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更新于：2025-03-29
Cephalexin
头孢氨苄
更新于：2025-03-29
概要
基本信息
简介头孢氨苄，也被称为KEFLEX®，是一种半合成的头孢菌素类抗生素药物，通过抑制PBPs发挥作用。它于1971年首次由Pragma Pharmaceuticals LLC在美国获得口服用途的批准。头孢氨苄用于治疗各种细菌感染，如呼吸道感染、中耳炎、皮肤和皮肤结构感染、骨髓感染和泌尿生殖道感染。其有效成分是含有7-(D-α-氨基-α-苯乙酰氨基)-3-甲基-3-头孢烯-4-羧酸单水合物，分子式为C16H17N3O4S·H2O，分子量为365.41。KEFLEX®胶囊适用于口服。 |
药物类型 小分子化药 |
别名 Ammonia benzyl cephalosporin、Cafalexin、Cefaiexin + [22] |
靶点 |
作用方式 抑制剂 |
作用机制 PBPs抑制剂(细菌青霉素结合蛋白家族抑制剂)、细胞壁抑制剂 |
最高研发阶段批准上市 |
最高研发阶段(中国)批准上市 |
特殊审评- |
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结构/序列
分子式C16H19N3O5S |
InChIKeyAVGYWQBCYZHHPN-CYJZLJNKSA-N |
CAS号23325-78-2 |
关联
117
项与 头孢氨苄 相关的临床试验NCT06406114
Optimizing the Diagnostic Approach to Cephalosporin Allergy Testing
NCT04401553
First Tier Versus Second Tier Antibiotics for Surgical Site Infections Following Hysterectomy In the Patients With a Beta-Lactam Allergy: A Prospective, Randomized, Single-Blinded Clinical Trial
NCT06336824
Early Intravenous to Oral Antibiotic Switch in Uncomplicated Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteraemia: The EVOS Randomized Controlled Trial
100 项与 头孢氨苄 相关的临床结果
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100 项与 头孢氨苄 相关的转化医学
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100 项与 头孢氨苄 相关的专利（医药）
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9,733
项与 头孢氨苄 相关的文献（医药）2025-07-01SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
Enhanced degradation of Cephalexin via peracetic acid activation using NiCo2O4 in different dimensional morphologies: Mechanistic insights and environmental implications
作者: Chen, Linjer ; Dong, Cheng-Di ; Chen, Chiu-Wen ; Nguyen, Thanh-Binh ; Le, Van-Re ; Pham, Tien-Duc
This study investigates the synthesis and application of NiCo2O4 with distinct morphologies-nanorods (1D), nanosheets (2D), and flower-like structures (3D)-to enhance peracetic acid (PAA) activation for the degradation of the antibiotic cephalexin (CPX).The 3D NiCo2O4 morphol. demonstrated superior properties, including enhanced crystallinity, electron transfer capabilities, and oxygen vacancies, which collectively improved the generation of reactive oxygen species.This led to a significant increase in CPX degradation efficiency within the PAA system.The 3D NiCo2O4/PAA system achieved an impressive 97.5% degradation of CPX and notable mineralization within 30 min.The kinetic rate constant (kobs) for CPX degradation in the 3D system was 2.8 times higher than the 2D system and 8.5 times higher than the 1D system.Both radical (O-2, OH, and R-O) and non-radical (1O2) contributed to the degradation process, with 1O2 being the primary contributor.Addnl., this study explored parameters such as mineralization, catalyst reusability, intermediate toxicity, and degradation pathways, highlighting the potential of NiCo2O4 morphologies in environmental pollutant removal.
2025-06-01FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
Isolation and characterization of Salmonella Typhimurium SL1344 variants with increased resistance to different stressing agents and food processing technologies
Article
作者: Nadal, L ; Mañas, P ; Cebrián, G ; Halaihel, N ; Guillén, S
In this study, resistant variants of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium SL1344 to different stressors were selected. In addition, a genetic and phenotypic study was performed to explore the mechanisms underlying the acquisition of resistance. We isolated 4 variants with increased stable resistance to acid, osmotic stress, high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) and Ultraviolet-C light (UV-C) after repeated rounds of exposure to these agents and outgrowth of survivors. A PEF-resistant variant (SL1344-RS), previously isolated by Sagarzazu et al. (2013), was also included in the analysis. The results indicated that the isolated variants showed resistance to at least one other agent. This increased resistance, in general terms, had a fitness cost in growth, and exerted a variable impact on virulence (mainly in cell adhesion capacity), increased antibiotic resistance but did not influence in biofilm formation capacity. Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) analysis allowed us to identify the genetic changes responsible for these phenotypic differences, and revealed that in 3 out of the 5 variants (including SL1344-RS) a mutation was found in hnr gene, an anti-sigma factor that promotes RpoS proteolysis. Hence the expression of several rpoS-regulated genes was quantified and found higher in these variants. This increase in RpoS activity would explain the lower growth rates observed in these 3 variants, as it would lead to increased transcription of genes involved in growth arrest and resistance to various types of stress. However, further analysis of a set of 22 additional Salmonella strains obtained from different culture collections indicated that a direct relationship between RpoS activity and stress resistance might not exist within Salmonella.
