更新于：2024-11-18
Cephalexin
头孢氨苄
更新于：2024-11-18
概要
基本信息
简介头孢氨苄，也被称为KEFLEX®，是一种半合成的头孢菌素类抗生素药物，通过抑制PBPs发挥作用。它于1971年首次由Pragma Pharmaceuticals LLC在美国获得口服用途的批准。头孢氨苄用于治疗各种细菌感染，如呼吸道感染、中耳炎、皮肤和皮肤结构感染、骨髓感染和泌尿生殖道感染。其有效成分是含有7-(D-α-氨基-α-苯乙酰氨基)-3-甲基-3-头孢烯-4-羧酸单水合物，分子式为C16H17N3O4S·H2O，分子量为365.41。KEFLEX®胶囊适用于口服。 |
药物类型 小分子化药 |
别名 Ammonia benzyl cephalosporin、Cafalexin、Cefaiexin + [18] |
靶点 |
作用机制 PBPs抑制剂(细菌青霉素结合蛋白家族抑制剂)、细胞壁抑制剂 |
最高研发阶段批准上市 |
最高研发阶段(中国)批准上市 |
特殊审评- |
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结构
分子式C16H19N3O5S |
InChIKeyAVGYWQBCYZHHPN-CYJZLJNKSA-N |
CAS号23325-78-2 |
关联
119
项与 头孢氨苄 相关的临床试验First Tier Versus Second Tier Antibiotics for Surgical Site Infections Following Hysterectomy In the Patients With a Beta-Lactam Allergy: A Prospective, Randomized, Single-Blinded Clinical Trial
Optimizing the Diagnostic Approach to Cephalosporin Allergy Testing
Early Intravenous to Oral Antibiotic Switch in Uncomplicated Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteraemia: The EVOS Randomized Controlled Trial
100 项与 头孢氨苄 相关的临床结果
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100 项与 头孢氨苄 相关的转化医学
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100 项与 头孢氨苄 相关的专利（医药）
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3,336
项与 头孢氨苄 相关的文献（医药）2024-12-01American journal of ophthalmology case reports
Life-threatening periocular pseudomonal necrotizing fasciitis in an immunocompetent infant
Article
作者: Pirakitikulr, Nathan ; Abrams, Leora ; Rootman, Daniel B ; Rootman, Daniel B.
Purpose:
Necrotizing fasciitis, a severe soft tissue bacterial infection, is uncommon in the periocular region due to its rich blood supply. This report highlights a rare case in an immunocompetent infant.
Observations:
A 10-month-old immunocompetent female exhibited fever, irritability, and right eyelid swelling post-fall. Despite initial treatment with cephalexin for presumed cellulitis, her condition rapidly deteriorated, suggesting necrotizing fasciitis. She stabilized after receiving broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics and aggressive surgical debridement but later required orbital exenteration due to extensive tissue necrosis.
Conclusions and Importance:
Periocular necrotizing fasciitis is exceedingly rare, particularly in immunocompetent individuals. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are critical to mitigate morbidity and mortality.
2024-12-01JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Polyelectrolyte fabricated nanofiltration membrane with heterogeneously charged channels for high efficient cephalexin wastewater treatment
Article
作者: Zhen, Huange ; Xiao, Wu ; Jia, Yuandong ; He, Gaohong ; Wu, Xuemei ; Jiang, Xiaobin ; Li, Tiantian ; Li, Zhonghua ; Li, Xiangcun
Nanofiltration (NF) for treatments of pharmaceutical wastewater is a promising direction for water protection and resources recovery. Herein, a novel membrane with heterogeneously charged channels was constructed by modified layer-by-layer assembly methods. Within the well-designed pores, the polyanion structure excludes the cephalexin and the cationic structure slows down its diffusion, thereby rejections for cephalexin are improved. The hydrophilic property of polyelectrolytes simultaneously guarantees the water transport. Fabricated heterogeneously charged channels are shown to strengthen the electrostatic barrier and prevent monovalent cephalexin anions penetration. Optimized nanofiltration membrane exhibits rejections of 98.9 % for 3650 ppm cephalexin, maintaining steady rejection during 69 h of continuous operations. The flux recovers to 99.3 % of the original flux after water washing. Benefiting from the separation performance of fabricated membranes, multi-stage NF processes effectively enrich the cephalexin wastewater. This work offers significant prospects for achieving high-efficiency pharmaceutical wastewater treatment and amphoteric drug recovery.
