and/or as a combination therapy; statements regarding Curis's anticipated cash runway; and statements of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing. Forward-looking statements may contain the words "believes," "expects," "anticipates," "plans," "intends," "seeks," "estimates," "assumes," "predicts," "projects," "targets," "will," "may," "would," "could," "should," "likelihood", "continue," "potential," "opportunity," "focus," "strategy," "mission," or similar expressions. These forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other important factors that may cause actual results to be materially different from those indicated by such forward-looking statements. Customary closing conditions related to the offerings may not be satisfied. Curis may experience adverse results, delays and/or failures in its drug development programs and may not be able to successfully advance the development of its drug candidates in the time frames it projects, if at all. Curis's drug candidates may cause unexpected toxicities, fail to demonstrate sufficient safety and efficacy in clinical studies and/or may never achieve the requisite regulatory approvals needed for commercialization. Notably, Curis may not achieve its project timeline to fully enroll patients and submit regulatory filings for emavusertib within the next 18-24 months, and the safety and efficacy data results from the TakeAim Lymphoma study of emavusertib in PCNSL may not be sufficient for Curis to successfully achieve conditional marketing authorization from the EMA or accelerated approval from the FDA for emavusertib. Favorable results seen in preclinical studies and early clinical trials of Curis's drug candidates may not be replicated in later trials. Curis is dependent on the success of emavusertib and any delays in the development of emavusertib could have a material adverse effect on its business. There can be no guarantee that the collaboration agreement with Aurigene will continue for its full term, or the CRADA with NCI, that Curis or its collaborators will each maintain the financial and other resources necessary to continue financing its portion of the research, development and commercialization costs, or that the parties will successfully discover, develop or commercialize drug candidates under the collaboration. Regulatory authorities may determine to delay or restrict Genentech's and/or Roche's ability to continue to commercialize Erivedge in basal cell carcinoma. Competing drugs may be developed that are superior to Erivedge. In connection with its agreement with Oberland Capital, Curis faces risks relating to the transfer and encumbrance of certain royalty and royalty-related payments on commercial sales of Erivedge, including the risk that, in the event of a default by Curis or its wholly-owned subsidiary, Curis could lose all retained rights to future royalty and royalty-related payments, Curis could be required to repurchase such future royalty and royalty-related payments at a price that is a multiple of the payments it has received, and its ability to enter into future arrangements may be inhibited, all of which could have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition and stock price. Curis will require substantial additional capital to fund its business. Based on its available cash resources, it does not have sufficient cash on hand to support current operations within the next 12 months from the date of this press release. Curis will require substantial additional funding in the immediate term to fund the development of emavusertib through regulatory approval and commercialization, and to support its continued operations. If it is not able to obtain sufficient funding, it will be forced to delay, reduce in scope or eliminate the development emavusertib, including related clinical trials and operating expenses, potentially delaying the time to market for, or preventing the marketing of, emavusertib, which could adversely affect its business prospects and its ability to continue operations, and would have a negative impact on its financial condition and its ability to pursue its business strategies. Curis faces substantial competition. Curis and its collaborators face the risk of potential adverse decisions made by the FDA, EMA and other regulatory authorities, investigational review boards, and publication review bodies. Curis may not obtain or maintain necessary patent protection and could become involved in expensive and time-consuming patent litigation and interference proceedings. Unstable market and economic conditions, natural disasters, public health crises, political crises and other events outside of Curis's control could significantly disrupt its operations or the operations of third parties on which Curis depends and could adversely impact Curis's operating results and its ability to raise capital. Other important factors that may cause or contribute to actual results being materially different from those indicated by forward-looking statements include the factors set forth under the captions "Risk Factor Summary" and "Risk Factors" in our most recent Form 10-K, and the factors that are discussed in other filings that we periodically make with the Securities and Exchange Commission. In addition, any forward-looking statements represent the views of Curis only as of today and should not be relied upon as representing Curis's views as of any subsequent date. Curis disclaims any intention or obligation to update any of the forward-looking statements after the date of this press release whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required by law. SOURCE Curis, Inc. WANT YOUR COMPANY'S NEWS FEATURED ON PRNEWSWIRE.COM? 440k+ Newsrooms & Influencers 9k+ Digital Media Outlets 270k+ Journalists Opted In GET STARTED