Mepivacaine Hydrochloride

点击标题下「蓝色微信名」可快速关注 来源：公众号“壮士维智慧干细胞” 全球大约有5.4亿人正在遭受腰痛的折磨，而腰椎间盘突出是引发腰疼的主要原因之一。尽管大部分患者都能通过治疗缓解症状，但对于重症患者来说，却可能是缠绕一生的病痛。为改变这种现状，巴利亚多利德大学生物和基因分子研究所尝试运用干细胞（MSC）修复椎间盘，并得到了令人鼓舞的结果。 腰疼，已经成为现代年轻人的通病。 其中，引起腰疼最普遍的疾病就是腰椎间盘突出，这已经不再是中老年人特有的疾病了，随着现代人缺乏锻炼，坐姿不良，身体素质差，20几岁就出现腰椎问题的也大有人在。 随着患有腰椎疾病的人越来越多，临床上的治疗策略也变得繁多起来，比如针灸、推拿等物理疗法，牵引治疗，封闭治疗，甚至是手术治疗。尽管90%的患者都能通过治疗缓解疼痛，然而，剩下的10%治疗难度仍然很大。 面对众多的临床患者，有没有更好的尝试呢？ 《Transplantation》杂志曾发布了一篇运用间充质干细胞（MSC）修复椎间盘的研究，在10名腰椎间盘退的慢性腰疼患者身上进行了间充质干细胞的治疗，得到了令人鼓舞的结果：患者腰椎部位有了明显改善，证明了间充质干细胞作为退行性椎间盘疾病的替代疗法是安全可行的，仅需微创处理，无需手术或住院治疗。 你的腰间盘退变从20岁就开始了 我们常说的腰间盘突出，也就是医学上的椎间盘突出，多发生在腰4腰5和腰5骶1突出。 这是腰椎骨之间腰间盘发生退行性改变或者由于急性外伤导致纤维环破裂髓核向后留出所致，如果突出压迫到了神经就会导致腰臀腿疼痛、发麻的情况。 △椎体病变示意图 腰间盘突出因为其特殊结构和材料的关系，使得它们的年龄周期只有20年的健康寿命，所以腰间盘突出也属于退行性病变。 什么是退行性疾病呢？简单来说就是随着年龄增长，机体开始老化，椎间盘也会老化就很容易破裂突出，再加之姿势不正确，不注意锻炼等后天环境影响，更加速了椎间盘的老化突出。 一旦发生了突出，就无法彻底根治，只能通过各种理疗来缓解症状，对于大多数人来说哪怕只是轻度的疼痛，也很影响正常的生活学习。临床上尽管疗法众多，但都无法彻底治疗，这也使得腰间盘突出成为了难治性疾病，临床亟需新的治疗策略。 间充质干细胞拯救你的“老腰” 尽管大部分患者都可以自行缓解，但对于重症患者来说，却严重影响了他们的生活，甚至成为了缠绕一生的病痛。 近年来，对于退行性腰椎间盘疾病病理生理学理解的进展，促进了新的生物疗法的研究，包括基于细胞的策略。这些治疗的潜在优势是保留了正常的周围解剖结构、生物力学和运动。细胞疗法在体外和体内都产生了令人兴奋的结果，而间充质干细胞的研究也变得特别有前景。 《Transplantation》上的一项研究中，研究人员招募了10名患者，所有患者均患有严重型腰椎间盘突出，且在招募前至少6个月对常规治疗无应答，并伴有保留外部纤维环和持续性腰痛。 患者被1:1随机分入治疗组和对照组，在局部麻醉下，治疗组患者移植MSC（每个椎间盘注射含25×106 MSC的2mL生理盐水），对照组患者注射2mL 1%甲哌卡因对靠近病变椎间盘的椎旁肌肉组织进行浸润。 △不同方法治疗慢性腰椎病效果对比图 与对照组相比，接受MSC治疗的患者在腰椎疼痛（VAS）和功能障碍（ODI）方面显示出了快速而显著的改善。镇痛效果明显，有效率接近71%，疼痛改善也提高了患者的生活质量。 △间充质干细胞治疗后疼痛和残疾的时间演变 此外，研究者还发现，MSC治疗的患者中，Pfirrmann分级量化的退行性病变得到改善，而对照组却发生了恶化。 △间充质干细胞治疗后MRI变化 干细胞具有组织分化和再生的功能，间充质干细胞与髓核细胞的共培养刺激髓核细胞增殖和间充质干细胞向软骨细胞谱系分化，细胞因子的产生和增加，尤其是转化生长因子有利于促进细胞的转化。 更重要的是，干细胞的干预治疗无需手术，不会产生解剖结构的改变，也不会妨碍进一步的干预治疗，其安全性也早在多项临床试验中被证实，在这项临床试验为期一年的治疗过程中，也并未发生重大不良事件，这都证明了干细胞的安全性、可行性和临床疗效。 总之，该项临床研究证明了使用扩增的间充质干细胞治疗腰椎间盘退变引起的慢性腰疼是一种可行的策略。 相较而言，干细胞的干预治疗更简单、保守，无需手术或患者住院治疗就能更好地缓解疼痛症状。这对未来临床治疗提供了新的治疗选择，相信随着干细胞研究的不断深入，干细胞治疗终会为更多人减轻疾病痛苦，带来更多益处！ （和澜转载自网络公开源；版权归原作者所有） 以上公司产品，详情请关注咨询 细胞医学托起生命的希望     前沿的细胞应用医疗咨询服务 上海和澜生物科技有限公司 Shanghai Healthland Biological Technology 欢迎关注公众平台留言咨询 公众号：healthlandsh 咨询电话：+8618273141534（夏's） 公司固话：021-65011089

FDA is requiring labeling changes to strengthen the warnings that tranexamic acid injection should be administered only intravenously (into the vein). Tranexamic acid injection products are not to be administered intrathecally (into the spine) or as an epidural injection. FDA is taking this action after having identified and evaluated medication error cases of inadvertent neuraxial (intrathecal or epidural) administration of tranexamic acid. In these cases, tranexamic acid was erroneously administered neuraxially instead of the intended local anesthetic (e.g., bupivacaine, lidocaine, mepivacaine, and ropivacaine), which resulted in serious patient outcomes, including prolonged hospitalization and death. Medical practice-level and facility-level human factors (e.g., storing tranexamic acid injection close to local anesthetics and failing to verify the product before administration) contributed to the medication errors. Tranexamic acid injection is indicated for short-term use (2 to 8 days) in patients with hemophilia to reduce or prevent hemorrhage and reduce the need for replacement therapy during and following tooth extraction. Health care professionals should only administer tranexamic acid injection by the intravenous route. Tranexamic acid injection is supplied in single-dose ampules and single-dose vials containing 1,000 mg tranexamic acid in 10 mL and is marketed both under the proprietary name, Cyklokapron, and