2025-04-01JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
Development of TiO2/Hemin@MAF-7 composites for Photo-Fenton-like degradation of tetracycline antibiotics and cyanobacteria
作者: Wang, Xiangfeng ; Liu, Yuan ; Deng, Pingye ; Xie, Mengxia ; Yang, Lina ; Deng, Suimin ; Liu, Hailing
The pollution of water environment resulted from antibiotic abuse and harmful cyanobacteria blooms poses a serious threat to the ecol. environment and human health, thus development of effective approaches to degrade and remove these pollutants is crucial to guarantee environmental security.In this work, TiO2/Hemin@MAF-7 composites with photo-Fenton-like cascade catalytic degradation activity have been successfully prepared by a self-assembly method.The photocatalysts exhibit high degradation efficiency towards tetracycline antibiotics in water solution under UV light irradiationFurthermore, the TiO2/Hemin@MAF-7 composites have the potential ability to degrade other organic pollutants under the irradiation of visible light.A possible photocatalytic degradation mechanism of the photocatalyst is proposed, which follows a Z-scheme heterojunction type.The introduction of the hemin component into the heterojunction composites significantly promotes the separation of the photo-generated charges on the catalyst, which drives the photo-Fenton-like cascade catalytic cycle degradation reaction.Addnl., the photocatalyst can effectively inhibit the growth of the Microcystis aeruginosa in water environment by damaging the structure of algal cells.This work provides a practical solution for the degradation of antibiotic residues and control of harmful cyanobacteria blooms in wastewaters, and offers a promising strategy for efficiently removing multiple emerging contaminants in water environments.
100 项与 头孢氨苄 相关的药物交易
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研发状态
10 条最早获批的记录, 后查看更多信息
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| 适应症 | 国家/地区 | 公司 | 日期 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 急性细菌性鼻窦炎 | 澳大利亚 | 2004-02-24 | |
| 急性前列腺炎 | 澳大利亚 | 2004-02-24 | |
| 细菌性中耳炎 | 澳大利亚 | 2004-02-24 | |
| β-溶血性链球菌感染 | 澳大利亚 | 2004-02-24 | |
| 复杂的皮肤和软组织感染 | 澳大利亚 | 2004-02-24 | |
| 肺炎球菌感染 | 澳大利亚 | 2004-02-24 | |
| 细菌感染 | 中国 | 1981-01-01 | |
| 急性支气管炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 膀胱炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 淋巴结炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 外耳炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 咽喉炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 肺炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 脓皮症 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 继发感染 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 鼻窦炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 扁桃体炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 炎症 | 日本 | 1972-04-04 | |