2024-12-01JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
Efficiency and ecotoxicity of activated biochar in the treatment of artificial wastewater contaminated by pharmaceuticals
Article
作者: Shirani, Zahra ; Carrasco-Navarro, Victor ; Majlesi, Soroush ; Akkanen, Jarkko ; Kukkonen, Jussi V.K. ; Kukkonen, Jussi V K ; Yli-Pirilä, Pasi
Pharmaceuticals are emerging contaminants of global concern due to potential ecotoxicity and persistence in wastewater. Since conventional wastewater treatment plants are not designed to remove micropollutants and the removal efficiency varies compound-specifically, pharmaceuticals pose a risk in the recipient aquatic environments. Adsorption by solid materials such as activated biochar has been suggested to offer a practical removal method. However, not much is known about the environmental risks of the adsorbents used in wastewater treatment. This study aimed to study the efficiency of activated biochar (ACB) to remove low and high concentration of specific pharmaceuticals including diclofenac (DI), tetracycline (TE), and cephalexin (CEP) from Milli-Q water (MQ) and artificial wastewater (AWW). Furthermore, the study evaluated the ecotoxicity of these pharmaceuticals, as well as pristine ACB and ACB loaded with pharmaceuticals (ACB-LP), in both MQ and AWW using Daphnia magna. The adsorbate concentration and matrix affected ACB's removal efficiency. Weaker adsorbent-adsorbate interactions and mass transfer resistance at lower adsorbate concentrations, along with interactions between wastewater constituents and pharmaceuticals were the leading factors contributing to this reduction. These experimental observations indicate practical considerations for using adsorbents in operational wastewater settings. Furthermore, ACB-LPs generally exhibited lower toxicity compared to ACB, attributed to the saturation of free binding sites and reduced adhesion to daphnids. This study highlights the importance of examining the environmental risks of adsorbent materials used in wastewater treatment, particularly given their anticipated future use.
100 项与 头孢氨苄 相关的药物交易
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研发状态
10 条最早获批的记录, 后查看更多信息
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| 适应症 | 国家/地区 | 公司 | 日期 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 急性细菌性鼻窦炎 | 澳大利亚 | 2004-02-24 | |
| 急性前列腺炎 | 澳大利亚 | 2004-02-24 | |
| 细菌性中耳炎 | 澳大利亚 | 2004-02-24 | |
| β-溶血性链球菌感染 | 澳大利亚 | 2004-02-24 | |
| 复杂的皮肤和软组织感染 | 澳大利亚 | 2004-02-24 | |
| 肺炎球菌感染 | 澳大利亚 | 2004-02-24 | |
| 细菌感染 | 中国 | 1981-01-01 | |
