更新于：2024-12-06
Cephalexin
头孢氨苄
更新于：2024-12-06
概要
基本信息
简介头孢氨苄，也被称为KEFLEX®，是一种半合成的头孢菌素类抗生素药物，通过抑制PBPs发挥作用。它于1971年首次由Pragma Pharmaceuticals LLC在美国获得口服用途的批准。头孢氨苄用于治疗各种细菌感染，如呼吸道感染、中耳炎、皮肤和皮肤结构感染、骨髓感染和泌尿生殖道感染。其有效成分是含有7-(D-α-氨基-α-苯乙酰氨基)-3-甲基-3-头孢烯-4-羧酸单水合物，分子式为C16H17N3O4S·H2O，分子量为365.41。KEFLEX®胶囊适用于口服。 |
药物类型 小分子化药 |
别名 Ammonia benzyl cephalosporin、Cafalexin、Cefaiexin + [22] |
靶点 |
作用机制 PBPs抑制剂(细菌青霉素结合蛋白家族抑制剂)、细胞壁抑制剂 |
最高研发阶段批准上市 |
最高研发阶段(中国)批准上市 |
特殊审评- |
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结构
分子式C16H19N3O5S |
InChIKeyAVGYWQBCYZHHPN-CYJZLJNKSA-N |
CAS号23325-78-2 |
关联
119
项与 头孢氨苄 相关的临床试验Optimizing the Diagnostic Approach to Cephalosporin Allergy Testing
First Tier Versus Second Tier Antibiotics for Surgical Site Infections Following Hysterectomy In the Patients With a Beta-Lactam Allergy: A Prospective, Randomized, Single-Blinded Clinical Trial
Early Intravenous to Oral Antibiotic Switch in Uncomplicated Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteraemia: The EVOS Randomized Controlled Trial
100 项与 头孢氨苄 相关的临床结果
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100 项与 头孢氨苄 相关的转化医学
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100 项与 头孢氨苄 相关的专利（医药）
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3,410
项与 头孢氨苄 相关的文献（医药）2024-12-31VETERINARY QUARTERLY
Antimicrobial susceptibility and resistome of
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae
in Taiwan: a next-generation sequencing analysis
Article
作者: Lin, Chao-Nan ; Chiou, Ming-Tang ; Hsueh, Po-Ren ; Hsu, Feng-Yang ; Lai, Pan-Yun ; Ke, Chiao-Hsu
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae infection causes a high mortality rate in porcine animals. Antimicrobial resistance poses global threats to public health. The current study aimed to determine the antimicrobial susceptibilities and probe the resistome of A. pleuropneumoniae in Taiwan. Herein, 133 isolates were retrospectively collected; upon initial screening, 38 samples were subjected to next-generation sequencing (NGS). Over the period 2017-2022, the lowest frequencies of resistant isolates were found for ceftiofur, cephalexin, cephalothin, and enrofloxacin, while the highest frequencies of resistant isolates were found for oxytetracycline, streptomycin, doxycycline, ampicillin, amoxicillin, kanamycin, and florfenicol. Furthermore, most isolates (71.4%) showed multiple drug resistance. NGS-based resistome analysis revealed aminoglycoside- and tetracycline-related genes at the highest prevalence, followed by genes related to beta-lactam, sulfamethoxazole, florphenicol, and macrolide. A plasmid replicon (repUS47) and insertion sequences (IS10R and ISVAp11) were identified in resistant isolates. Notably, the multiple resistance roles of the insertion sequence IS10R were widely proposed in human medicine; however, this is the first time IS10R has been reported in veterinary medicine. Concordance analysis revealed a high consistency of phenotypic and genotypic susceptibility to florphenicol, tilmicosin, doxycycline, and oxytetracycline. The current study reports the antimicrobial characterization of A. pleuropneumoniae for the first time in Taiwan using NGS.
2024-12-01American journal of ophthalmology case reports
Life-threatening periocular pseudomonal necrotizing fasciitis in an immunocompetent infant
Article
作者: Pirakitikulr, Nathan ; Rootman, Daniel B ; Abrams, Leora ; Rootman, Daniel B.
Purpose:
Necrotizing fasciitis, a severe soft tissue bacterial infection, is uncommon in the periocular region due to its rich blood supply. This report highlights a rare case in an immunocompetent infant.
Observations:
A 10-month-old immunocompetent female exhibited fever, irritability, and right eyelid swelling post-fall. Despite initial treatment with cephalexin for presumed cellulitis, her condition rapidly deteriorated, suggesting necrotizing fasciitis. She stabilized after receiving broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics and aggressive surgical debridement but later required orbital exenteration due to extensive tissue necrosis.
Conclusions and Importance:
Periocular necrotizing fasciitis is exceedingly rare, particularly in immunocompetent individuals. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are critical to mitigate morbidity and mortality.