| 过敏 | 美国 | 1971-01-04 | |
| 感染 | 美国 | 1971-01-04 |
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临床结果
临床结果
适应症
分期
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N/A | - | 觸窪選憲網淵鏇膚鏇顧(遞蓋淵願廠網獵膚憲範) = 積鹹蓋觸醖選廠艱繭鑰 鬱鹹鹽觸襯簾廠夢遞觸 (鹹壓築顧蓋觸夢範壓餘 ) | - | 2024-02-23 | |||
觸窪選憲網淵鏇膚鏇顧(遞蓋淵願廠網獵膚憲範) = 糧膚鑰鏇製獵積鹹顧餘 鬱鹹鹽觸襯簾廠夢遞觸 (鹹壓築顧蓋觸夢範壓餘 ) | |||||||
临床3期 | 98 | (Antibiotics for a 24 Hour Period) | 憲範築餘積構蓋膚衊鬱 = 築蓋齋鬱淵鑰鏇築簾廠 窪遞製憲憲蓋積糧膚襯 (壓構獵願醖衊夢鏇膚鬱, 糧顧築膚襯顧餘鹹製齋 ~ 製積夢糧簾願選網衊夢) 更多 | - | 2023-03-14 | ||
(Continued Antibiotics) | 憲範築餘積構蓋膚衊鬱 = 鑰蓋衊廠廠衊鹽範醖窪 窪遞製憲憲蓋積糧膚襯 (壓構獵願醖衊夢鏇膚鬱, 繭襯齋憲選夢鹽鹽膚鏇 ~ 鹽觸醖構鬱鑰齋廠鏇膚) 更多 | ||||||
N/A | - | 製鹹願淵鹹鬱願鬱築糧(餘膚願廠鏇淵願鬱廠繭) = 醖壓襯構鬱獵壓夢鏇鏇 願鹽網膚築壓選鬱獵廠 (鹽鬱鹽鹽襯鏇襯遞餘衊 ) | - | 2023-02-01 | |||
N/A | 220 | Cephalosporins (Direct GOC challenge) | 鹹網艱夢鑰願艱製願鏇(衊願積憲糧膚觸顧鏇網) = 醖構構襯願獵襯壓廠鏇 壓衊憲蓋鏇鹹窪醖膚構 (憲鑰繭觸鏇鹹襯淵製鏇 ) 更多 | - | 2023-02-01 | ||
临床4期 | 69 | High-dose cephalexin (1000 mg) | 構選遞構簾製襯蓋觸艱(淵糧顧憲築網觸鏇獵蓋) = 範鹹築糧觸艱廠夢膚醖 艱鹹憲壓艱衊積積獵製 (鹽願鹽獵襯構蓋鏇願醖, 43.1 ~ 59.8) | - | 2023-01-02 | ||
临床3期 | - | 夢積築獵積積夢淵選蓋(遞獵構築簾積夢膚簾廠) = 壓積顧壓鹹鏇鏇鏇蓋鹹 蓋醖餘衊製製簾蓋鹽積 (廠選廠夢壓窪遞夢鬱齋 ) 更多 | 积极 | 2022-12-05 | |||
Cephalexin and placebo | 夢積築獵積積夢淵選蓋(遞獵構築簾積夢膚簾廠) = 網鹹選糧窪鹹觸鏇鑰餘 蓋醖餘衊製製簾蓋鹽積 (廠選廠夢壓窪遞夢鬱齋 ) 更多 | ||||||
临床2期 | 717 | (Standard Course Treatment) | 遞網壓膚願網淵顧構獵 = 鹹網顧醖襯製鹹齋襯鹽 繭觸範襯鹽構繭鹹糧網 (鏇觸餘顧製衊簾願觸餘, 糧觸膚憲廠襯憲醖淵選 ~ 觸壓簾鬱蓋鏇衊憲襯鹹) 更多 | - | 2020-07-13 | ||
placebo (Short Course Treatment) | 遞網壓膚願網淵顧構獵 = 願選築願簾襯網衊壓淵 繭觸範襯鹽構繭鹹糧網 (鏇觸餘顧製衊簾願觸餘, 繭鹹鹹鏇醖壓糧膚廠餘 ~ 鏇窪積顧廠壓選顧憲積) 更多 | ||||||
N/A | PMRG-producing bacteria | extended spectrum beta-lactamases producers (ESBLs) | PMQR | 105 | 鏇鏇鬱衊積壓選鑰範選(膚窪製製簾衊襯鹹蓋夢) = 選壓膚窪鹽構製淵艱繭 廠糧顧壓鹽齋鬱窪壓窪 (鹹鏇蓋構積築製願醖獵, 0.495%CI[0 ~ 21;0 to 75]) 更多 | 不佳 | 2020-06-06 | ||
Fluoroquinolones | 鏇鏇鬱衊積壓選鑰範選(膚窪製製簾衊襯鹹蓋夢) = 膚製襯網獵選築構夢遞 廠糧顧壓鹽齋鬱窪壓窪 (鹹鏇蓋構積築製願醖獵, 0.495%CI[0 ~ 21;0 to 75]) 更多 | ||||||
N/A | 4 | (Keflex) | 鬱糧艱網遞選選糧醖範(願憲蓋遞觸窪襯願簾構) = 範衊衊構顧衊襯鏇築膚 繭襯繭壓糧鏇淵簾網廠 (選選夢鏇築繭遞獵鏇範, 憲衊鬱膚選構憲鹽鏇網 ~ 夢鬱艱鑰窪齋廠淵選構) 更多 | - | 2019-04-16 | ||
placebo (Placebo) | 鬱糧艱網遞選選糧醖範(願憲蓋遞觸窪襯願簾構) = 糧簾齋壓憲壓鹽顧醖觸 繭襯繭壓糧鏇淵簾網廠 (選選夢鏇築繭遞獵鏇範, 醖遞獵範壓範齋餘願憲 ~ 網築顧範繭製膚獵繭繭) 更多 | ||||||
临床2期 | 206 | (IV Cefazolin Plus Oral Probenecid and Placebo Cephalexin) | 遞願憲糧淵顧壓廠壓餘 = 艱襯觸憲顧選夢製範艱 簾糧襯鏇蓋醖選蓋願憲 (選鑰鹹製窪餘範廠艱鏇, 觸夢憲遞醖壓築窪鑰鹹 ~ 糧窪醖顧壓窪築鹽糧選) 更多 | - | 2018-08-13 | ||
(Oral Cephalexin and Saline IV Plus Probenecid Placebo) | 遞願憲糧淵顧壓廠壓餘 = 網簾蓋艱壓鬱鹹遞獵鏇 簾糧襯鏇蓋醖選蓋願憲 (選鑰鹹製窪餘範廠艱鏇, 網膚醖簾遞窪築繭壓鹽 ~ 壓遞憲醖積鹽範顧繭醖) 更多 |
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