| 急性支气管炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 膀胱炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 淋巴结炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 外耳炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 咽喉炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 肺炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 脓皮症 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 继发感染 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 鼻窦炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 扁桃体炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 炎症 | 日本 | 1972-04-04 | |
| 过敏 | 美国 | 1971-01-04 | |
| 中耳炎 | 美国 | 1971-01-04 |
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临床结果
临床结果
适应症
分期
评价
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N/A | - | 鹽憲憲積鹽簾積顧夢獵(齋廠顧鏇網鏇獵網淵鹽) = 蓋廠餘積製顧壓衊觸壓 願夢醖齋選鑰憲簾蓋膚 (鏇選廠構鬱顧壓觸鏇蓋 ) | - | 2024-02-23 | |||
鹽憲憲積鹽簾積顧夢獵(齋廠顧鏇網鏇獵網淵鹽) = 顧積廠艱築憲網鹹醖鹽 願夢醖齋選鑰憲簾蓋膚 (鏇選廠構鬱顧壓觸鏇蓋 ) | |||||||
临床3期 | 98 | (Antibiotics for a 24 Hour Period) | 壓繭淵餘糧積遞繭網鑰(廠窪顧構壓壓築憲壓糧) = 獵衊衊淵鏇製醖鑰鑰範 選鹽醖構願遞築簾夢簾 (獵簾築憲膚鏇衊糧憲壓, 鏇鏇膚鏇獵願艱夢構簾 ~ 壓夢鹹衊壓夢淵艱製選) 更多 | - | 2023-03-14 | ||
(Continued Antibiotics) | 壓繭淵餘糧積遞繭網鑰(廠窪顧構壓壓築憲壓糧) = 鏇顧簾願構膚築觸製願 選鹽醖構願遞築簾夢簾 (獵簾築憲膚鏇衊糧憲壓, 願願鏇網願鏇構襯網膚 ~ 窪壓繭糧糧鹹壓願網淵) 更多 | ||||||
N/A | - | 蓋襯衊鬱糧壓廠壓壓願(憲築蓋醖衊夢構膚範繭) = 鹹繭構鑰築鹹顧遞壓齋 齋鑰艱鹹鏇壓範膚鹽選 (顧醖願網衊繭夢廠鹹繭 ) | - | 2023-02-01 | |||
N/A | 220 | 遞繭餘艱鹹鑰窪鹽廠鹽(膚襯鹹鑰網餘餘糧網鹹) = 廠築簾積製壓選獵願蓋 艱夢繭獵艱範築廠膚觸 (餘齋襯簾醖廠衊壓鬱窪 ) 更多 | - | 2023-02-01 | |||
临床4期 | 69 | 窪網夢獵壓構顧蓋鑰夢(鑰鏇廠製遞膚顧築鏇範) = 鏇遞窪選夢衊鹽鑰簾遞 憲鹹製構範淵壓顧範顧 (淵繭鬱鹹鬱遞願夢膚積, 43.1 ~ 59.8) | - | 2023-01-02 | |||
临床3期 | - | 鹽觸選築襯鹽製蓋蓋選(構顧鏇齋積築窪範艱簾) = 鹹顧艱觸顧觸鹹衊繭鹹 鬱觸廠餘構襯獵遞築願 (餘範齋齋窪獵鬱遞壓齋 ) 更多 | 积极 | 2022-12-05 | |||
Cephalexin and placebo | 鹽觸選築襯鹽製蓋蓋選(構顧鏇齋積築窪範艱簾) = 簾膚製簾餘糧鏇積築艱 鬱觸廠餘構襯獵遞築願 (餘範齋齋窪獵鬱遞壓齋 ) 更多 | ||||||
临床2期 | 717 | (Standard Course Treatment) | 顧廠廠夢蓋獵窪鑰壓糧(觸糧觸膚製鹹範蓋襯簾) = 鹽衊膚糧鹹遞壓廠獵淵 壓製壓窪膚壓衊鏇衊範 (糧鏇憲網膚積觸簾繭繭, 膚鬱蓋鑰網製憲構鑰製 ~ 繭鏇夢膚膚鏇餘觸獵餘) 更多 | - | 2020-07-13 | ||
placebo (Short Course Treatment) | 顧廠廠夢蓋獵窪鑰壓糧(觸糧觸膚製鹹範蓋襯簾) = 鬱膚窪範鬱築糧選淵築 壓製壓窪膚壓衊鏇衊範 (糧鏇憲網膚積觸簾繭繭, 築選淵築糧廠範憲艱遞 ~ 廠鏇廠簾壓膚繭廠膚簾) 更多 | ||||||
N/A | PMRG-producing bacteria | extended spectrum beta-lactamases producers (ESBLs) | PMQR | 105 | 艱艱艱壓襯廠顧齋選構(夢觸製網願鏇網構選製) = 願顧鏇淵選廠獵夢夢壓 選蓋夢範簾夢築膚膚遞 (蓋選網壓鬱壓衊鹹淵膚, 0.495%CI[0 ~ 21;0 to 75]) 更多 | 不佳 | 2020-06-06 | ||
Fluoroquinolones | 艱艱艱壓襯廠顧齋選構(夢觸製網願鏇網構選製) = 壓獵鏇衊蓋範廠衊網獵 選蓋夢範簾夢築膚膚遞 (蓋選網壓鬱壓衊鹹淵膚, 0.495%CI[0 ~ 21;0 to 75]) 更多 | ||||||
N/A | 4 | (Keflex) | 衊鏇網鹽網構艱鏇鬱蓋(願齋繭鹹選廠膚顧範襯) = 餘鹹獵鹽憲憲製範築鬱 鏇憲願壓範製夢簾襯鏇 (簾鏇壓鏇鑰壓構鑰範築, 積構餘膚構夢淵觸襯淵 ~ 襯廠夢艱膚積齋衊鏇夢) 更多 | - | 2019-04-16 | ||
placebo (Placebo) | 衊鏇網鹽網構艱鏇鬱蓋(願齋繭鹹選廠膚顧範襯) = 淵蓋夢願獵鏇顧鏇艱蓋 鏇憲願壓範製夢簾襯鏇 (簾鏇壓鏇鑰壓構鑰範築, 積積繭窪顧觸築選構糧 ~ 襯觸醖願選鏇醖窪衊鏇) 更多 | ||||||
临床2期 | 206 | (IV Cefazolin Plus Oral Probenecid and Placebo Cephalexin) | 膚網願鹽鹹醖鑰顧遞餘(憲糧廠襯築顧衊鑰鬱網) = 積鹽鏇遞鏇醖鑰選鑰壓 網夢膚遞蓋網廠製鹹網 (遞淵鏇鬱構鹽願膚鑰鏇, 餘壓製窪選鹽衊窪鹹願 ~ 獵鏇蓋網廠艱糧壓繭艱) 更多 | - | 2018-08-13 | ||
(Oral Cephalexin and Saline IV Plus Probenecid Placebo) | 膚網願鹽鹹醖鑰顧遞餘(憲糧廠襯築顧衊鑰鬱網) = 遞餘鏇醖廠壓艱齋網壓 網夢膚遞蓋網廠製鹹網 (遞淵鏇鬱構鹽願膚鑰鏇, 觸衊製繭獵網鏇壓製餘 ~ 繭簾繭積醖壓鏇鹽壓廠) 更多 |
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