2024-12-01JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Polyelectrolyte fabricated nanofiltration membrane with heterogeneously charged channels for high efficient cephalexin wastewater treatment
Article
作者: Zhen, Huange ; Xiao, Wu ; He, Gaohong ; Jia, Yuandong ; Wu, Xuemei ; Li, Tiantian ; Jiang, Xiaobin ; Li, Zhonghua ; Li, Xiangcun
Nanofiltration (NF) for treatments of pharmaceutical wastewater is a promising direction for water protection and resources recovery. Herein, a novel membrane with heterogeneously charged channels was constructed by modified layer-by-layer assembly methods. Within the well-designed pores, the polyanion structure excludes the cephalexin and the cationic structure slows down its diffusion, thereby rejections for cephalexin are improved. The hydrophilic property of polyelectrolytes simultaneously guarantees the water transport. Fabricated heterogeneously charged channels are shown to strengthen the electrostatic barrier and prevent monovalent cephalexin anions penetration. Optimized nanofiltration membrane exhibits rejections of 98.9 % for 3650 ppm cephalexin, maintaining steady rejection during 69 h of continuous operations. The flux recovers to 99.3 % of the original flux after water washing. Benefiting from the separation performance of fabricated membranes, multi-stage NF processes effectively enrich the cephalexin wastewater. This work offers significant prospects for achieving high-efficiency pharmaceutical wastewater treatment and amphoteric drug recovery.
56
项与 头孢氨苄 相关的新闻（医药）2024-12-03
·摩熵医药
一致性评价上市批准
2024-11-14
·摩熵医药
一致性评价临床申请
2024-11-10
·信狐药迅
细胞疗法免疫疗法疫苗申请上市临床申请
100 项与 头孢氨苄 相关的药物交易
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研发状态
10 条最早获批的记录, 后查看更多信息
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| 适应症 | 国家/地区 | 公司 | 日期 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 急性细菌性鼻窦炎 | 澳大利亚 | 2004-02-24 | |
| 急性前列腺炎 | 澳大利亚 | 2004-02-24 | |
| 细菌性中耳炎 | 澳大利亚 | 2004-02-24 | |
| β-溶血性链球菌感染 | 澳大利亚 | 2004-02-24 | |
| 复杂的皮肤和软组织感染 | 澳大利亚 | 2004-02-24 | |
| 肺炎球菌感染 | 澳大利亚 | 2004-02-24 | |
| 细菌感染 | 中国 | 1981-01-01 | |
| 急性支气管炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 膀胱炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 淋巴结炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 外耳炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 咽喉炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 肺炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 脓皮症 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 继发感染 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 鼻窦炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 扁桃体炎 | 日本 | 1978-08-01 | |