as a generic drug. Tranexamic acid is also supplied in sodium chloride injection in single-dose bags containing 1,000 mg of tranexamic acid in 100 mL solution for intravenous use. FDA is requiring the following changes to the prescribing information for tranexamic acid injection: Add a Boxed Warning to communicate the risk of medication errors involving inadvertent neuraxial administration of tranexamic acid injection Add a statement to indicate that tranexamic acid injection is contraindicated as a neuraxial injection Update the Dosage and Administration section to clarify that tranexamic acid injection is only to be administered intravenously and to provide instructions for preparing and administering the diluted solution Additionally, FDA is recommending that the container labels for tranexamic acid injection prominently display the product name and intravenous route of administration. Health care professionals should consider the following steps to minimize the risk of inadvertent neuraxial administration of tranexamic acid injection: Storage Do not store tranexamic acid injection vials or ampules near local anesthetics or in kits containing local anesthetics intended for spinal or epidural anesthesia. Store medication vials in a way that makes the labels visible to avoid reliance on identifying drugs by the vial cap color. Use barcode scanning when stocking medication cabinets to ensure the correct medication is placed in the appropriate storage bin. Store tranexamic acid injection vials and ampules in separate carts outside the operating room or in locked bins that require barcode scanning to remove from the bin. Administration Use commercially available or pharmacy-prepared intravenous infusion bags of tranexamic acid, when possible, to minimize confusion with local anesthetics supplied in vials or ampules. Use barcode scanning and always check the container label to ensure the correct product is selected and administered. If withdrawing tranexamic acid injection from a vial or ampule, promptly label each syringe when it is prepared unless it is immediately administered. If using pre-packaged spinal or epidural kits, carefully inspect the container labels of medications included in the kit to verify the intended medication before use. Additional Recommendations for Health Care Facilities Add a prominent "contains tranexamic acid" auxiliary warning label to all vials and ampules that contain tranexamic acid injection. Add tranexamic acid injection to internal high-alert medication lists and develop procedures and policies to ensure safe use and minimize the risk of mix-up with other medications. FDA encourages health care professionals and patients to report adverse events, medication errors, and product quality problems experienced with the use of any medical product to MedWatch: The FDA Safety Information and Adverse Event Reporting Program : Complete and submit the report online at www.fda.gov/medwatch/report.htm ; or Download and complete the form , then submit it via fax at 1-800-FDA-0178. Content current as of: 10/21/2025 Regulated Product(s) Topic(s) Legal Disclaimer: EIN Presswire provides this news content "as is" without warranty of any kind. We do not accept any responsibility or liability for the accuracy, content, images, videos, licenses, completeness, legality, or reliability of the information contained in this article. If you have any complaints or copyright issues related to this article, kindly contact the author above.