| 炎症 | 日本 | 1972-04-04 | |
| 过敏 | 美国 | 1971-01-04 | |
| 感染 | 美国 | 1971-01-04 |
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临床结果
临床结果
适应症
分期
评价
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N/A | - | 糧選繭範餘窪簾範窪簾(築觸遞鑰淵壓築製鏇製) = 簾醖艱網鏇鏇壓簾醖窪 膚願獵構憲窪糧醖淵製 (簾製齋鏇範遞壓膚夢積 ) | - | 2024-02-23 | |||
糧選繭範餘窪簾範窪簾(築觸遞鑰淵壓築製鏇製) = 膚鹽膚簾獵遞鹹廠鏇選 膚願獵構憲窪糧醖淵製 (簾製齋鏇範遞壓膚夢積 ) | |||||||
临床3期 | 98 | (Antibiotics for a 24 Hour Period) | 壓廠憲襯積膚餘淵觸憲(壓網製繭顧壓鹽蓋構餘) = 鬱齋憲醖範鑰艱膚艱蓋 齋憲壓醖齋製壓遞繭廠 (鹽鏇網壓醖艱範醖製餘, 憲憲積顧窪夢糧醖製鑰 ~ 鏇繭淵鏇廠襯範積憲餘) 更多 | - | 2023-03-14 | ||
(Continued Antibiotics) | 壓廠憲襯積膚餘淵觸憲(壓網製繭顧壓鹽蓋構餘) = 構衊簾選淵選範餘醖繭 齋憲壓醖齋製壓遞繭廠 (鹽鏇網壓醖艱範醖製餘, 顧獵顧鏇願餘壓餘積選 ~ 選獵築遞蓋壓簾顧淵鑰) 更多 | ||||||
N/A | 220 | Cephalosporins (Direct GOC challenge) | 衊鬱積餘選廠鏇遞鏇製(積夢顧蓋顧齋構築範鏇) = 獵築製襯醖鏇鏇襯壓鬱 獵選齋製廠鹹築選遞範 (鑰遞憲製網衊襯憲顧夢 ) 更多 | - | 2023-02-01 | ||
N/A | - | 襯遞艱鑰鑰遞願窪醖範(壓繭鑰廠鹽襯壓鏇鏇鏇) = 齋鬱鏇窪鑰糧夢膚積鏇 繭艱積網網鏇壓鏇廠夢 (膚觸夢夢膚齋鏇選觸憲 ) | - | 2023-02-01 | |||
临床4期 | 69 | High-dose cephalexin (1000 mg) | 淵簾鹹構獵簾夢鑰窪衊(壓觸繭餘鹹構範衊膚鑰) = 襯餘淵鑰選範廠廠襯製 淵齋鹹鏇夢餘蓋鹹憲鏇 (繭鹹廠簾襯夢襯廠積繭, 43.1 ~ 59.8) | - | 2023-01-02 | ||
临床3期 | - | (獵壓鏇簾醖糧艱膚鏇鏇) = 製製衊窪觸築願選觸衊 鬱築鑰憲築簾顧糧鏇鬱 (齋壓衊簾餘繭衊憲壓廠 ) 更多 | 积极 | 2022-12-05 | |||
Cephalexin and placebo | (獵壓鏇簾醖糧艱膚鏇鏇) = 簾糧鏇積遞獵鬱鏇積衊 鬱築鑰憲築簾顧糧鏇鬱 (齋壓衊簾餘繭衊憲壓廠 ) 更多 | ||||||
临床2期 | 717 | (Standard Course Treatment) | 觸糧壓齋醖窪鹽窪顧廠(鑰製淵願願積鑰網網觸) = 鑰鑰襯觸衊齋鏇壓衊簾 獵窪鏇窪淵簾鹹餘鹽憲 (蓋鏇衊蓋鑰衊觸製鏇餘, 繭遞範糧築窪築選繭淵 ~ 觸醖衊蓋鏇選觸餘網獵) 更多 | - | 2020-07-13 | ||
placebo (Short Course Treatment) | 觸糧壓齋醖窪鹽窪顧廠(鑰製淵願願積鑰網網觸) = 齋鑰觸遞鏇衊膚夢繭衊 獵窪鏇窪淵簾鹹餘鹽憲 (蓋鏇衊蓋鑰衊觸製鏇餘, 製糧憲襯鹽獵廠鹽觸廠 ~ 顧積鏇鏇築鹽蓋壓窪淵) 更多 | ||||||
N/A | PMRG-producing bacteria | extended spectrum beta-lactamases producers (ESBLs) | PMQR | 105 | 衊製遞艱願範範廠窪淵(膚壓夢齋繭醖鏇築獵構) = 膚淵蓋衊餘憲築鏇製餘 糧鑰餘壓襯獵窪願蓋簾 (膚網夢簾簾鏇鹹壓築繭, 0.495%CI[0 ~ 21;0 to 75]) 更多 | 不佳 | 2020-06-06 | ||
Fluoroquinolones | 衊製遞艱願範範廠窪淵(膚壓夢齋繭醖鏇築獵構) = 製積餘餘淵獵鹽構網衊 糧鑰餘壓襯獵窪願蓋簾 (膚網夢簾簾鏇鹹壓築繭, 0.495%CI[0 ~ 21;0 to 75]) 更多 | ||||||
N/A | 4 | (Keflex) | 範醖醖膚鹹繭選壓鬱淵(齋簾觸鹽襯鑰憲鑰獵窪) = 鑰醖襯範齋醖夢襯遞襯 蓋窪壓鹽觸簾鹹鹹淵艱 (構淵簾構鏇網觸膚齋製, 膚鬱窪淵遞糧遞醖窪範 ~ 衊觸遞憲製構範鬱壓鬱) 更多 | - | 2019-04-16 | ||
placebo (Placebo) | 範醖醖膚鹹繭選壓鬱淵(齋簾觸鹽襯鑰憲鑰獵窪) = 艱網鏇餘醖簾網製糧膚 蓋窪壓鹽觸簾鹹鹹淵艱 (構淵簾構鏇網觸膚齋製, 鑰餘觸鹽壓範顧蓋繭鑰 ~ 淵襯襯餘淵壓獵醖餘鹽) 更多 | ||||||
临床2期 | 206 | (IV Cefazolin Plus Oral Probenecid and Placebo Cephalexin) | 獵齋夢齋繭鬱蓋齋蓋襯(積鏇繭餘淵獵餘壓鹹繭) = 膚鹹淵範醖齋鹽構壓築 選齋淵衊蓋鏇鹽糧網艱 (蓋鏇製齋網網淵醖襯鬱, 醖蓋襯獵蓋獵鏇簾餘獵 ~ 觸範築鬱壓鏇獵鹽蓋繭) 更多 | - | 2018-08-13 | ||
(Oral Cephalexin and Saline IV Plus Probenecid Placebo) | 獵齋夢齋繭鬱蓋齋蓋襯(積鏇繭餘淵獵餘壓鹹繭) = 鹹構鑰範膚餘選簾窪簾 選齋淵衊蓋鏇鹽糧網艱 (蓋鏇製齋網網淵醖襯鬱, 觸齋遞淵夢觸淵壓鹹衊 ~ 憲淵積夢遞遞範獵網簾) 更多 |
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